冬季不同建筑类型奶牛舍内外气载微生物的比较研究

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2016.02.033

›› 2016, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (2): 513-519.doi: 10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2016.02.033

冬季不同建筑类型奶牛舍内外气载微生物的比较研究

张亮^1,2, 高玉红¹, 李宏双¹, 邱殿锐³, 郭建军³, 吴广军³, 陈伟³

1. 河北农业大学动物科技学院, 保定 071001;
2. 张家口市张北农牧局, 张家口 076450;
3. 承德市畜牧研究所, 承德 067000

收稿日期:2015-09-22 出版日期:2016-02-20 发布日期:2016-03-02
通讯作者: 高玉红 E-mail:gyhsxs0209@126.com
作者简介:张亮(1971-),男,河北张家口人,高级畜牧师,研究方向:畜禽生产,E-mail:1345944625@qq.com
基金资助:
河北省现代农业产业技术体系奶牛产业创新团队建设专项资金;规模化奶牛场环境控制关键技术与示范(20141309)

Comparative Study of Indoor and Outdoor Airborne Microorganism of Different Styles of Cowsheds in Winter

ZHANG Liang^1,2, GAO Yu-hong¹, LI Hong-shuang¹, QIU Dian-rui³, GUO Jian-jun³, WU Guang-jun³, CHEN Wei³

1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, China;
2. Bureau of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry of Zhangbei Zhangjiakou, Zhangjiakou 076450, China;
3. Animal Husbandry Research Institute of Chengde, Chengde 067000, China

Received:2015-09-22 Online:2016-02-20 Published:2016-03-02

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本研究旨在比较冬季不同建筑类型奶牛舍内外气载细菌和真菌的含量变化.选择3种建筑类型的奶牛舍,对舍内、运动场、净道、凉棚及场外上风向和下风向5和50 m处的气载微生物进行同期采样分析.结果显示,不同建筑类型奶牛舍内微生物含量不同,气载细菌的含量变化为1 540~10 487 CFU/m³,只设顶棚的棚舍细菌含量最高;气载真菌的含量变化为169~731 CFU/m³,卷帘舍的真菌含量最高,且所有舍晚上的细菌和真菌含量均高于早上和中午.从舍内外微生物的空间分布得出,舍内或运动场的细菌含量高于净道,场外下风向处的细菌含量高于上风向处,但真菌的空间分布变化不明显.本研究结果可为奶牛舍环境的改善和奶牛疾病预防提供参考.

关键词: 奶牛; 环境; 细菌; 真菌; 畜舍

Abstract: The present objective of the study was to investigate the concentrations of indoor and outdoor and airborne fungi of three styles of dairy cowsheds in winter.The sampled sites included the shed,exercise yard,net road,sunshade,5 or 50 m distance upwind or downwind outside each dairy farm.The results showed that the indoor microorganism concentration varied from the shed styles.The concentrations of airborne bacteria ranged from 1 540 to 10 487 CFU/m³ in all three sheds,and among all sheds,the bacteria concentration in the shed with only roof was the highest.The concentrations of airborne fungi ranged from 169 to 731 CFU/m³ in all sheds,and the fungi concentration in the shed with curtain was the highest.Moreover,both bacteria and fungi concentrations in the evening were higher than that at noon and in the morning.From the spatial distribution of indoor and outdoor microorganisms,the bacteria concentrations in the sheds or at the exercise yard were higher than that at the net road in each farm,and the bacteria concentration in downwind was higher than in upwind,while the spatial distribution of fungi showed no significant difference among all sampled sites.The research results would provide some references for improving environment of cowshed and preventing from diseases.

Key words: dairy cow; environment; bacteria; fungi; shed

中图分类号:

S858.23

张亮, 高玉红, 李宏双, 邱殿锐, 郭建军, 吴广军, 陈伟. 冬季不同建筑类型奶牛舍内外气载微生物的比较研究[J]. , 2016, 43(2): 513-519.

ZHANG Liang, GAO Yu-hong, LI Hong-shuang, QIU Dian-rui, GUO Jian-jun, WU Guang-jun, CHEN Wei. Comparative Study of Indoor and Outdoor Airborne Microorganism of Different Styles of Cowsheds in Winter[J]. , 2016, 43(2): 513-519.

