猪精原干细胞体外分离培养及移植的研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2020.08.021

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 精原干细胞（spermatogonial stem cells，SSCs）位于睾丸曲细精管基底小室内，因其具有持续的自我更新能力和分化为精子的能力，被认为是雄性哺乳动物体内唯一能将自身遗传物质传递给后代的成体干细胞。对SSCs的研究已成为干细胞学科研究的热点之一，但目前SSCs的研究多集中于啮齿类动物，而猪SSCs（porcine SSCs，pSSCs）的研究进展相对落后，主要是由于存在以下几个问题：睾丸中pSSCs本身数量极少，且缺乏特异的分子标记；pSSCs的分离纯化技术仍不成熟；pSSCs体外培养体系仍不够完善。这些问题的存在导致pSSCs分离纯化效率低，并且难以在体外长期稳定培养及传代，以至于pSSCs的相关机理研究缺乏稳定的材料，为其体外研究及应用带来了不便。基于以上现状，文章总结了pSSCs体外分离培养及移植的研究进展，详细介绍了pSSCs的分子标记、分离纯化和体外培养的相关方法，以及pSSCs移植技术的研究现状，旨在为pSSCs研究提供参考，以期加快pSSCs在猪的遗传育种与繁殖领域以及男性生殖医学领域的研究和应用。

关键词: 猪; 精原干细胞; 分子标记; 分离纯化; 培养; 移植

Abstract: Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) are located on the basement membrane of seminiferous tubules in the testis.Due to the abilities of self-renewal and differentiation into sperm,SSCs are the only adult stem cell in male mammals which can transmit genetic information to the next generation.Studies of SSCs also have become one of the hot topics in stem cell research.However,at present,the studies of SSCs mostly focus on rodents while the research progress of porcine SSCs (pSSCs) is relatively slow,which is largely due to the slow progress on isolation,purification,and in vitro culture technology as well as molecular marker identification of pSSCs.The main problems include:Extremely low amount of pSSCs in the testis,lack of specific molecular markers of pSSCs;unestablished techniques of in vitro isolation,purification,and culture of pSSCs;imperfect in vitro culture system of pSSCs.These problems lead to the low efficiency of pSSCs isolation and purification,failure for long-term culture and passage in vitro,which in turn results in lack of pSSCs materials for related mechanism research,and inconvenience of their in vitro study as well as application.In this review,we briefly summarize the research progress of pSSCs,including the molecular markers,the methods of in vitro isolation,purification,and cultivation,as well as transplantation technology,so as to provide theoretical references for pSSC study,accelerating the study and application of pSSCs in the fields of pig genetics,breeding and reproduction as well as male reproductive medicine.

Key words: pigs; spermatogonial stem cells; molecular marker; isolation and purification; culture; transplantation

中图分类号:

S859.79⁺7

张明睿, 刘志国, 王冰源. 猪精原干细胞体外分离培养及移植的研究进展[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2020, 47(8): 2528-2535.

ZHANG Mingrui, LIU Zhiguo, WANG Bingyuan. Research Progress on in Vitro Isolation,Culture and Transplantation of Porcine Spermatogonial Stem Cells[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2020, 47(8): 2528-2535.

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