儿茶提取物对猪流行性腹泻病毒感染幼龄仔猪结肠的保护作用

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.03.037

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】以7日龄仔猪为研究对象，探究儿茶提取物(TCE)对猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)感染幼龄仔猪结肠的保护效果及机制。【方法】将体重相近的18头幼龄仔猪随机分为3组：对照组、PEDV组和TCE＋PEDV组，每组6头猪。试验周期11 d，0～3 d为适应期，4～11 d为试验期。试验期对照组和PEDV组仔猪灌服人工奶，TCE＋PEDV组仔猪灌服含有TCE (0.01 g/kg BW)的人工奶；试验第8天PEDV组及TCE＋PEDV组仔猪灌服3 mL 10⁶ TCID₅₀/0.1 mL PEDV，对照组仔猪灌服3 mL DMEM培养基。试验第11天将所有仔猪麻醉后屠宰，采集仔猪结肠组织，测定TCE对PEDV感染仔猪结肠形态结构、抗氧化能力、炎性因子及离子通道相关基因表达的影响。【结果】与对照组相比，PEDV组仔猪结肠组织形态受损，隐窝深度显著增加(P＜0.05)；灌服TCE可有效缓解PEDV感染导致的仔猪结肠损伤，与PEDV组相比，TCE＋PEDV组仔猪结肠隐窝深度显著变浅(P＜0.05)。与对照组相比，PEDV感染组仔猪结肠中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性显著升高(P＜0.05)；与PEDV组相比，TCE＋PEDV组仔猪结肠GSH-Px、总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、髓过氧化物酶(MPO)活性均无显著变化(P＞0.05)。PEDV感染后可检测到仔猪结肠组织内PEDV M、N、S基因表达，且干扰素(IFN)信号通路相关基因ISG15、IRF7，炎性因子基因IL-1β、IL-8、REG3G及离子通道相关基因AQP10、APOB及MMP13表达量均显著上调(P＜0.05)，IFN-β基因表达量显著下调(P＜0.05)；与PEDV组相比，TCE＋PEDV组仔猪结肠中PEDV M、N、S基因及ISG15、IL-1β、IL-8、REG3G、IRF7、APOB、MMP9基因表达量均显著下调(P＜0.05)，IFN-β基因表达量显著上调(P＜0.05)。【结论】PEDV感染导致幼龄仔猪结肠组织黏膜损伤，灌服0.01 g/kg BW的TCE可缓解PEDV感染导致的结肠组织受损。

关键词: 猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV); 儿茶提取物; 结肠; 炎症反应

Abstract: 【Objective】 A pilot study was conducted to investigate the protective effect and mechanism of catechu extract (TCE) on the colon of young piglets infected with Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) using 7-day-old piglets.【Method】 Eighteen young piglets of similar body weight were randomly divided into three groups:Control group,PEDV group and TCE＋PEDV group,with six pigs in each group.The experimental period lasted for 11 days,with the initial adaptation period spanning from 0 to 3 days and the subsequent formal experimental period extending from 4 to 11 days.In the formal experimental period,piglets in control and PEDV groups were fed with artificial milk,and piglets in TCE＋PEDV group were fed with artificial milk and TCE (0.01 g/kg BW).The study involved the feeding of 3 mL of 10⁶ TCID₅₀/0.1 mL PEDV to piglets in both the PEDV and TCE＋PEDV groups on the 8th day.The same volume of DMEM was administered to piglets in control group.On the 11th day,all piglets were anesthetized and slaughtered,and colon tissues were collected to determine the effects of TCE on the colonic morphology and structure,antioxidant capacity,inflammatory factors,and ion channel related gene expression of piglets infected with PEDV.【Result】 Compared with control group,the colon tissue morphology of piglets in PEDV group was damaged,and the crypt depth was significantly increased (P＜0.05).Oral administration of TCE could effectively alleviate colonic damage in piglets caused by PEDV infection.Compared with PEDV group,the colon crypt depth of piglets in TCE＋PEDV group was significantly shallower (P＜0.05).Compared with control group,the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in colon of piglets infected with PEDV was significantly increased (P＜0.05).Compared with PEDV group,the activities of GSH-Px,total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD),catalase (CAT) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) in colon of piglets in TCE＋PEDV group showed no significant changes (P>0.05).After PEDV infection,PEDV M,N and S genes expression could be detected in colon tissues of piglets,and the expression of interferon (IFN) signaling pathway related genes ISG15 and IRF7,inflammatory factor genes IL-1β,IL-8,REG3G,and ion channel related genes AQP10,APOB and MMP13 were significantly upregulated (P＜0.05),while the expression of IFN-β gene was significantly downregulated (P＜0.05).Compared with PEDV group,the expression of PEDV M,N,S genes,and ISG15, IL-1β, IL-8,REG3G,IRF7,APOB and MMP9 genes in colon of piglets in TCE＋PEDV group were significantly downregulated (P＜0.05),while the expression level of IFN-β gene was significantly up-regulated (P＜0.05).【Conclusion】 PEDV infection caused mucosal damage in colon tissue of young piglets,which could be alleviated by feeding 0.01 g/kg BW of TCE.

Key words: Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV); catechu extract; colon; inflammatory response

中图分类号:

S852.65⁺1

李欢欢, 余晨敏, 田晓榕, 李瑞, 李宗云, 张焱焱, 赵迪, 王蕾, 侯永清, 吴涛. 儿茶提取物对猪流行性腹泻病毒感染幼龄仔猪结肠的保护作用[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2025, 52(3): 1360-1369.

LI Huanhuan, YU Chenmin, TIAN Xiaorong, LI Rui, LI Zongyun, ZHANG Yanyan, ZHAO Di, WANG Lei, HOU Yongqing, WU Tao. Protective Effect of Catechu Extract on the Colon of Young Piglets Infected with Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(3): 1360-1369.

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