参考文献

[1] Dungan R S.Fate and transport of bioaerosols associated with livestock operations and manures[J].J Anim Sci,2010,88:3693-3706.
[2] Visciano P,Pomilio F,Tofalo R,et al.Detection of ethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in dairy cow farms[J].Food Control,2014,46:532-538.
[3] 李基棕,高颖,杜海燕,等.规模化养猪场环境细菌的调查与分析[J].中国畜牧兽医,2010,37(8):199-202.
[4] 高敏,贾瑞志,仇天雷,等.畜禽养殖中逸散生物气溶胶特征的研究进展[J].生态与农村环境学报,2015,31(1):12-21.
[5] 梅玮,祁巨中,刘英玉,等.新疆北疆地区某集约化肉牛养殖场春季环境指标评价[J].中国畜牧兽医,2015,42(7):1738-1746.
[6] Cambra-López M,Aarnink A J,Zhao Y,et al.Airborne particulate matter from livestock production systems:A review of an air pollution problem[J]. Environ Pollu,2010,158:1-17.
[7] Matkovic K,Vucemilo M,Vinkovic B,et al.Airborne fungi in a dairy barn with emphasis on microclimate and emissions[J].Veterinarski Arhiv,2009,79(3):207-218.
[8] Schartz J.Is there harvesting in the association of airborne particles with daily deaths and hospital admissions[J].Epidemiology,2001,12:55-61.
[9] 柴同杰,张绍学,Wolfgang Mueller.乳牛舍内外环境空气中需氧菌、厌氧菌以及产气荚膜杆菌[J].中国兽医学报,1999,19(6):612-615.
[10] 段会勇,朱永红,梁岩.牛舍内微生物气溶胶含量检测[J].中国草食家畜,2013,33(3):47-50.
[11] 刘敬博,柴同杰,苗增民,等.奶牛舍环境中气载微生物含量的检测[J].西北农林科技大学学报,2010,38(5):56-60.
[12] Dungan R S,Leytem A B,Bjorneberg D L.Concentrations of airborne endotoxin and microorganisms at a 10,000-cow open-freestall dairy[J].J Anim Sci,2011,89(10):3300-3309.
[13] Joo H S,Ndegwa P M,Heber A J,et al.Particulate matter dynamics in naturally ventilated freestall dairy barns[J].Atmos Environ,2013,69:182-190.
[14] Silvana P,Cristin B,Diugan E A.Microbiological air quality in tie-stall dairy barns and some factors that influence it[J].Afr J Agr Res,2011,6(32):6726-6734.
[15] 金兰梅,伍清林,吕丽珍,等.不同乳牛舍环境空气中细菌含量的比较研究[J].中国畜牧兽医,2010,37(12):131-135.
[16] Popescu S,Borda C,Hegedus I C,et al.Airborne bacteria in free-stall dairy barns[A].Proceedings of the XVth International Congress of the International Society for Animal Hygiene.Animal Hygiene and Sustainable Livestock Production[C].Vienna,Austria:2011.
[17] 高玉红,曹玉凤,于海川,等.不同类型肉牛舍内外空气中细菌含量的比较研究[J].家畜生态学报,2013,34(2):49-52.
[18] 钟召兵,王宁.养殖环境细菌微生物气溶胶粒径分布及其健康危害评价[J].中国动物检疫,2014,31(11):101-105.
[19] Duchaine C,Meriaux A,Brochu G,et al.Airborne microflora in Quebec dairy farms:Back effect of bacterial hay preservatives[J].Am Ind Hyg Assoc J,1999,60:89-95.
[20] Matković K,Vučemilo M,Vinković B,et al.Qualitative structure of airborne bacteria and fungi in dairy barn and nearby environment[J]. Czech J Anim Sci,2007,52(8):249-254.
[21] Wathes C M.Air and Surface Hygiene[M].In:Wathes C M,Charles D R (eds).Livestock Housing,CAB International,Wallingford,USA,1994.
[22] Westeel V,Julien S,De Champs C,et al.Relationships of immunoglobulins E and G sensitization to respiratory function in dairy farmers[J].Eur Respir J,2000,16:886-892.
[23] Hansen A,Bi P,Nitschke M,et al.Particulate air pollution and cardiorespiratory hospital admissions in a temperate Australian city:A case-crossover analysis[J].Sci Total Environ,2012,416:48-52.
[24] Yi O,Hong Y C,Kim H.Seasonal effect of PM10 concentrations on mortality and morbidity in Seoul,Korea:A temperature-matched case-crossover analysis[J].Environ Res,2010,110:89-95.
[25] Tong Y,Lighthart B.The annual bacteria particle size concentration and size distribution in the ambient atmosphere in a rural area of the Willamette Valley,Oregon[J].Aerosol Sci Technol,2000,32:393-403.
[26] Dungan R S,Leytem A B,Verwey S A,et al.Assessment of bioaerosols at a concentrated dairy operation[J].Aerobiologia,2010,26:171-184.
[27] Chi M C,Li C S,Fluorochrome in monitoring atmospheric bioaerosols and correlations with meteorological factors and air pollutants[J].Aerosol Sci Technol,2007,41:672-678.

