Abstract: Oocytes develop and mature depending on the mitochondria to produce large amounts of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to maintain transcription and translation necessary for maturation.In addition,mitochondria also carry the rate-limiting effect of steroid production.Therefore,mitochondrial dysfunction often leads to adverse pregnancy outcomes.The irrational environment,oxidative stress and other adverse factors in vitro culture medium are easy to damage oocyte mitochondria,resulting in the decrease of ATP and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number,the increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS),the obstruction of spindle assembly,and the decrease of oocyte maturation rate and development potential.Studies have shown that exogenous substances such as melatonin and resveratrol can improve the mitochondrial function of oocytes and increase the maturation rate of oocytes.Although improving the quality of mitochondria can improve the production efficiency of domestic animal oocytes in vitro,the specific regulatory mechanism is still unclear.Therefore,it is necessary to investigate the mechanism of mitochondria in oocytes.The author briefly introduced the structure and function of mitochondria.Several mechanisms of mitochondrial regulation of oocyte maturation were reviewed,including signaling regulation of oocyte maturation,mtDNA and oocyte development,oocyte mitochondrial energetics and dynamics.The methods to improve oocyte mitochondria was proposed and its research prospect was prospected,aiming to provide reference for exploring the development ability of domestic animal oocytes through targeted improvement of mitochondrial function.

Key words: mitochondrion; oocyte; maturing rate; oxidative stress