微生物菌剂对羊粪堆肥发酵效果的研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.02.045

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 随着全球畜牧业的快速发展，畜禽粪污产生量逐年增加，如何对粪污进行高效资源化利用显得尤为重要。在饲料化、能源化、沼气发酵等众多粪污处理方法中，堆肥过程被认为是将畜禽粪便中的有机物分解成优质、无害的有机肥产品的最佳处理方式，对于推动农业可持续发展和生态环境保护具有重要意义。然而，传统的自然堆肥方式往往存在着发酵周期长且发酵不彻底的缺陷，限制了发酵效率和效果。因此，文章分析了现代堆肥技术引入外源微生物为辅助手段的创新举措，这不仅显著提高了畜禽粪便发酵效率，也提高了最终产品质量，为畜禽粪污资源化利用开辟了新的路径。文章围绕微生物菌剂在羊粪堆肥发酵过程中的影响进行综述，回顾了国内外学者在堆肥中添加外源微生物菌剂对堆体菌群丰度、多样性的影响，以及对堆体理化性质的改善。进一步分析了施用微生物发酵羊粪对土壤理化因素和农作物品质的影响，展示了微生物菌剂在农业可持续发展中的重要作用。此外，也对微生物菌剂在未来粪污资源化利用中的发展方向进行了展望，旨在为农业的可持续发展提供科学依据。

关键词: 羊粪; 微生物菌剂; 堆肥; 腐熟

Abstract: With the rapid development of the global livestock industry,the amount of livestock and poultry manure generated has increased annually,making the efficient utilization of this manure particularly important.Among the various manure treatment methods,such as feed conversion,energy production,and biogas fermentation,the composting process is considered the most effective method for decomposing organic matter in livestock and poultry manure into high-quality,harmless organic fertilizer,which is essential in promoting sustainable agricultural development and environmental protection.However,traditional composting methods often encounter issues such as prolonged fermentation cycles and incomplete decomposition,which limit both fermentation efficiency and effectiveness.Therefore,this paper analyzes the innovative approach of modern composting technology that employs exogenous microorganisms as an auxiliary method.This approach not only significantly enhances the fermentation efficiency of livestock and poultry manure but also improves the quality of the final product,thus opening new pathways for the resourceful utilization of this manure.The article reviews the impact of microbial agents in sheep manure composting,specifically examining the effects of exogenous microbial agents on the abundance and diversity of compost flora,as well as their influence on the enhancement of compost’s physicochemical properties,drawing on studies conducted by scholars both domestically and internationally.The effects of applying microbially fermented sheep manure on soil physicochemical properties and crop quality are further examined,highlighting the significant role of microbial agents in sustainable agricultural development.Additionally,this paper foresees the future development of microbial agents in the resourceful utilization of manure,aiming to provide a scientific basis for the sustainable development of agriculture.

Key words: sheep manure; microbial agents; composting; humification

中图分类号:

S141.4

何小龙, 申琦, 鲍国升, 王家豪, 江艇, 易唤明, 程箫, 陈家宏, 任春环, 张子军, 王强军. 微生物菌剂对羊粪堆肥发酵效果的研究进展[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2025, 52(2): 966-976.

HE Xiaolong, SHEN Qi, BAO Guosheng, WANG Jiahao, JIANG Ting, YI Huanming, CHENG Xiao, CHEN Jiahong, REN Chunhuan, ZHANG Zijun, WANG Qiangjun. Research Progress on the Fermentation Effect of Microbial Agents on Sheep Manure Compost[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(2): 966-976.

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