牦牛与其他家牛属动物SRY基因多态性及其父系进化关系分析

中国畜牧兽医

牦牛与其他家牛属动物SRY基因多态性及其父系进化关系分析

蔡欣，赵芳芳，孙磊

(西南科技大学生命科学与工程学院, 四川绵阳 621010)

收稿日期:2013-10-08 出版日期:2014-05-20 发布日期:2014-06-25
作者简介:蔡欣(1972—），男，甘肃人，博士，副教授，硕士生导师，研究方向：动物遗传学。
基金资助:
中国博士后科学基金(20090461336)；中国博士后科学基金特别资助(201003703)。

Analysis of SRY Gene Polymorphisms and Patrilineal Phylogenetic Relationships for Bos grunniens and other Bos species

CAI Xin, ZHAO Fang-fang, SUN Lei

(School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China)

Received:2013-10-08 Online:2014-05-20 Published:2014-06-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为分析牦牛与其他家牛属动物SRY基因多态性及其父系进化关系，从5个麦洼牦牛个体基因组DNA扩增克隆SRY基因，同时从GenBank检索家牛属物种及野牛的SRY基因序列，分析家牛属物种在SRY基因的多态性及其SRY蛋白中HMG-box区域基因序列的变异特征，并基于SRY基因序列构建家牛属物种间的父系系统进化树及其网络中介图，分析进化关系。家牛属物种编码SRY蛋白N、C两端氨基酸(HMG-box侧翼)基因序列的错义突变率(0.57)显著低于编码HMG-box区域基因序列的错义突变率(0.69)，推测家牛属物种间在SRY基因进化过程中的正选择同时作用于编码HMG-box及其侧翼区的基因序列；相对水牛和牦牛，欧洲野牛与黄牛的亲缘关系更近，此结果从父系侧面支持现存的黄牛牛种由已经灭绝的野牛或原牛驯化而来的观点；牦牛可能有2个或多个父系祖先；非洲水牛和江河水牛与其他牛种之间在SRY基因存在较多变异导致明显的分歧进化，也支持可划分为沼泽型和江河型2个亚种的论断。所以，家牛属物种间在SRY基因具有特殊的变异特征，物种间的父系进化关系分析结果支持前人论断。

关键词:

牦牛; 家牛属动物; SRYmso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">基因; 变异特征; 父系进化关系

Abstract: In order to analyze SRY gene polymorphisms and patrilineal phylogenetic relationships for Bos grunniens and other Bos species, SRY gene were amplified and cloned from genomic DNA of five Maiwa yaks, and SRY gene sequences of other Bos species and Bison bonasus were retrieved from GenBank. Polymorphism analyses were performed to examine the variations of SRY gene and the sequences encoding HMG-box among Bos species. The phylogenetic tree and Median-Joining network of Bos species were constructed based on SRY gene sequences, exhibiting the patrilineal phylogenetic relationships for Bos species. The nonsynonymous mutation rate of gene sequences encoding N and C terminals of SRY (flanking HMG-box) (0.57) was significantly lower than that encoding HMG-box (0.69).We deduced that positive selection might have imposed both on gene sequences encoding HMG-box and their flanking regions. Compared with Bubalus bubalis and Bos grunniens, Bison bonasus were more closely related to Bos taurus, which supported the view from a pateilineal aspect that extant cattle species originated from extinct auroch and Bos primigenius. Bos grunnies might have two or more patrilineal origins. Syncerus caffer and Bubalus bubalis showed distinct variations in SRY gene which led to divergent evolution, and phylogenetic analyses supported the sub-species classification of these buffaloes. Therefore, Bos species exhibited specific variation features in SRY gene and the patrilineal phylogenetic analysis supported the viewpoints from previous studies.

Key words:

Bos grunniens; Bos species; SRY gene; features of variations; patrilineal phylogenetic relationships

蔡欣，赵芳芳，孙磊. 牦牛与其他家牛属动物SRY基因多态性及其父系进化关系分析[J]. 中国畜牧兽医.

CAI Xin, ZHAO Fang-fang, SUN Lei. Analysis of SRY Gene Polymorphisms and Patrilineal Phylogenetic Relationships for Bos grunniens and other Bos species[J]. .

