1株柯乐猪源贝莱斯芽孢杆菌的分离鉴定及生物学特性分析

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.03.044

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】 The aim of this study was to screen probiotics with excellent probiotic properties from Kele pigs feces,and to provide reference for screening candidate strains of microecological preparations for livestock and poultry.【Method】 Fresh Kele pigs feces were collected,and bile salt-tolerant strains were initially screened with 0.3% bile salt.After isolation and purification,colony morphology and 16S rDNA sequencing were used to identify the isolates.The biological characteristics of its growth,tolerance characteristics,enzyme production characteristics,drug sensitivity characteristics and animal safety were analyzed.【Result】 A strain of bile salt-tolerant Bacillus velezensis was isolated and screened,named W1.The isolate was round,milky white and opaque on LB solid medium,with a wrinkled and dry surface and untidy edges.Gram-stained microscopic examination showed positive brevibacterium,and the bacteria were short rod shaped by scanning electron microscope.The isolates entered the logarithmic phase after 4 h in LB liquid medium,and entered the stationary phase after 28 h.The survival rate was 78.44% and 86.62%,respectively,after 2% of the inoculated liquid was placed in artificial gastric fluid and artificial intestinal fluid for 1 h.The diameter of transparent circles formed by isolate in cellulase,amylase and protease screening media was (15.44±2.27),(25.11±0.69) and (29.69±1.76) mm,respectively.The results of drug sensitivity test showed that the isolate was sensitive to tetracycline,kanamycin,gentamicin,azithromycin,norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin,and was intermediate to penicillin,amoxicillin and erythromycin.The results of animal safety test showed that the mice in control and the experimental groups were in good growth condition by gavage of 0.1 mL 1×10⁹ CFU/mL isolated bacterial solution for 20 d,and no visible lesions were observed in the organs by anatomy.The average daily gain of mice in experimental group was significantly higher than that of control group (P＜0.05),and there was no significant difference in blood routine indexes between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).【Conclusion】 A strain of Bacillus velezensis with good biological characteristics was isolated and screened.It had certain tolerance to artificial gastric and intestinal fluids,produced cellulase,amylase and protease,and was not toxic to mice.It was expected to be a candidate strain for livestock and poultry microecological prearations.

Key words: Kele pigs; Bacillus velezensis; biological characteristics; microecological preparation

CLC Number:

S816.73

WU Shihui, ZHOU Guixian, WANG Minle, LIAO Yixiao, WEN Ming, YANG Ying. Isolation,Identification and Biological Characteristics of a Strain of Bacillus velezensis from Kele Pigs[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(3): 1437-1446.

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Isolation,Identification and Biological Characteristics of a Strain of Bacillus velezensis from Kele Pigs

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