家禽就巢性的影响因素及其内分泌调控机理研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2018.01.022

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

就巢性是家禽进行繁殖必不可少的行为，对家禽的繁殖能力有很大影响。家禽就巢性作为一个低遗传力性状，其受环境、内分泌及遗传3种因素调控。其中环境因素中光照、温度、饲养管理模式等都对家禽就巢性具有显著影响。与禽类就巢性密切相关的繁殖内分泌激素主要包括：促性腺激素释放激素（GnRH）、催乳素（PRL）、促卵泡激素（FSH）、促黄体素（LH）、孕酮（P₄）和雌二醇（E₂）。遗传是家禽就巢性的决定因素，就巢性候选基因研究主要基于内分泌研究中的相关繁殖激素。随着基因组测序技术发展，大量就巢性相关新基因被证实，为就巢性分子遗传机制的研究提供了新的思路。目前，家禽就巢性的遗传调控机制仍不清楚，开展就巢性的分子调控机制研究，将极大地提高家禽产蛋性能，促进优良地方禽类的保护、开发和利用。作者对环境、内分泌和遗传控制就巢行为的研究进行综述，并对禽类就巢行为的发生和调控机制进行探讨。

关键词: 家禽; 就巢性; 激素; 基因

Abstract:

The broodiness is essential to breeding in domestic fowl, which can lead to the decrease of egg production. As the heritability of broodiness is low, it is impacted by three factors,environment, endocrine and genetics. The photoperiod, temperature and feeding management had significant effect on broodiness. Reproductive endocrine hormones such as GnRH, PRL, FSH, LH, P₄ and E₂ play a very important role in broodiness. The genetic mechanism is a major determinant for broodiness in poultry. The researches of candidate gene of broodiness is based on broodiness-related endocrine hormones. With the development of genome sequencing technology, a lot of new broodiness-related genes were identified by DNA sequencing. The discovery of new genes may provide an idea for the researches of molecular genetic mechanism. Until now, genetic mechanism of broodiness is not completely clear. The study on the genetic mechanism of broodiness will greatly improve the laying performance of poultry, and benefit for the protection, exploitation and utilization of the local domestic fowl breeds. The researches of environmental, endocrine and genetic in the regulation of broodiness were summarized in this paper to discuss the occurrence and regulation mechanism of broodiness in domestic fowl.

Key words: domestic fowl; broodiness; hormone; gene

中图分类号:

颜培, 廖娟, 王钢, 钱凡柯, 喻世刚. 家禽就巢性的影响因素及其内分泌调控机理研究进展[J]. 《中国畜牧兽医》, 2018, 45(1): 171-177.

YAN Pei, LIAO Juan, WANG Gang, QIAN Fanke, YU Shigang. Research Progress on Influencing Factors and Endocrine Regulation Mechanism of Broodiness in Poultry[J]. , 2018, 45(1): 171-177.

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