冬季不同建筑类型奶牛舍内外气载微生物的比较研究

Comparative Study of Indoor and Outdoor Airborne Microorganism of Different Styles of Cowsheds in Winter

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	李晓宇, 李若愚, 王晓, 王丽丽, 李纪彬, 李淑英, 徐永平. 丝状噬菌体对宿主菌适应性影响的研究进展[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(6): 2496-2506.
[2]	樊艺萌, 魏媛媛, 王惠茹, 尕玉, 张艳楠, 赵卿宇, 郝智慧. 基于网络药理学与分子对接探究中兽药复方乳康颗粒治疗奶牛乳房炎的作用机制[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(6): 2507-2517.
[3]	赵乾明, 齐萌, 徐泽立, 公丕宏, 卢晨阳, 裴志阳, 菅复春, 王建东, 井波, 宁长申. 规模舍饲羊场羊消化道及环境寄生虫情况调查[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(5): 2156-2165.
[4]	胡红莲, 李超, 陈利青, 宋利文, 赵濛, 张剑霞, 王典, 高民. β-胡萝卜素对奶牛泌乳高峰期产乳性能及血常规指标、血清生化和免疫指标的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(4): 1375-1384.
[5]	刘鑫煜, 崔强, 张兰欣, 范佺荣, 李政忆, 高瑞峰. 基于网络药理学和分子对接探究诃子鞣酸防治奶牛子宫内膜炎的作用机制[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(4): 1632-1641.
[6]	李丹, 张海森, 王逸群, 高登科, 赵泓淙, 李超, 靳亚平, 陈华涛. 奶牛CRY1基因真核表达载体构建、生物信息学分析及组织表达谱研究[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(3): 870-881.
[7]	孔维怡, 王菲菲, 岳康, 秦俊杰, 朱浩, 郭延生. 基于UPLC-MS/MS代谢组学技术分析归芪益母口服液对产后奶牛血浆代谢物的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(3): 913-923.
[8]	钟华晨, 王丽芳, 郭晨阳, 刘嘉琳, 宋洁. 内蒙古地区乳房炎奶样与环境中细菌的分离鉴定及耐药性分析[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(2): 817-826.
[9]	贺越, 王辉, 陈睿鹏, 余志雪, 唐湘方, 呙于明, 熊本海. 光学和电化学生物传感器对奶牛重要疾病诊断的研究进展[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(2): 827-837.
[10]	张笑科, 廖伟莉, 李婷婷, 李瑶, 李加琪, 黄翔, 张豪. 采精员和猪舍环境参数对杜洛克公猪精液品质的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(1): 220-229.
[11]	付琪, 余厚默, 张海亮, 许静漪, 胡羽飏, 段禹交, 周月玲, 黄思琪, 张亚一, 郭刚, 俞英, 王雅春. 荷斯坦奶牛牛嘴宽度影响因素分析及遗传参数估计[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(1): 230-237.
[12]	孙愉, 张昊, 李畅洋, 陶燕子, 王秋菊. 牛源抗氧化芽孢杆菌的分离鉴定及生物特性研究[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(1): 359-367.
[13]	董婉玉, 张聚民, 卞苏舒, 周莹珊, 杜静, 于浩然, 仲伟, 宋厚辉, 王晓杜. 杭州规模化猪场两种通风模式下育肥舍内环境因子的比较分析[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(1): 421-428.
[14]	纪皓楠, 高清, 常瑶, 张海亮, 吴宏军, 柴河, 俞英, 王雅春. 荷斯坦牛泌乳速度指标影响因素分析[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2022, 49(9): 3475-3483.
[15]	任泽恒, 皮雪磊, 夏安然, 孙悦, 胡昌辉, 任桂萍. 抗犬细小病毒纳米抗体的制备及其中和活性鉴定[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2022, 49(9): 3539-3548.