畜禽粪臭素的产生、代谢及其体外降解研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.06.018

中国畜牧兽医 ›› 2025, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (6): 2650-2661.doi: 10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.06.018

畜禽粪臭素的产生、代谢及其体外降解研究进展

林衍之^1,2, 邓盾², 马现永², 余苗², 卢钰升³, 宋敏², 江青艳¹

1. 华南农业大学动物科学学院, 广东省动物营养调控重点实验室, 广州 510640;
2. 广东省农业科学院动物科学研究所, 猪禽种业全国重点实验室, 农业农村部华南动物营养与饲料重点实验室, 广东省畜禽育种与营养研究重点实验室, 广东省畜禽肉品质量安全控制与评定工程技术研究中心, 广州 510640;
3. 广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所, 广州 510640

收稿日期:2024-09-20 发布日期:2025-05-27
通讯作者: 宋敏, 江青艳 E-mail:songmin@gdaas.cn;qyjiang@scau.edu.cn
作者简介:林衍之，E-mail：uiui.so@163.com。
基金资助:
广东省农业科学院低碳农业与碳中和研究中心(XTXM202204)；广州市科技计划项目(2023B03J1368)；广东省动物育种与营养重点实验室开放项目(2022SZ04)；国家自然科学基金项目(32302835)；广东省猪跨县集群产业园区(茂名市)(GDSCYY2022-002)；猪禽种业全国重点实验室项目(2023QZ-NK09、ZQQZ-03、GDNKY-ZQQZ-K2)；广东省清远市清城区现代农业产业园项目

Advances in Production and in vitro Degradation of Skatole in Livestock and Poultry

LIN Yanzhi^1,2, DENG Dun², MA Xianyong², YU Miao², LU Yusheng³, SONG Min², JIANG Qingyan¹

1. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China;
2. Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affirs, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Meat Quality and Safety Control and Evaluation, Guangzhou 510640, China;
3. Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China

Received:2024-09-20 Published:2025-05-27

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 近年来，随着集约化畜牧业的发展，畜禽养殖过程中造成的臭气污染已成为制约畜牧业绿色可持续发展的瓶颈问题。粪臭素是体内色氨酸经后肠厌氧微生物作用产生的吲哚类物质，其嗅觉阈值浓度低，具有强烈的粪臭味，是畜禽粪便排放的主要恶臭化合物之一。研究表明，粪臭素的产生具有时间-空间效应，与肠道微生物组成密切相关。粪臭素不仅对畜禽健康产生负面影响，还影响肉品品质，且对人类健康存在潜在威胁。在粪臭素的体外降解方面，非生物降解法如光催化降解、臭氧氧化和Fenton反应展现了一定的降解效率，但存在局限性。相比之下，微生物降解法因其环境友好性和高效性而显示出更大的应用前景。目前已筛选出多种具有粪臭素降解能力的菌株，包括假单胞菌、红球菌和不动杆菌等，它们通过不同的生化途径将粪臭素转化为较低毒性或无毒性的物质。然而，粪臭素的微生物降解机制目前仍不完全清楚，且在实际应用中仍面临挑战。未来的研究需聚焦于筛选更高效的粪臭素降解菌株、解析降解微生物的作用机制，以及深入研究肠道中产生粪臭素的微生物种类及其影响因素，以推动畜禽养殖业的绿色可持续发展。

关键词: 畜禽粪污; 粪臭素; 微生物降解

Abstract: In recent years,the development of intensive animal husbandry has led to odor pollution caused by livestock breeding,which has become a significant bottleneck problem hindering the green and sustainable development of animal industry.Skatole is an indole substance produced from tryptophan through anaerobic microorganisms in the posterior intestine.It has a low olfactory threshold concentration and emits a strong fecal odor,making it one of the primary odor compounds released from livestock and poultry feces.Research indicated that skatole production exhibited temporal-spatial effects and was closely associated with intestinal microbial composition.Skatole not only negatively impacts the health of livestock and poultry but also affects meat quality,posing potential threats to human health.Non-biological degradation methods such as photocatalytic degradation,ozonation,and the Fenton reaction have demonstrated certain efficiency in vitro.However,their application scope is limited compared to microbial degradation due to environmental concerns and lower efficacy rates.Currently,various strains capable of degrading skatole have been screened including Pseudomonas,Rhodococcus,Acinetobacter,etc.,which convert skatole into less toxic or non-toxic substances through different biochemical pathways.Nevertheless,the complete understanding of microbial degradation mechanisms for skatole remains elusive while practical applications still encounter challenges.Future research should focus on screening more efficient skatole-degrading strains along with analyzing the mechanism employed by degrading microorganisms.Furthermore,studying the types of gut microbiota responsible for producing skatole,as well as their influencing factors,will contribute to the promotion of environmentally friendly practices within the livestock and poultry industry.

Key words: livestock and poultry waste; skatole; microbial degradation

中图分类号:

S815.9

林衍之, 邓盾, 马现永, 余苗, 卢钰升, 宋敏, 江青艳. 畜禽粪臭素的产生、代谢及其体外降解研究进展[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2025, 52(6): 2650-2661.

LIN Yanzhi, DENG Dun, MA Xianyong, YU Miao, LU Yusheng, SONG Min, JIANG Qingyan. Advances in Production and in vitro Degradation of Skatole in Livestock and Poultry[J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(6): 2650-2661.

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畜禽粪臭素的产生、代谢及其体外降解研究进展

Advances in Production and in vitro Degradation of Skatole in Livestock and Poultry

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