关键词: 品种; 遗传资源; 保种方案; 遗传检测

Abstract: The given paper detail introduced the results of several times investigations on animal breeds resources in China since 80’s last century, and described the changes of breed resources during last 30 years. Data list the names of 576 animal breeds, including horse, donkey, cattle, yak, buffalo, sheep and goat, chicken, duck and goose etc. as main varieties, and camel, rabbit, deer, mink, raccoon, and bee as others. Among them 426 were local, 73 were developed and 77 are exotics, until right now 19 breeds were distinguished and 37 of them were critical. The given paper reviews the research progress on genetic resources by application of testing measures on genetic biodiversities, including physical, cell, protein and molecular levels. The results show that multilevel analysis on resources could reflect the comprehensive picture of the characters of a breed. The emphasis was put on influences of selection intensiveness of breed, also on necessity of thorough plan in resources investigation, through combining the physical specificities and exterior as main contents with genetic analysis the way of conservation and development of certain breeds could be workable. Researchers demonstrated that Cryopreservation of embryos and gametes, and conservation of DNA molecules would be the prospect methods for breed’s conservation. Joining the enterprises into breed conservation would be the future orientation and government must take a focal point and long term project in breed resources researches.

Key words: breeds; gene resources; conservation plan; genetic test