猪德尔塔冠状病毒感染与抗感染研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.03.030

Abstract

Abstract: Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV),a novel enteric coronavirus,primarily infects suckling piglets,causing clinical symptoms such as diarrhea,vomiting and dehydration with a morbidity rate of up to 100%.PDCoV poses a significant threat to the health of newborn piglets and has become one of the primary pathogens causing diarrhea in swine.PDCoV enters host cells through membrane fusion and receptor-mediated endocytosis,with the S protein being the major structural protein for cell entry.Aminopeptidase N and caveolin on the cell surface have been identified as critical entry sites.Additionally,aminopeptidase N is currently considered a crucial determinant of PDCoV cross-species transmission.Host cells initiate an antiviral response through the expression of interferon (IFN) genes,cholesterol metabolism,and N protein ubiquitination.PDCoV evades the host immune response by interfering with IFN expression and inducing apoptosis of infected cells through its structural,accessory and non-structural proteins.Commercial vaccines or antiviral drugs for the prevention and control of PDCoV infection are currently in the experimental or early market stages,their clinical efficacy in preventing and controlling PDCoV infection still requires market validation.In particular,the development of antiviral drugs or vaccines targeting viral replication,immune evasion,and host factors against PDCoV provides new research directions and a solid foundation for the development of novel vaccines or antiviral drugs.By elucidating the infection and anti-infection mechanisms between PDCoV and the host,and investigating the potential mechanisms of various antiviral drugs in inhibiting PDCoV infection,this review provides a reference for studying the pathogenesis of PDCoV,antiviral therapy and the development of new drugs.

Key words: Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV); pathogenicity; immune escape; antiviral mechanism

CLC Number:

S852.65⁺1

MAO Fuchao, ZHAI Chongkai, TIAN Wenjing, WANG Conghui, SONG Minjie, WANG Yingxian, ZHANG Hewei. An Updated Review of Porcine Deltacoronavirus in Terms of Infection and Anti-infection Research[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(3): 1281-1291.

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An Updated Review of Porcine Deltacoronavirus in Terms of Infection and Anti-infection Research

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