蒸汽压片技术及其在畜禽生产中的应用

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2015.04.024

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 蒸汽压片技术起源于美国,最初应用于反刍动物养殖中.蒸汽压片技术是一种谷物加工方法,谷物经过蒸汽调质、辊式压轧和干燥冷却等过程制成片状谷物,通过加工过程中的各种物理、化学作用,提高谷物中淀粉和其他化学成分的可消化性,增加营养物质与消化道消化液的接触面积,并在一定程度上改变其消化位点,从而增加动物对谷物的消化和吸收率.因此,蒸汽压片技术可以改善谷物的营养价值,提高动物对谷物的利用效率,减少饲料浪费和环境污染.作者综述了蒸汽压片技术的工艺流程、参数和评价指标,以及蒸汽压片处理对谷物营养成分的影响及其在畜禽生产中的应用.

关键词: 蒸汽压片; 工艺流程; 谷物; 畜禽生产

Abstract: Steam-flaked technology originated in the United States, the initial application in ruminant production. Steam-flaked technology is a method of grain processing, which grain has been made into flake after a series of processing such as steam hardening and tempering, roller press rolling and cooling. By a variety of effect of physical and chemical in the process of processing, the digestibility of starch and other chemical composition was improved, the contact area of nutrients and digestive tract digestive juices was increased, and the digestive site was changed to a certain extend. Thus, it could increase the animal digestion and absorption rate of grain. As a consequence, the steam-flaked technology could improve feeding value of grain, increase the efficiency of animals used for grain and induce feed waste and environmental pollution. In the article, the technological process of steam-flaked, the influence of steam-flaked on grain nutrients and its application in livestock and poultry production have been reviewed.

Key words: steam-flaked; technological process; grains; livestock and poultry production

中图分类号:

S816.34

张亚伟, 孟庆翔, 李德勇, 任丽萍. 蒸汽压片技术及其在畜禽生产中的应用[J]. , 2015, 42(4): 929-935.

ZHANG Ya-wei, MENG Qing-xiang, LI De-yong, REN Li-ping. Steam-flaked Technology and its Application in Livestock and Poultry Production[J]. , 2015, 42(4): 929-935.

