混合油脂对清远麻鸡胸肌脂肪酸组成的影响及其代谢组机制研究

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2020.04.011

中国畜牧兽医 ›› 2020, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (4): 1058-1069.doi: 10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2020.04.011

混合油脂对清远麻鸡胸肌脂肪酸组成的影响及其代谢组机制研究

苟钟勇, 崔小燕, 范秋丽, 李龙, 林厦菁, 王一冰, 蒋守群, 蒋宗勇

广东省农业科学院动物科学研究所, 畜禽育种国家重点实验室, 农业农村部华南动物营养与饲料重点实验室, 广东省动物育种与营养公共实验室, 广东省畜禽育种与营养研究重点实验室, 广州 510640

收稿日期:2019-09-09 出版日期:2020-04-20 发布日期:2020-04-17
通讯作者: 蒋守群, 蒋宗勇 E-mail:1014534359@qq.com;jiangz28@qq.com
作者简介:苟钟勇(1982-),男,四川达州人,博士,副研究员,研究方向:黄羽肉鸡营养与免疫,E-mail:yozhgo917@163.com;崔小燕(1989-),女,甘肃平凉人,博士,研究方向:家禽营养与肉质调控,E-mail:cxyan813@163.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFD0500600）；国家肉鸡产业技术体系项目（CARS-41-G10）；国家自然科学基金青年基金（31802104）；广东省自然科学基金（2017A030310096）；广东省科技计划项目（2017B020202003）；广州市科技计划重点项目（201804020091）；广东省农业科学院院长基金项目（201620、201805、201807B、201809B、201908）

Effects of Mixed Lipid on Breast Muscle Fatty Acid Composition, and Underlying Metabolomics Mechanism in Qingyuan Chickens

GOU Zhongyong, CUI Xiaoyan, FAN Qiuli, LI Long, LIN Xiajing, WANG Yibing, JIANG Shouqun, JIANG Zongyong

State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, The Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science(South China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China

Received:2019-09-09 Online:2020-04-20 Published:2020-04-17

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本试验旨在研究单一和混合油脂日粮对肉鸡生长性能和胸肌脂肪酸组成的影响，并利用代谢组学技术探究日粮油脂干预后胸肌脂肪酸组成发生变化的代谢机制，为调控肉鸡脂肪酸组成的研究提供新思路。选取1日龄慢速型清远麻母鸡480只，随机分为2组（每组6个重复，每个重复40只），对照组（CON）饲喂大豆油日粮，试验组（BOF）饲喂等量的混合油脂（大豆油∶猪油∶鱼油∶椰子油=1.0∶1.0∶0.5∶0.5）日粮，试验期127 d。结果表明，与对照组相比，混合油脂日粮对肉鸡平均日增重没有显著影响（P > 0.05），但显著降低了肉鸡的平均日采食量和料重比（P < 0.05）；显著增加了肉鸡胸肌中月桂酸（C12∶0）、肉豆蔻酸（C14∶0）、油酸（C18∶1n-9）、二十碳五烯酸（EPA，C20∶5n-3）和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA，C22∶6n-3）的比例，显著降低了亚油酸（C18∶2n-6）比例（P < 0.05）。利用液相色谱－质谱联用（LC-MS）技术，在试验鸡胸肌中共筛选到110种差异代谢物（变量权重值（VIP） > 1，P < 0.05），其中63种差异物质被注释，主要是磷脂代谢物，包括磷脂酰胆碱（PC）、磷脂酰丝氨酸（PS）和磷脂酰乙醇胺（PE）等。此外，与对照组相比，混合油脂组显著增加了胸肌中谷胱甘肽和肌肽含量（P < 0.05）。代谢通路富集分析表明，α-亚麻酸代谢、花生四烯酸代谢、亚油酸代谢和甘油磷酸代谢等脂质代谢通路发生显著改变（P < 0.05）。综上，混合油脂日粮相较于大豆油日粮提高了肉鸡的饲料转化效率，促进了胸肌组织中DHA和EPA的沉积；日粮油脂干预后肉鸡胸肌中磷脂代谢物、氧化稳定性代谢物和脂类代谢途径发生显著改变。本研究鉴定出的差异代谢物和差异代谢通路可为调控肉鸡脂肪酸组成的研究提供参考。

关键词: 清远麻鸡; 混合油脂; 脂肪酸组成; 胸肌代谢组学; 磷脂代谢物

Abstract: This study was conducted to examine the effects of dietary addition of soybean oil or a blend of oil and fat on the growth performance and fatty acid profile of breast muscle in chickens,and to explore the mechanism of metabolic changes occurring in the fatty acid profile of breast muscle based on metabolomics technology,which could provide new ideas for regulating the fatty acid composition of chickens.A total of 480 one-day-old female chicks (Qingyuan) were randomly assigned into two dietary treatments,each consisted of six replicates and 40 chicks per replicate.The diet of control group (CON) was added with soybean oil,and the experimental group (BOF) was added with the blend of oil and fat,soybean oil∶lard∶fish oil∶coconut oil=1.0∶1.0∶0.5∶0.5.The experimental period was 127 d.The results showed that the birds fed the BOF diet,compared to the controls,had similar daily body weight gain (P > 0.05),lower daily feed intake and feed∶gain ratio (P < 0.05);higher content of lauric acid (C12∶0),myristic acid (C14∶0),oleic acid (C18∶1n-9),eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA,C20∶5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA,C22∶6n-3) (P < 0.05),and lower content of linoleic acid (C18∶2n-6) (P < 0.05) in breast muscle tissue.A total of 110 different metabolites (VIP > 1,P < 0.05) in the breast muscle were detected by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS),due to the dietary treatment,63 of which were annotated and were mainly phospholipid metabolites,including phosphatidylcholine (PC),phosphatidylserine (PS) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE).In addition,the contents of glutathione and carnosine in breast muscle were significantly increased in the BOF treatment (P < 0.05).Through the metabolic pathway enrichment analysis,it was found that fatty acid metabolism pathways,including alpha-linolenic acid metabolism,arachidonic acid metabolism,linoleic acid metabolism and glycerophospholipid metabolism were changed significantly (P < 0.05).In summary,the BOF diet improved the feed efficiency of chickens and promoted DHA and EPA deposition in the breast muscle compared to those birds fed traditional soybean oil diet.It had been proven that the dietary fat intervention modified the phospholipid metabolites,oxidative stability metabolites and lipid metabolism pathways in breast muscle.The identified differential metabolites and differential metabolic pathways could provide references for the future studies on regulating fatty acid composition in chicken’s breast muscle.

Key words: Qingyuan chickens; blend of oil and fat; fatty acid composition; muscle metabolomics; phospholipid metabolites

中图分类号:

S816

苟钟勇, 崔小燕, 范秋丽, 李龙, 林厦菁, 王一冰, 蒋守群, 蒋宗勇. 混合油脂对清远麻鸡胸肌脂肪酸组成的影响及其代谢组机制研究[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2020, 47(4): 1058-1069.

GOU Zhongyong, CUI Xiaoyan, FAN Qiuli, LI Long, LIN Xiajing, WANG Yibing, JIANG Shouqun, JIANG Zongyong. Effects of Mixed Lipid on Breast Muscle Fatty Acid Composition, and Underlying Metabolomics Mechanism in Qingyuan Chickens[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2020, 47(4): 1058-1069.

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混合油脂对清远麻鸡胸肌脂肪酸组成的影响及其代谢组机制研究

Effects of Mixed Lipid on Breast Muscle Fatty Acid Composition, and Underlying Metabolomics Mechanism in Qingyuan Chickens

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