乌梅-全蝎双药方对气单胞菌混合感染大口黑鲈的治疗效果分析

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2023.03.040

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】了解和掌握嗜水气单胞菌(Aeromonas hydrophila,Ah)、温和气单胞菌(Aeromonas sobria,As)、维氏气单胞菌(Aeromonas veronii,Av)混合感染大口黑鲈的致病性并筛选出防治气单胞菌感染的有效中药,为气单胞菌混合感染的防治提供理论依据。【方法】将Ah、As和Av通过腹腔注射健康大口黑鲈,构建3种气单胞菌单独感染和混合感染大口黑鲈的动物模型,通过脏器系数、组织病理切片和死亡率等分析气单胞菌混合感染的致病性;通过体外抑菌试验从37味中药中筛选对气单胞菌具有抑制效果的敏感中药,利用网络药理学解析乌梅-全蝎双药方在体内发挥抗菌作用的关键活性成分和作用靶点,并通过药浴试验分析其对气单胞菌混合感染大口黑鲈的治疗效果。【结果】3种气单胞菌混合感染对大口黑鲈的致病性高于单独感染,Ah能造成最严重的脏器损伤、炎症和最高的死亡率,As次之,Av最弱。中药乌梅和全蝎对Ah、As和Av在体外均具有显著抑制效果,二者联用时抑菌效果增强。网络药理学分析发现,乌梅-全蝎双药方的活性成分和细菌感染的交集作用靶点共180个,其中肿瘤蛋白53(tumor protein 53,TP53)、AKT丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶(AKT serine/threonine kinase 1,AKT1)等11个靶点是乌梅-全蝎双药方治疗细菌感染潜在的关键靶点;乌梅-全蝎双药方能显著减轻气单胞菌混合感染产生的临床症状、肝脏与肠道的炎症及细胞的坏死,使气单胞菌混合感染的大口黑鲈的死亡率下降了66.7%,具有良好的治疗效果。【结论】Ah、As和Av混合感染大口黑鲈较单独感染具有更强的致病性,乌梅-全蝎双药方能显著提高气单胞菌混合感染大口黑鲈的成活率。本试验结果可为气单胞菌混合感染的致病机制及精准防控研究提供理论依据。

关键词: 乌梅; 全蝎; 大口黑鲈; 气单胞菌; 网络药理学

Abstract: 【Objective】 The aim of this study was to understand and master the pathogenicity of mixed infection of Micropterus salmoides with Aeromonas hydrophila (Ah),Aeromonas sobria (As) and Aeromonas veronii (Av),and screen out effective Chinese medicine for prevention and treatment of Aeromonas infection,so as to provide theoretical basis for prevention and treatment of mixed infection of Aeromonas.【Method】 Ah,As and Av were injected intraperitoneally into healthy Micropterus salmoides to establish the animal model of Micropterus salmoides infected by three Aeromonas alone and co-infected.The pathogenicity of Aeromonas co-infection was analyzed by organ index,histopathological section and mortality rate.The traditional Chinese medicines with inhibitory effect on Aeromonas in vitro was screened from 37 traditional Chinese medicines,and the key active ingredients and action targets of Fructus Mume-Scorpion double prescription in vivo were analyzed by network pharmacology.The therapeutic effect of Fructus Mume-Scorpion double prescription on Micropterus salmoides co-infected with three Aeromonas species was verified by medicinal bath method.【Result】 The pathogenicity of co-infection with three Aeromonas species on Micropterus salmoides was higher than that of infection alone.When infected alone,Ah caused the most severe organ damage,inflammation,and the highest mortality,followed by As and Av.Fructus Mume-Scorpion double prescription had significant inhibitory effect on Aeromonas in vitro,the antibacterial effect of the combination of Fructus Mume-Scorpion double prescription was stronger than that of single use.Through the analysis of network pharmacology,it was found that there were 180 common targets of action of Fructus Mume-Scorpion double prescription and bacterial infection,11 common targets such as tumor protein 53 (TP53),AKT serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (AKT1) and so on which were potential key targets in the treatment of bacterial infection with Fructus Mume-Scorpion double prescription.The results of medicine bath experiment showed that Fructus Mume-Scorpion double prescription could significantly reduce the clinical symptoms,liver and intestinal inflammation and cell necrosis caused by three Aeromonas species co-infection,and the mortality rate of Micropterus salmoides co-infected with three Aeromonas species was decreased by 66.7%,which had a good therapeutic effect.【Conclusion】 The research indicated that the pathogenicity of Micropterus salmoides co-infection with three Aeromonas species was higher than that of single infection.Fructus Mume-Scorpion double prescription could significantly improve the survival rate of Micropterus salmoides co-infected with three Aeromonas species,the results provided a theoretical basis for the study of pathogenic mechanism and prevention and control measures of Aeromonas co-infection.

Key words: Fructus Mume; scorpion; Micropterus salmoides; Aeromonas; network pharmacology

中图分类号:

S853.74

侯天牧, 项维, 王玲玲, 郭忠宝, 吴利军, 张付贤. 乌梅-全蝎双药方对气单胞菌混合感染大口黑鲈的治疗效果分析[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(3): 1259-1270.

HOU Tianmu, XIANG Wei, WANG Lingling, GUO Zhongbao, WU Lijun, ZHANG Fuxian. Effect of Fructus Mume-Scorpion Double Prescription on Micropterus salmoides Co-infected with Aeromonas[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2023, 50(3): 1259-1270.

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