参考文献

[1] 辛杭书,许曾曾,张跃文,等.蒸汽压片技术对玉米营养价值及奶牛饲用效果的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2006,42(10):57-60.
[2] 王桂瑛,毛华明,文际坤.蒸汽压片玉米工艺参数的研究[J].饲料工业,2005,3:6-8.
[3] 夏吉庆,王德福.高水分玉米热风加热压片的试验研究[J].中国饲料,2008,22:22-24.
[4] Zinn R A.Influence of flake density on the comparative feeding value of steam-flaked corn for feedlot cattle[J].Journal of Animal Science,1990,68(3):767-775.
[5] Zinn R A,Barreras A,Corona L,et al.Comparative effects of processing methods on the feeding value of maize in feedlot cattle[J].Nutrition Research Reviews,2011,24(2):183-190.
[6] Ponce C H,Domby E M,Anele U Y,et al.Effects of bulk density of steam-flaked corn in diets containing wet corn gluten feed on feedlot cattle performance,carcass characteristics,apparent total tract digestibility,and ruminal fermentation[J].Journal of Animal Science,2013,91(7):3400-3407.
[7] Hales K E,McMeniman J P,Leibovich J,et al.Effects of varying bulk densities of steam-flaked corn and dietary roughage concentration on in vitro fermentation,performance,carcass quality,and acid-base balance measurements in finishing steers[J].Journal of Animal Science,2010,88(3):1135-1147.
[8] Nocek J E,Tamminga S.Site of digestion of starch in the gastrointestinal tract of dairy cows and its effect on milk yield and composition[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1991,74(10):3598-3629.
[9] Holm J,Lundquist I,Björck I,et al.Degree of starch gelatinization,digestion rate of starch in vitro,and metabolic response in rats[J].The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition,1988,47(6):1010-1016.
[10] 丁健.蒸汽压片提高谷物淀粉营养价值的机制及添加瘤胃调控剂改善肉羊生产性能的效果[D].北京:中国农业大学,2009.
[11] Hales K E,Cole N A,Galyean M L,et al.Nutrient concentrations and proportions in particle size fractions of corn steam flaked to different bulk densities[J].Professional Animal Scientist,2010,26(5):511-519.
[12] Ferraretto L F,Crump P M,Shaver R D.Effect of cereal grain type and corn grain harvesting and processing methods on intake,digestion,and milk production by dairy cows through a meta-analysis[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2013,96(1):533-550.
[13] Zinn R A,Alverez E G,Montano M,et al.Influence of dry-rolling and tempering agent addition during the steam-flaking of sorghum grain on its feeding value for feedlot cattle[J].Journal of Animal Science,2008,86(4):916-922.
[14] Palizdar M H,Mohammadian-Tabrizi H R,Pourelmi M R,et al.Effect of using steam flaked and extruded corn grain in total mixed ration on in vitro rumen fermentation kinetics and gas production[J].Research Opinions in Animal and Veterinary Sciences,2014,4(2):101-106.
[15] Satter L D.Protein supply from undegraded dietary protein[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1986,69(10):2734-2749.
[16] 魏曼琳.蒸汽压片玉米对瘤胃发酵和肉牛生长及胴体品质的影响[D].北京:中国农业大学,2006.
[17] 李瑞景.蒸汽压片玉米对肉牛生长性能和肉品质的影响[D].保定:河北农业大学,2011.
[18] DiLorenzo N,Smith D R,Quinn M J,et al.Effects of grain processing and supplementation with exogenous amylase on nutrient digestibility in feedlot diets[J].Livestock Science,2011,137(1-3):178-184.
[19] Erjayi K,Zali A,Ganjkhanloo M,et al.Effect of wheat processing and dietary lipid source on performance and fatty acids profile in steak of Holstein male calves[J].Iranian Journal of Animal Science,2012,43(2):219-228.
[20] Erjaei K,Zali A,Ganjkhanloo M,et al.Effects of wheat processing and dietary fat sources on performance,ruminal and blood parameters,and steak fatty acids profile of Holstein steers[J].Livestock Science,2012,149(1-2):74-82.
[21] 刘萍,孟庆翔,解祥学,等.蒸汽压片玉米及膨化大豆对奶公犊生长和屠宰性能的影响[J].中国农业大学学报,2013,18(2):124-129.
[22] 张元庆,孟庆翔,任丽萍,等.开食料玉米和全脂大豆的加工方式与犊牛瘤胃酶系发育关系的比较研究[J].动物营养学报,2011,23(5):740-747.
[23] Xie X X,Meng Q X,Liu P,et al.Effects of a mixture of steam-flaked corn and extruded soybeans on performance,ruminal development,ruminal fermentation,and intestinal absorptive capability in veal calves[J].Journal of Animal Science,2013,91(9):4315-4321.
[24] Mirghaffari S S,Karkoodi K,Mirza-Aghazadeh A,et al.Effects of different methods of wheat grain processing on skeletal growth,blood metabolites,feed consumption and digestion in neonatal Holstein calves[J].Research Opinions in Animal and Veterinary Sciences,2012,2(2):78-86.
[25] Lesmeister K E,Heinrichs A J.Effects of maize processing on growth characteristics,rumen development,and rumen parameters in neonatal dairy calves[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2004,87(10):3439-3450.
[26] Zhong R Z,Li J G,Gao Y X,et al.Effects of substitution of different levels of steam-flaked corn for finely ground corn on lactation and digestion in early lactation dairy cows[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2008,91(10):3931-3937.
[27] Tagari H,Webb K,Theurer B,et al.Mammary uptake,portal-drained visceral flux,and hepatic metabolism of free and peptide-bound amino acids in cows fed steam-flaked or dry-rolled sorghum grain diets[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2008,91(2):679-697.
[28] 冷静,刘鸿,朱仁俊,等.蒸汽压片玉米、烟酸和蛋氨酸锌对泌乳早期奶牛产奶量及乳成分的影响[J].中国饲料,2010,20:19-22.
[29] 戴辉,任丽萍,孟庆翔.玉米蒸汽压片和活性酵母添加对奶牛产奶性能及血液指标的影响[J].中国农业大学学报,2010,15(1):50-54.
[30] 陈涛.蒸汽压片玉米对奶牛生产性能和氮磷排放的影响[D].保定:河北农业大学,2009.
[31] May M L,Quinn M J,Reinhardt C D,et al.Effects of dry-rolled or steam-flaked corn finishing diets with or without twenty-five percent dried distillers grains on ruminal fermentation and apparent total tract digestion[J].Journal of Animal Science,2009,87(11):3630-3638.
[32] Plascencia A,Bermudez R M,Cervantes M,et al.Influence of processing method on comparative digestion of white corn versus conventional steam-flaked yellow dent corn in finishing diets for feedlot cattle[J].Journal of Animal Science,2011,89(1):136-141.
[33] Buttrey E K,Cole N A,Jenkins K H,et al.Effects of twenty percent corn wet distillers grains plus solubles in steam-flaked and dry-rolled corn-based finishing diets on heifer performance,carcass characteristics,and manure characteristics[J].Journal of Animal Science,2012,90(13):5086-5098.
[34] Hales K E,Cole N A,MacDonald J C.Effects of corn processing method and dietary inclusion of wet distillers grains with solubles on energy metabolism,carbon-nitrogen balance,and methane emissions of cattle[J].Journal of Animal Science,2012,90(9):3174-3185.
[35] 郑代君.饲喂蒸汽压片玉米的羔羊生长性能、胴体品质和胃肠道淀粉消化功能调控[D].北京:中国农业大学,2009.
[36] 王洪亮.加工方法对玉米饲喂绵羊营养价值的影响[D].哈尔滨:东北农业大学,2006.
[37] Matras J,Bartle S J,Preston R L.Nitrogen-utilization in growing lambs-effects of grain (starch) and protein-sources with various rates of ruminal degradation[J].Journal of Animal Science,1991,69(1):339-347.
[38] Orskov E R.Starch digestion and utilization in ruminants[J].Journal of Animal Science,1986,63(5):1624-1633.
[39] Lawlor P G,Lynch P B,Caffrey P J,et al.Effect of cooking wheat and maize on the performance of newly weaned pigs-1.Age and weight at weaning[J].Animal Science,2003,76(2):251-261.
[40] 李忠荣,简勇军,陈立伟,等.不同加工处理玉米对断奶仔猪生长性能的影响[J].畜牧与兽医,2010,12:45-47.
[41] 王磊,刘凤菊,呙于明.蒸汽压片对玉米在肉仔鸡的养分生物学效价的影响[J].中国饲料,2011,5:9-13.
[42] 李桂冠.饲喂蒸汽压片玉米饲粮对产蛋鸡体外盲肠发酵、产蛋性能和蛋品质的影响[D].北京:中国农业大学,2009.