猪非典型性瘟病毒研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2023.12.029

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 猪非典型性瘟病毒(Atypical porcine pestivirus,APPV)是一种近年来新发现的瘟病毒属病毒,对全球养猪业造成了重大损失。APPV被认为是引起仔猪先天性A-Ⅱ型震颤的病原,可导致仔猪全身肌肉震颤,影响进食,进而因饥饿而死亡。APPV于2015年在美国首次被发现,主要集中分布在美洲、西欧、东亚地区,现已在中国多个省市被发现。目前已开发出多种诸如PCR和血清学技术检测APPV感染的方法。虽然APPV的研究取得了一定进展,但对其起源、流行病学和传播动态等方面的理解仍非常有限。由于APPV分离培养困难以及缺乏合适的替代试验动物模型,限制了其商业化疫苗的研发,为疫病防控带来难度。作者着重综述了目前国内外关于APPV的进化与分型、基因组结构、病原分离培养、组织嗜性与传播途径、病原检测技术和疫苗研发等方面最新进展,旨在充分了解其蛋白功能和分子机制,以期为研究人员开发有效的诊断工具、制定成功的控制策略提供理论依据。

关键词: 猪非典型性瘟病毒; 先天性震颤; 病原分离; 疫苗研发

Abstract: Atypical porcine pestivirus (APPV) is a new Pestivirus that has emerged in recent years and has caused significant losses to the global pig industry.APPV is considered to be the causative agent of congenital A-Ⅱ tremor in piglets,which can lead to generalized muscle tremors that interfere with feeding and ultimately death by starvation.APPV was first discovered in the United States in 2015 and has been mainly concentrated on Americas,Western Europe and East Asia.It has now been detected in several provinces and cities in China.Several methods have been developed to detect APPV infection such as PCR and serological techniques.Although some progress have been made in the study of APPV,the understanding of its origin,epidemiology and transmission dynamics is still very limited.The difficulty of isolating and culturing APPV and the lack of suitable alternative experimental animal models have limited the development of commercial vaccines,making prevention and control challenging.The author reviewed recent national and international advances in APPV evolution and typing,genome structure,pathogen isolation and culture,tissue tropism and transmission routes,pathogen detection techniques and vaccine development,with a view to fully understanding its protein function and molecular mechanism,in order to provide theoretical basis for researchers to develop effective diagnostic tools and successful control strategies.

Key words: Atypical porcine pestivirus; congenital tremor; pathogen isolation; vaccine development

中图分类号:

S852.65⁺1

姬永琛, 赵静雯, 吴慧光. 猪非典型性瘟病毒研究进展[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(12): 5075-5083.

JI Yongchen, ZHAO Jingwen, WU Huiguang. Research Progress on Atypical Porcine Pestivirus[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2023, 50(12): 5075-5083.

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