贵州省猪源大肠杆菌对四环素类药物的耐药性及耐药基因检测

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2018.05.030

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为考察贵州省猪源大肠杆菌对四环素类抗菌药的耐药情况和耐药基因的流行情况，本试验采用微量肉汤稀释法测定783株分离于贵州省8个地区规模化养殖场的猪源大肠杆菌对6种四环素类药物的敏感性，并通过PCR方法检测其携带四环素耐药基因情况。结果显示，猪源大肠杆菌对土霉素、四环素、金霉素、多西环素、米诺环素和替加环素的耐药率分别为97.3%、97.6%、96.6%、89.3%、48.0%和34.2%；土霉素和四环素的耐药水平最高，其MIC₅₀分别为256 和128 μg/mL，而MIC₉₀均为512 μg/mL，四环素的耐药倍数高于土霉素；米诺环素和替加环素的耐药水平最低，其MIC₉₀分别为32和4 μg/mL，耐药倍数相同；耐药基因tetA、tetB、tetC、tetD和tetM的检出率分别为92.60%、41.50%、58.75%、58.62%和70.10%；耐药菌株中主要以tetA基因为主，且大多数以携带复合基因的形式存在；大肠杆菌对土霉素、四环素、金霉素、多西环素和米诺环素的耐药性分别与耐药基因tetB和tetM呈极显著相关（P<0.01），tetD基因分别与对米诺环素和替加环素的耐药性呈极显著相关（P<0.01）。贵州省猪源大肠杆菌对四环素类药物的耐药情况十分普遍，尤其是四环素和土霉素，金霉素和强力霉素有高度耐药的趋势；外排泵是四环素类药物主要的耐药机制；在兽医临床上越来越严重的耐药情况与耐药基因的广泛存在有很大关系。

关键词: 药敏试验; 四环素类药物; 耐药基因; 耐药表型

Abstract:

In order to investigate the resistance to tetracycline and the prevalence of resistant genes of E. coli in Guizhou province,the sensitivity of 783 E. coli isolated from swine of 8 farms in Guizhou province to 6 kinds of tetracyclines was determined by broth microdilution method,and tetracycline resistance gene was detected by PCR method.The results showed that the resistance rates of isolates to oxytetracycline,tetracycline,chlortetracycline,doxycycline,minocycline and tigecycline were 97.3%,97.6%,96.6%,89.3%,48.0% and 34.2%,respectively.The resistance levels of oxytetracycline and tetracycline were the highest,their MIC₅₀ were 256 and 128 μg/mL,respectively,while the MIC₉₀ were both 512 μg/mL,and the drug resistance times of tetracycline were higher than that of oxytetracycline.The drug resistance level of minocycline and tigecycline were the lowest,and their MIC₉₀ were 32 and 4 μg/mL,respectively,the drug resistance times of minocycline and tigecycline were the same.The detection rates of tetracycline resistance genes tetA,tetB,tetC and tetD were 92.60%,41.50%,58.75%,58.62% and 70.10%,respectively.The tetA gene was mainly type in resistance strains,and most of them carried complex resistance genes.The resistance rates of E.coli to oxytetracycline,tetracycline,chlortetracycline,doxycycline and minocycline were extremely significantly correlated with the detection rates of tetB and tetM genes (P<0.01).The detection of tetD gene was positively with tigecycline and minocycline resistance (P<0.01) respectively.The drug resistance of E. coli from swine in Guizhou province was widespread,especially to tetracycline and oxytetracycline;The drug resistance trend of chlortetracycline and doxycycline were highly;The mechanism of efflux pump was the main drug resistance mechanism of tetracyclines;It had a great relationship between the prevalence of resistance genes and growth of antimicrobial resistance in veterinary clinical practice.

Key words: drug sensitivity test; tetracyclines; drug resistance genes; drug-resistant phenotype

中图分类号:

S852.61

王学君, 谭艾娟, 吕世明, 杜安定, 陈波利, 张盛珣. 贵州省猪源大肠杆菌对四环素类药物的耐药性及耐药基因检测[J]. 《中国畜牧兽医》, 2018, 45(5): 1367-1373.

WANG Xuejun, TAN Aijuan, LV Shiming, DU Anding, CHEN Boli, ZHANG Shengxun. Detection of Resistance and Resistance Genes of Swine Escherichia coli in Guizhou to Tetracyclines[J]. , 2018, 45(5): 1367-1373.

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