猪肌纤维性状形成和肌内脂肪沉积的遗传机制

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2021.03.016

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 近年来，通过改变肌纤维性状和肌内脂肪含量改善猪肌肉品质成为科学家们研究的热点。肌纤维性状形成和肌内脂肪沉积是内因与外因共同作用的结果。作者对猪肌纤维性状形成和和肌内脂肪沉积的遗传机制进行了综述，以期寻求调控及改善猪肌肉品质的方法。猪肌纤维性状形成和肌内脂肪沉积的遗传机制非常复杂，受基因、转录因子及信号通路的复杂网络调控。猪肌纤维的生长发育主要受生肌决定因子（myogenic determinant，MyoD）基因家族和肌肉生长抑制素（myostatin，MSTN）基因一正一负协同调控。能量感应网络AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α在猪肌纤维类型转化中起重要作用。脂肪沉积相关基因的表达量与猪肌内脂肪沉积有密切关系。随着分子生物技术的不断发展，许多与肌纤维性状形成和肌内脂肪沉积的相关基因已被鉴定出来，有助于进一步揭示猪肌纤维性状形成和肌内脂肪沉积的遗传机制。

关键词: 猪; 肌纤维性状; 肌内脂肪沉积; 遗传机制

Abstract: In recent years,the improvement of pig muscle quality by changing muscle fiber properties and intramuscular fat content has become a hot research topic among scientists.The formation of muscle fiber property and the deposition of intramuscular fat are the result of the interaction of internal and external fact.In this paper,the genetic mechanism of muscle fiber property formation and intramuscular fat deposition in pigs was reviewed in order to find ways to control and improve pork muscle quality.The genetic mechanism of pig muscle fiber property formation and intramuscular fat deposition is very complex,regulated by the complex network of genes,transcription factors and signal pathways.The growth and development of pig muscle fibers are mainly regulated by myogenic determinant (MyoD) gene family and myostatin (MSTN) gene.AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α energy sensing network plays an important role in the transformation of pig muscle fiber types.The expression of genes related to fat deposition is closely related to intramuscular fat deposition.With the development of molecular biotechnology,many genes related to muscle fiber property formation and intramuscular fat deposition have been identified,which is helpful to reveal the genetic mechanism of muscle fiber property formation and intramuscular fat deposition in pigs.

Key words: pig; muscle fiber property; intramuscular fat deposition; genetic mechanism

中图分类号:

S828

欧秀琼, 李睿, 张晓春, 钟正泽, 解华东, 李星, 布丽君, 景绍红, 彭鸿. 猪肌纤维性状形成和肌内脂肪沉积的遗传机制[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2021, 48(3): 925-931.

OU Xiuqiong, LI Rui, ZHANG Xiaochun, ZHONG Zhengze, XIE Huadong, LI Xing, BU Lijun, JING Shaohong, PENG Hong. Genetic Mechanism of Pig Muscle Fiber Property Formation and Intramuscular Fat Deposition[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2021, 48(3): 925-931.

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