噬菌体裂解酶在畜禽生产中的应用研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2024.01.036

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 畜禽生产中抗生素的长期、大量不规范使用，导致细菌耐药性问题日益严重，给畜禽细菌性疾病的预防和治疗带来极大困难，甚至已经威胁到公共卫生安全。噬菌体裂解酶是噬菌体编码的一种肽聚糖水解酶，能够高效、特异地杀灭细菌且具有抗生物被膜活性，已经成为一种新型抗菌药物，逐渐被纳入细菌尤其是耐药菌感染的治疗策略。畜禽生产中，噬菌体裂解酶已经成功应用于金黄色葡萄球菌、链球菌等革兰阳性菌引起的畜禽细菌性疾病的防控与治疗中，其在大肠杆菌、沙门菌等革兰阴性菌上的应用尚处于体外研究阶段。笔者对噬菌体裂解酶的结构特点、作用机制及其在畜禽生产中的应用进行综述，探究噬菌体裂解酶在畜禽生产中的应用现状及前景，以期为噬菌体裂解酶更进一步地应用于防控和治疗细菌性疾病提供参考。

关键词: 噬菌体; 裂解酶; 畜禽生产; 细菌性疾病

Abstract: The long-term and large-scale irregular use of antibiotics in livestock and poultry production has led to the increasingly serious problem of bacterial resistance, which has brought great difficulties to the prevention and treatment of bacterial diseases in livestock and poultry, and even threatened public health security. Phage lysin is a peptidoglycan hydrolase encoded by phage, which can kill bacteria efficiently and specifically and has anti-biofilm activity.It has become a new antibacterial agent and has been included in the treatment strategy of bacterial infection, especially drug-resistant bacterial infection.In livestock and poultry production, phage lysin has been successfully used in the prevention and treatment of bacterial diseases caused by Gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus, while the application of phage lysin on Gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella is still in the in vitro research stage.In this paper, the structural characteristics, mechanism of action and application of phage lysin in livestock and poultry production were reviewed, and the application status and prospect of phage lysin in livestock and poultry production were explored, in order to provide reference for further application of phage lysin in prevention and control and treatment of bacterial diseases.

Key words: phage; lysin; livestock and poultry production; bacterial diseases

中图分类号:

S855.1

刘成, 常钦源, 范国庆, 王志伟, 王丽静, 丁宁宁, 路建彪, 司振书, 李玉保. 噬菌体裂解酶在畜禽生产中的应用研究进展[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2024, 51(1): 357-364.

LIU Cheng, CHANG Qinyuan, FAN Guoqing, WANG Zhiwei, WANG Lijing, DING Ningning, LU Jianbiao, SI Zhenshu, LI Yubao. Research Progress on the Application of Phage Lysin in Livestock and Poultry Production[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2024, 51(1): 357-364.

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