不同规格短须裂腹鱼肌肉营养成分差异分析

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2024.03.021

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】本研究旨在探究不同规格短须裂腹鱼(Schizothorax wangchiachii)的营养价值差异。【方法】选取大规格短须裂腹鱼3尾(体重为425.27 g±14.99 g)和小规格短须裂腹鱼15尾(体重为72.63 g±11.31 g)。取背部肌肉(其中小规格短须裂腹鱼随机每5尾混为一个样本),测定水分、粗灰分、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪含量;使用氨基酸自动分析仪测定氨基酸的组成和含量;使用气相色谱仪测定脂肪酸的组成和含量;采用氨基酸评分(AAS)、化学评分(CS)和必需氨基酸指数(EAAI)进行必需氨基酸营养评价。【结果】两种规格短须裂腹鱼肌肉水分和灰分含量无显著差异(P＞0.05),大规格组鱼肌肉中粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、氨基酸总含量(ΣTAA)、必需氨基酸总含量(ΣEAA)和鲜味氨基酸总含量(ΣDAA)显著低于小规格组鱼(P＜0.05)。两种规格短须裂腹鱼肌肉蛋白质ΣEAA/ΣTAA的值分别为0.41和0.42,都大于0.4;ΣEAA/非必需氨基酸总量(ΣNEAA)的值分别为0.71和0.72,都大于0.6。蛋氨酸+胱氨酸是两种规格短须裂腹鱼的第一限制性氨基酸,其次为缬氨酸。小规格组鱼肌肉中饱和脂肪酸总量和单不饱和脂肪酸总量显著低于大规格组鱼(P＜0.05),但多不饱和脂肪酸总量以及EPA+DHA、ω-3、ω-6等脂肪酸含量显著高于大规格组鱼(P＜0.05)。【结论】从粗蛋白质和粗脂肪含量、必需氨基酸营养评价、脂肪酸的营养价值等方面来看,小规格短须裂腹鱼的营养价值更高。

关键词: 短须裂腹鱼; 营养成分; 差异分析

Abstract: 【Objective】 The aim of this study was to explore the difference of nutritional value of Schizothorax wangchiachii(S. wangchiachii) with different sizes.【Method】 Three S. wangchiachii of large size (425.27 g±14.99 g) and 15 S. wangchiachii of small size (72.63 g±11.31 g) were selected.The back muscles (Among them,S. wangchiachii of small size randomly mixed into one sample every 5) were taken to measure moisture content,crude ash content,crude protein,and crude fat content.The composition and content of amino acids were determined by automatic amino acid analyzer,and the composition and content of fatty acids were determined by gas chromatograph.Essential amino acid nutrition was evaluated by amino acid score (AAS),chemical score (CS) and essential amino acid index (EAAI).【Result】 There were no significant differences in moisture and crude ash contents in muscle in S. wangchiachii of different sizes (P＞0.05),and the contents of crude protein,crude fat,total amino acid content(ΣTAA),total essential amino acid content(ΣEAA),and total fresh amino acid content(ΣDAA) in the muscle of the fish in large size group were significantly lower than those of small size group (P＜0.05).The values of ΣEAA/ΣTAA in fish muscle protein of two different sizes were 0.41 and 0.42,respectively,both greater than 0.4.The values of ΣEAA/ total non essential amino acids (ΣNEAA) were 0.71 and 0.72,respectively,both greater than 0.6.Methionine + cystine was the first limiting amino acid in muscle of two different sizes of S. wangchiachii,followed by valine.The contents of saturated fatty acids and monounsaturated fatty acids in small size group were significantly lower than those in large size group (P＜0.05),but the contents of polyunsaturated fatty acids,EPA+DHA,ω-3,ω-6 fatty acids in small size group were significantly higher than those in large size group (P＜0.05).【Conclusion】 From the contents of crude protein and crude fat,nutritional evaluation of essential amino acids and nutritional value of fatty acids,small size S. wangchiachii had higher nutritional value than those of large size fish.

Key words: Schizothorax wangchiachii; nutrient composition; difference analysis

中图分类号:

S963.16⁺1

路珂, 马宝珊, 霍斌, 褚志鹏, 徐滨, 朱祥云. 不同规格短须裂腹鱼肌肉营养成分差异分析[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2024, 51(3): 1094-1102.

LU Ke, MA Baoshan, HUO Bin, CHU Zhipeng, XU Bin, ZHU Xiangyun. Analysis on the Difference of Nutrient Composition in Muscle of Schizothorax wangchiachii with Different Sizes[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2024, 51(3): 1094-1102.

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