类固醇激素在子宫内膜过度增生中的作用机理

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2023.09.021

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 子宫内膜增生是雌性动物正常子宫状态的一种,但子宫内膜过度增生能引起不同程度的功能性子宫出血、胚胎着床失败以及绝经后阴道出血等,对繁殖产生消极影响,并且有发展成为子宫内膜癌的风险。类固醇激素,包括雌激素、孕激素和雄激素等,在子宫内膜增生中发挥重要作用。高浓度雌激素或长期低浓度雌激素刺激,且无孕激素抵抗,是造成子宫内膜过度增生的主要原因,雄激素与孕激素类似,有对抗雌激素的作用。子宫内膜过度增生现象也常发生于猪定时输精过程中,常用的生殖激素孕马血清促性腺激素在显著提高动物排卵数的同时通过促进卵巢雌二醇的分泌造成子宫内膜过度增生,对胚胎着床造成负面影响。目前类固醇激素在子宫内膜增生中的作用机制尚不完全清楚,作者分别介绍了子宫内膜增生的类型,简述了不同动物子宫内膜增生的研究进展,分析了类固醇激素在子宫内膜增生中的作用与可能的机理,阐述了其他因子和基因对子宫内膜增生的影响及子宫内膜增生的防治,以期为动物子宫内膜过度增生的防治提供理论参考。

关键词: 子宫内膜增生; 类固醇激素; 类固醇激素受体; 信号通路

Abstract: Endometrial hyperplasia is a common uterine disease in females,which can cause various degrees of functional uterine bleeding,embryo implantation failure and postmenopausal vaginal bleeding.It has a negative impact on reproduction and has the risk to develop endometrial cancer.Steroid hormones,including estrogen,progestogen,and androgens,play important roles in endometrial hyperplasia.High concentrations of estrogen or long-term low concentration of estrogen stimulation without progesterone resistance is the main cause of endometrial hyperplasia.Androgens,similar with progesterone,has an antiestrogen effects.Pregnant mare serum gonadotropin,a reproductive hormone commonly used in fix-timed insemination,can significantly increase the number of ovulations,while cause excessive endometrial hyperplasia by promoting ovarian estradiol secretion.The role and mechanism of steroid hormones in endometrial hyperplasia remains unknown.The review introduces the types of endometrial hyperplasia,the research progress of endometrial hyperplasia in different animals,and the role and mechanism of steroid hormones on endometrial hyperplasia,the influence of other factors and genes on endometrial hyperplasia and the prevention and treatment of endometrial hyperplasia,in order to provide theoretical references for the prevention and treatment of endometrial hyperplasia in animals.

Key words: endometrial hyperplasia; steroid hormone; steroid hormone receptor; signal pathway

中图分类号:

S814.1

李璐, 谷振慧, 冯涛, 王红娜. 类固醇激素在子宫内膜过度增生中的作用机理[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(9): 3652-3662.

LI Lu, GU Zhenhui, FENG Tao, WANG Hongna. Role and Mechanism of Steroid Hormones in Endometrial Hyperplasia[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2023, 50(9): 3652-3662.

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