木薯产品营养成分的分析与比较研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本试验对3种木薯产品及玉米对照样品的主要营养成分包括粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、粗纤维、粗灰分、无氮浸出物、总淀粉、支链淀粉、直链淀粉、氨基酸、非淀粉多糖、矿物质的含量及其体外干物质和淀粉消化率、淀粉颗粒特征等指标进行了比较研究。结果表明，与玉米对照相比，木薯产品粗蛋白质和氨基酸含量较低，蛋白质品质低劣；木薯粒粗脂肪、粗纤维、粗灰分含量均显著高于玉米（P<0.05）；木薯渣无氮浸出物含量显著低于木薯干（P<0.05），而粗灰分和粗纤维含量均显著高于木薯干和玉米（P<0.05）；木薯干和木薯粒的总淀粉含量与玉米相当，但直链淀粉/支链淀粉比值显著低于玉米（P<0.05），木薯渣中抗性淀粉含量显著高于其他木薯产品和玉米对照（P<0.05），玉米淀粉粒形态为不规则多面体，而木薯淀粉粒形态似球形；木薯产品中钙、钾、铁和锰的含量均显著高于玉米（P<0.05），而磷和锌的含量均显著低于玉米（P<0.05）；玉米中可溶性非淀粉多糖（SNSP）含量显著低于3种木薯产品，且木薯渣中SNSP含量显著高于木薯干和木薯粒（P<0.05）；木薯渣中不溶性非淀粉多糖含量显著高于木薯干和木薯粒（P<0.05），且其不溶性半乳糖的含量显著高于其他木薯产品及玉米（P<0.05）；木薯粒干物质和淀粉消化率均显著高于木薯干、木薯渣和玉米（P<0.05），木薯渣干物质和淀粉消化率均显著低于玉米和木薯干（P<0.05）。本研究结果对木薯产品在饲料中的应用有一定的指导意义。

关键词: 木薯; 玉米; 营养成分; 比较研究

Abstract: The nutritional ingredients,including crude protein (CP),ether extract (EE),crude fiber (CF),crude ash,nitrogen free extract (NFE),total starch,amylopectine,amylase,amino acid (AA),non-starch polosaccharides (NSP) and minerals content of three kinds of cassava products (CPS) and corn control,and in vitro dry matter (DM) and starch digestibility,and starch profiles were studied.The results showed that CP and AA of the CPS were lower than that of corn,and the quality of its CP was poor.Cassava pellets (CE) had higher EE,crude ash and CF (P<0.05).Cassava residue (CR) was lower at NFE than that of cassava chips (CC) (P<0.05),but the CF and crude ash of it were higher than those of CC and corn (P<0.05).The total starch content was similar among CC,CE and corn,and the amylose/amylopectin of CPS was lower than that of corn (P<0.05).The resistant starch of CR was higher than that of others (P<0.05).The starch granule shape of corn was irregular polyhedron and cassava starch granule shape was a ball.The Ca, K, Fe and Mn of CPS was higher than those of corn,and reverse case for the P and Zn (P<0.05).Corn was lower at SNSP than that of CPS,and SNSP of CR was higher than that of CC and CE (P<0.05).Insoluble NSP of CR was higher than that of CC and CE(P<0.05),and insoluble galactose was higher than that of others (P<0.05).DM and starch digestibility of CE was higher than that of others (P<0.05),and DM and starch digestibility of CR was lower than that of CC and corn (P<0.05).The evaluation results have certain guiding significance for the future application of cassava products in feed industry.

Key words: cassava; corn; nutrients; comparative study

中图分类号:

S816

唐德富, Iji P, Choct M, 汝应俊, 宋淑玉, Clarke K L. 木薯产品营养成分的分析与比较研究[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2014, 41(9): 74-80.

TANG De-fu, Iji P, Choct M, RU Ying-jun, SONG Shu-yu, Clarke K L. Comparative Study and Analysis on Nutrients of Cassava Products[J]. , 2014, 41(9): 74-80.

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