2014年国内、外家兔遗传育种研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2015.10.035

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 作者对2014年国内、外家兔的传统育种、分子育种和繁殖技术等方面的最新进展进行了综述,以期给家兔育种者和研究者提供参考。2014年国外家兔传统育种主要集中在不同肉兔品种性能比较,而分子育种以毛色和生产性能为主要性状,同时在家兔基因组特征高通量测序挖掘和遗传多样性分析方面也有涉及,当然,高效繁殖技术依旧是国外研究的重点,主要是精液冷冻保护剂开发和胚胎冷冻方法研究两方面。而国内传统育种研究内容重点在地方品种、培育品种种质评定以及与国外品种比较等方面,亮点是国内已经较为重视家兔配套系和现代育种软件系统开发。毛皮、生长、胴体等性状的分子育种则仍旧为国内遗传育种研究重点,繁殖相关研究较少,且方向分散,是国内繁育研究薄弱环节。总体来说,国内、外各有侧重,但中国家兔遗传育种研究特别是高效繁殖技术和生产性状分子基础方面还需进一步提高。

关键词: 2014年; 家兔; 遗传; 育种

Abstract: The latest research progress on domestic and international rabbit genetics and breeding in 2014 were reviewed in the present paper based on three aspects of traditional breeding,molecular breeding and reproductive technology,so as to provide references for rabbit breeders and researchers.At abroad,the researchers focused on the analysis of productive performance of different meat rabbit breeds in aspect of traditional breeding,on fur color and productive performance in molecular breeding,meantime rabbit genomic structures were studied by high-throughput sequencing technology.While the key point was still efficient reproductive technique in foreign breeding studies,including semen cryoprotectants development and embryo cryopreservation technology.In domestic rabbit genetic and breeding,molecular bases were still the point of importance for traits of fur,growth and carcass.Secondly,traditional breeding mainly contained evaluation and comparison of Chinese local breeds,cultivating breeds and imported breeds,meantime rabbit cross-strains and modern breeding software development have become two spot light of internal genetic and breeding field in 2014.While studies on rabbit reproduction in domestic rabbit fields were less than these of foreign countries and disperse.Overall,the genetic and breeding studies focus on partial different aspects at home and abroad.For our country,researches on efficient reproductive technology and molecular bases of productive traits should be given further emphasis.

Key words: 2014; rabbit; genetics; breeding

中图分类号:

S813

黄冬维, 赵辉玲, 程广龙, 赵小伟, 杨永新, 陈胜, 王小飞. 2014年国内、外家兔遗传育种研究进展[J]. , 2015, 42(10): 2745-2752.

HUANG Dong-wei, ZHAO Hui-ling, CHENG Guang-long, ZHAO Xiao-wei, YANG Yong-xin, CHEN Sheng, WANG Xiao-fei. Research Progress on Domestic and International Rabbit Genetics and Breeding in 2014[J]. , 2015, 42(10): 2745-2752.

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