育肥后期锦江牛能量代谢规律及需要量的研究

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2019.03.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本试验旨在研究育肥后期锦江去势公牛的能量代谢规律及需要量。在育肥前期不同能量水平饲喂的基础上（育肥前期5种肉牛日粮综合净能（NE_mf）依次为6.02、6.38、6.74、7.10、7.46 MJ/kg，每组10头牛，育肥116 d）继续育肥，育肥前期试验结束后，保持分组不变，挑选35头体型接近、体重（355.94±35.11） kg锦江牛继续育肥。按照中国《肉牛饲养标准》（NY/T 815-2004）中350 kg肉牛日增重1.2 kg/d所需净能的100%（A组）、106%（B组）、112%（C组）、118%（D组）、124%（E组）配制5种不同能量水平的试验日粮，5种日粮的NE_mf依次为6.21、6.58、6.95、7.33、7.70 MJ/kg。采用饲养试验和消化代谢试验测定育肥后期锦江去势公牛生长性能及能量代谢指标，并建立消化能和代谢能能量需要模型。预试期10 d，正试期128 d。结果表明：①D、E组育肥后期锦江去势公牛的总能采食量较其他组显著降低（P<0.05）。②B组肥后期锦江去势公牛能量利用效率最高，总能消化率、总能代谢率分别为90.59%和83.36%。③育肥后期锦江去势公牛日增重与消化能采食量和代谢能采食量存在高度线性正相关（R²=0.997、R²=0.993），其消化能、代谢能需要量的回归方程分别为：DE_m=0.770W^0.75+40.088×ADG；ME_m=0.645W^0.75+38.603×ADG（其中DE为消化能总需要量（MJ/d）；ME为代谢能总需要量（MJ/d）；W^0.75为单位代谢体重（kg）；ADG为平均日增重（kg/d））。综上所述，育肥后期锦江牛的维持消化能总需要量（DE_m）和代谢能总需要量（ME_m）分别为0.770、0.645 MJ/（kg W^0.75·d），每千克增重的消化能和代谢能需要量分别为40.088、38.603 MJ。

关键词: 锦江牛; 消化能; 代谢能; 能量需要量

Abstract:

This experiment was conducted to investigate the energy metabolism and requirement of Jinjiang steers in the latter stage of fattening.The Jinjiang steers in the present study were chosen from our previous study,which were fed at different energy levels in the early stage of fattening (The NE_mf of the five diets were 6.02,6.38,6.74,7.10 and 7.46 MJ/kg with 10 heads per group and test period was 116 d).After the early stage of fattening,the group were unchanged and the total of 35 remaining cattle with (355.94±35.11) kg average body weight in five group were re-continued for fattening feeding.The steers were fed 5 diets with different energy levels,which were formulated according to 100% (group A),106% (group B),112% (group C),118% (group D) and 124% (group E) of NE_mf for the expected weight gain of 1.2 kg/d (China Feeding Standards of Beef Cattle (NY-T 815－2004)),respectively.The NE_mf in five diets of groups A,B,C,D and E were 6.21,6.58,6.95,7.33 and 7.70 MJ/kg,respectively.The feeding test and digestion and metabolism test were carried out to measure the growth performance and energy metabolism indexes of Jinjiang steers,and then the models were built to predict the digestive energy requirement and metabolism energy requirement.The pre-test period was 10 d and test period was 128 d.The results showed as follows:①The total energy intake of Jinjiang steers at the latter stage of fattening of groups D and E was significantly reduced than that of other groups (P<0.05).②Group B had the highest energy utilization efficiency,with total energy digestibility and metabolic rate were 90.59% and 83.36%,respectively.③There was a positive linear correlation between average daily gain and digestive energy intake/metabolizable energy intake (R²=0.997,R²=0.993),the digestive energy requirement and metabolizable energy requirement of Jinjiang steers could be estimated by the following equations:DE_m=0.770W^0.75＋40.088×ADG;ME_m=0.645W^0.75＋38.603×ADG (DE_m represented digestive energy requirement (MJ/d);ME_m represented metabolizable energy requirement (MJ/d);W^0.75represented metabolic body (kg);ADG represented average daily gain (kg/d)).The digestive energy requirement and metabolizable energy requirement for maintenance of Jinjiang steers were 0.770 and 0.645 MJ/(kg W^0.75·d),respectively.Digestible energy and metabolizable energy required for per kilogram of body weight gain were 40.088 and 38.603 MJ,respectively.

Key words: Jinjiang steers; digestible energy; metabolic energy; energy requirement

中图分类号:

S823

柏峻, 赵二龙, 李美发, 辛均平, 许兰娇, 瞿明仁, 易中华, 杨食堂, 杨建军, 李艳娇. 育肥后期锦江牛能量代谢规律及需要量的研究[J]. 《中国畜牧兽医》, 2019, 46(3): 732-739.

BAI Jun, ZHAO Erlong, LI Meifa, XIN Junping, XU Lanjiao, QU Mingren, YI Zhonghua, YANG Shitang, YANG Jianjun, LI Yanjiao. Energy Metabolism and Requirement of Jinjiang Cattle in the Latter Stage of Fattening[J]. , 2019, 46(3): 732-739.

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