微量元素铜在反刍动物生产中的应用研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2021.01.020

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 铜在反刍动物体内有着非常重要的作用，它是维持反刍动物机体正常生理功能、生化代谢及生长发育所必需的微量元素，很多依赖于铜的酶在机体内发挥着重要作用，青藏高原的牧草由于冷季缺乏铜而导致放牧家畜容易出现铜缺乏症状，影响放牧家畜的生长及生产性能的提高，为此需要给放牧家畜补充一定量的铜，但是铜在反刍动物体内的吸收率较低且受到很多因素的影响，可以通过研究这些因素来提高铜的吸收效率，以避免对环境造成污染。铜可以促进瘤胃微生物生长，提高产气量和能量利用效率来提高瘤胃发酵效率和营养物质消化率，还可以提高反刍动物免疫功能和抗氧化性能，最终铜可以提高反刍动物的生产性能，不同反刍动物或者相同反刍动物在不同的生理阶段对铜的需要量不一致，在添加铜时要按照营养需要量结合生产实际添加，以提高铜的添加效率。文章综述了铜吸收及影响因素、铜对反刍动物瘤胃发酵、营养物质消化率、免疫功能、抗氧化性能、生产性能的影响，旨在为铜在反刍动物生产中科学应用提供借鉴和参考。

关键词: 微量元素; 铜; 反刍动物; 瘤胃发酵; 抗氧化; 免疫; 生产性能

Abstract: Copper plays a very important role in ruminants,which is an essential trace element for maintaining normal physiological function,biochemical metabolism and growth of ruminants,many enzymes that depend on copper play an important role in ruminants,due to copper deficiency in the herbage of Qinghai-Tibet plateau in cold season,the grazing livestock tended to suffer from copper deficiency,which affects the growth and the improvement of production performance of grazing livestock,for this purpose,a certain amount of copper is needed for grazing livestock,but copper has a low absorption rate in ruminants and affected by many factors,these factors should be researched to improve the absorption efficiency,and lower pollution to the environment.Copper promotes rumen microbial growth,improve the efficiency of rumen fermentation and nutrient digestibility by increasing gas production and energy utilization efficiency,it can also improve the immune function and antioxidant performance of ruminants,eventually copper can improve ruminant production performance,different ruminants or the same ruminants at different physiological stages have different copper requirements,copper should be added according to the nutrient requirements and combined with the actual production.This paper reviewed copper absorption and its affect factors,and the effects of copper on rumen fermentation,nutrient digestibility,immune function,antioxidant performance,production performance of ruminants,in order to provide reference for application of copper in ruminants.

Key words: trace elements; cooper; ruminants; rumen fermentation; antioxidant; immune; production performance

中图分类号:

S816.72

李万栋, 张晓卫, 冯宇哲, 崔占鸿. 微量元素铜在反刍动物生产中的应用研究进展[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2021, 48(1): 178-189.

LI Wandong, ZHANG Xiaowei, FENG Yuzhe, CUI Zhanhong. Research Advances on Applications of Trace Element Cooper in Ruminants Production[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2021, 48(1): 178-189.

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