不同精料补喂量对准噶尔双峰驼粪便发酵参数和菌群结构的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.03.006

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】 This experiment was aimed to investigate the effects of different concentrate supplementation levels on the fermentative parameters and microflora structure of feces flora in Junggar Bactrian camels,so as to enrich the understanding of the fermentation characteristics and microbial community in digestive tract of camels.【Method】 Thirty-six female Junggar Bactrian camels were selected and randomly divided into three groups:Grazing+supplementary roughage group (group A),and on the basis of group A,groups B and C were assigned to supplement 2 and 4 kg/d concentrate supplementation,respectively.The pre-trial period was 18 days,and the formal period was 42 days.On the 42nd day of the experiment,fecal samples were collected from female camels using the rectal sampling method.The samples were utilized for the detection and analysis of fermentation parameters,microbial diversity and community structure.【Result】 ①With the increase of concentrate supplementation,the concentrations of isobutyric acid and isovaleric acid in feces of Bactrian camels in group A were significantly higher than those in groups B and C (P＜0.05),while the concentration of valeric acid and acetic acid/propionic acid in group A were significantly lower than those in group C (P＜0.05).②The Chao1 and Observed species indexes in group A were significantly higher than those in group C (P＜0.05),but concentrate supplementation had no significant effect on the other indexes (P＞0.05).③At the phylum level,the top 3 of fecal flora in Bactrian camels among 3 groups were Firmicutes,Bacteroidetes and Verrucomicrobia,respectively.The relative abundance of Bacteroidetes in feces of Bactrian camels in group A was significantly lower than that in groups B and C (P＜0.05),while the relative abundance of Microsporidia of glycolysis was significantly higher than that in groups B and C (P＜0.05).The relative abundance of Actinobacteria in feces of Bactrian camels in groups A and B was significantly higher than that in group C (P＜0.05).④At the family level,the top 3 of fecal flora in Bactrian camels among 3 groups were Ruminococcaceae,Lachnospiraceae and Bacteroidaceae,respectively.The relative abundance of Bacteroidaceae in feces of Bactrian camels in group A was significantly higher than that in group C (P＜0.05),while the relative abundance of Rikenellaceae was significantly lower than that in groups B and C (P＜0.05).⑤At the genus level,the top 3 of fecal flora in Bactrian camels among 3 groups were Akkermansia, Oscillospira and Ruminococcus,respectively.The relative abundance of Ruminococcus in feces of Bactrian camels in group A was significantly higher than that in groups B and C (P＜0.05),while the relative abundance of Clostridium was significantly lower than that in groups B and C (P＜0.05).⑥When supplementing with concentrate,the relative abundance of certain bacterial communities in feces of Bactrian camels showed a significant correlation with the volatile fatty acid concentration,and these changed as the amount of concentrate added increasing. ⑦There were 7 metabolic pathways were detected in fecal flora in Bactrian camels among 3 groups.【Conclusion】 Under the conditions of this experiment,different amounts of concentrate supplement significantly affected the fermentation parameters and microbial abundance in feces of Junggar Bactrian camels,and altered the structure of the microbial community.The results had enriched the understanding of fecal flora structure in camels.

Key words: Junggar Bactrian camels; concentrate supplementation; feces; fermentative parameters; microflora structure

CLC Number:

S824

LI Zhiwei, XIE Xinjie, SHEN Yusong, WANG Hui, XU Ming, ZANG Changjiang, YANG Kailun, LI Fengming. Effects of Different Concentrate Supplementation Levels on Fecal Fermentative Parameters and Microflora Structure of Junggar Bactrian Camels[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(3): 1033-1044.

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Effects of Different Concentrate Supplementation Levels on Fecal Fermentative Parameters and Microflora Structure of Junggar Bactrian Camels

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