China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine ›› 2021, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (12): 4488-4496.doi: 10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2021.12.017

• Animal Nutrition and Feed Science • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Research Progress on Steam Explosion Technology in Feed Utilization of Corn Straw

NIE Dechao, ZHANG Zhuo, ZHAO Chen, LI Yanling   

  1. Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
  • Revised:2021-06-17 Online:2021-12-20 Published:2021-12-02

Abstract: Corn straw is one of the most abundant lignocellulosic biomass in crop residues.It is mainly composed of cellulose, hemicellulosic and lignin through hydrogen bonds, other chemical bonds and molecular bonds to form polymer compounds with complex polymerization structure, which makes its low availability as animal feed.Steam explosion is a technology which applies steam ejection principle to pretreat biomass in explosion process.The steam explosion technology was applied to the treatment of corn straw, which could effectively separate cellulose and had obvious depolymerization effect on corn straw, which was beneficial to improve the utilization degree of corn straw as feed.In this paper, the principle and parameters of steam explosion technology were introduced, and the effects of steam explosion technology on fiber structure, chemical composition, enzymatic hydrolysis sugar production, nutrient digestibility of corn stalk and microbial attachment in rumen were reviewed.Existing studies have shown that steam explosion can make steam molecules penetrate into plant tissues, and transform internal energy into mechanical energy through instantaneous release, acting on the cell layers of biomass tissue to achieve the purpose of raw material decomposition.The content of hemicellulose and lignin can be decreased by changing the fiber structure of corn straw, and the content of cellulose can be increased.With the increase of steam blasting pressure and maintaining pressure time, the content of hemicellulose can be decreased significantly, and the increase of material moisture content will lead to the increase of cellulose content.With the increase of steam burst pressure and maintenance time, the reduction sugar yield of maize straw in vitro fermentation increased.The in vitro gas production, gas production rate, dry matter and acid detergent fibre of corn stalks were significantly increased, the digestibility and utilization rate of ruminant corn stalks were improved, the cellulose of corn stalks was fully utilized, and the nutritional value of corn stalks was improved.By destroying the surface structure of corn stalks, rumen microorganism can be attached to corn stalks, thus promoting the degradation of corn stalks.To sum up, steam explosion technology can improve the utilization rate of corn straw as feed.

Key words: steam explosion; corn straw; cellulose; hemicellulose; utilization rate

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