犬牙周病的临床研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2023.02.041

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 牙周病(periodontal disease,PD)是由细菌在牙齿表面聚集形成的牙菌斑和牙结石逐渐侵蚀牙周组织,引发周围组织炎症的一类疾病。根据疾病的发展进程,可分为齿龈炎与牙周炎2个阶段。在小动物临床疾病中牙周病尤为常见,世界范围内约有80%的成年犬患有该病。由于饲主对于犬的口腔保健意识薄弱且该疾病隐秘性较高,患犬就诊时往往已出现牙周支持组织不可逆的损伤,细菌及其毒力因子通过血液循环进入全身从而引发系统性疾病的风险大大提高。但目前犬牙周病的核心致病菌属、菌群失调的原因与发病机制尚不明确。因此,笔者基于高通量测序方法的病原学研究结果,分析与疾病发展相关的微生物群。同时,整合目前世界通用的最新犬牙周病临床诊断分级标准及犬牙周病的中西医防治方案,分析犬牙周病与全身系统性疾病之间的相关性,系统综述犬牙周病在国内外小动物临床领域的研究进展,以期为该类疾病的临床诊疗提供理论参考,推进兽医师在临床实践中更高效地开展该类疾病的诊疗工作,并为犬牙周病相关的临床研究提供思路。

关键词: 犬牙周病; 牙菌斑; 卟啉单胞菌属; 高通量测序

Abstract: Periodontal disease is a kind of disease in which plaque and calculus formed by bacteria on the surface of teeth gradually erode the periodontal tissue and cause inflammation of surrounding tissues.According to the development process of the disease,it can be divided into two stages:Gingivitis and periodontitis.Periodontal disease is particularly common in small animal clinical diseases.About 80% of mature dogs worldwide suffer from periodontal disease.Due to the weak awareness of pet owners on oral health care and the disease is highly seretive irreversible damage of periodontal supporting tissue often occurs when dogs are treated,and the risk of systemic diseases caused by bacteria and their virulence factors entering the whole body through blood circulation is greatly increased.However, the core pathogenic bacterium of canine periodontal disease,the cause of imbalance in the flora and the pathogenesis of the canine periodontal disease is unclear.This paper reviewed the research progress of the canine periodontal disease in the small animal clinical field at hoem and abroad by compiling the microbiota most relevant to canine periodontal disease based on high-throughput sequencing methods,integrating the latest clinical diagnostic classification criteria for canine periodontal disease,comparing and analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of Chinese and Western medicine for the prevention and treatment of canine periodontal disease,and analyzing the relationship between canine periodontal disease and systemic diseases.We hope to provide a theoretical reference for the clinical treatment of this disease,to promote veterinarians to carry out the treatment of this disease more efficiently in clinical practice,and to provide ideas for clinical research related to canine periodontal disease.

Key words: canine periodontal disease; dental plaque; Porphyromonas; high-throughput sequencing

中图分类号:

S829.2

宋珮嘉, 金艺鹏, 林德贵, 林珈好. 犬牙周病的临床研究进展[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(2): 838-845.

SONG Peijia, JIN Yipeng, LIN Degui, LIN Jiahao. Clinical Research Progress on Canine Periodontal Diseases[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2023, 50(2): 838-845.

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