参考文献

1 王晓霞, 吕雪梅, 张亚平. SRY基因在人猿超科和旧大陆猴中具有不同的进化规律［J］. 遗传学报, 2000, 27(10): 847～852.
2 白文林, 马芳, 尹荣焕, 等. 内蒙古绒山羊SRY基因HMG-box 的分子特征分析［J］. 西北农林科技大学学报, 2009, 37(7): 44～50.
3 孙蕾,赵英丽. 哺乳动物SRY基因研究进展［J］. 中国畜牧兽医, 2008, 35(2): 35～37.
4 张亮, 邹方东,陈三, 等. 林麝及马麝SRY基因片段克隆及其在系统进化分析中的应用［J］. 动物学研究, 2004, 25(4): 334～340.
5 苟潇, 王永奇, 杨舒黎, 等. 从mtDNA和SRY基因多态揭示云南大额牛杂交起源［J］. 中国农业大学学报, 2009, 14(1): 31～37.
6 蔡欣, 陈宏, 雷初朝, 等. 中国三个牛种Cyt b基因多态性及其系统发育研究［J］. 西北农林科技大学学报, 2007, 35(2): 43～46.
7 Cai X, Chen H, Lei C Z, et al. mtDNA diversity and genetic lineages of eighteen cattle breeds from Bos taurus and Bos indicus in China ［J］. Genetica, 2007, 131（2）: 175～183.
8 Cai X, Chen H, Lei C Z. Matrilineal genetic inter-introgression of Bos taurus and Bos indicus in China［J］. Livest Sci, 2010, 128（1～3）:12～19.
9 Epstein H, Mason I L. In evolution of domesticated animals［M］. Longman：New York, 1984.
10 Guo S, Savolainen P, Su J, et al. Origin of mitochondrial DNA diversity of domestic yaks ［J］. BMC Evol Biol, 2006, 22（6）: 73.
11 Kikkawa Y, Takada T, Nomura K, et al. Phylogenies using mtDNA and SRY provide evidence for male-mediated int rogression in Asian domestic cattle ［J］. Animal Genetics, 2003, 34（2）: 96～101.
12 Kumar S, Nagarajan M, Sandhu J S, et al. Mitochondrial DNA analyses of Indian water buffalo support a distinct genetic origin of river and swamp buffalo ［J］. Anim Genet, 2007, 38（3）: 227～232.
13 Lai S J, Chen S Y, Liu Y P, et al. Mitochondrial DNA sequence diversity and origin of Chinese domestic yak ［J］. Anim Genet, 2007, 38（1）: 77～80.
14 Lei C Z, Chen H, Zhang H C, et al. Origin and phylogeographical structure of Chinese cattle ［J］. Anim Genet, 2006, 37（6）: 579～582.
15 Lei C Z, Zhang W, Chen H, et al. Independent maternal origin of Chinese swamp buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) ［J］. Anim Genet, 2007, 38（2）: 87～92.
16 Nijman I J, van Boxtel D C J, van Cann L M, et al. Phylogeny of Y-chromosomes from bovine species ［J］. Cladistics, 2008, 24（5）: 723～726.
17 Pamilo P, Rachel J. Evolution of the SRY genes ［J］. Mol Biol Evol, 1997, 14（1）: 49～55.
18 Payne W J A. Domestication: A forward step in civilization. In: Cattle Genetic Resourses［M］. Hickman ed. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1991.
19 Qi X B, Han J L, Wang G, et al. Assessment of cattle genetic introgression into domestic yak populations using mitochondrial and microsatellite DNA markers ［J］. Anim Genet, 2010, 41（3）: 242～252.
20 Wang Z F, Shen X, Liu B, et al. Phylogeographical analyses of domestic and wild yaks based on mitochondrial DNA: New data and reappraisal ［J］. J Biogeogr, 2010, 37（12）: 2332～2344.

[1]	刘益丽，江明锋，江伟华，林忠荔，蔡自建，张林，朱小翌，任洪辉，李建波. 麦洼牦牛全泌乳期乳中矿物质元素变化规律研究[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2014, 41(6): 112-116.
[2]	海棠，黄金龙，赵一萍，韩海格，萨如拉，芒来. 蒙古家马和蒙古野马线粒体细胞色素b基因遗传多样性及系统进化分析[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2014, 41(6): 162-167.
[3]	田佳，周卫东，马晓燕，郑文新，高维明，迪拉热?沙塔尔，左晓佳，师帅，张蓉银，刘武军. 新疆阿勒泰羊钙蛋白酶抑制蛋白基因多态性与嫩度的关联性分析[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2014, 41(6): 177-181.