地中海奶水牛乳房形态结构与泌乳性能的关联分析

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2020.07.015

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本研究通过分析不同胎次乳房性状之间的相关性以及乳房性状与泌乳性能之间的相关性，建立地中海奶水牛乳房线性性状的入选主成分评估模型，为培育具有优良乳房性状的高产奶水牛提供参考。收集意大利牧场123头地中海水牛共1 107条生产记录信息，利用SAS 9.2 CORR过程进行相关性分析，运用PRINCOMP过程建立入选主成分评估模型。结果表明，1~4胎时，270 d泌乳量随着胎次的增加而增加；在1~2胎时，前乳头长与后乳头长呈极显著正相关（P<0.01）；3胎及3胎以上时，前乳头长与后乳头长呈显著正相关（P<0.05）；1~4胎时，乳区面积与前乳头距、前后乳头距、后乳头距呈极显著正相关（P<0.01），且前乳头距与后乳头距呈极显著正相关（P<0.01）；在≥ 4胎时，前后乳头距与泌乳量、乳蛋白量呈显著正相关（P<0.05），并与乳脂量呈极显著正相关（P<0.01），同时乳区面积与泌乳性能呈显著正相关（P<0.05）；在第1~2、4胎及以上时，泌乳量、乳蛋白量和乳脂量之间呈极显著正相关（P<0.01），且在第3胎时泌乳性能之间呈显著正相关（P<0.05）。入选主成分评估模型为：Y=0.2631x1+0.1186x2+0.0862x3+0.0796x4+0.1039x5+0.0042x6-6.9689，式中，x1，前乳头长；x2，后乳头长；x3，前乳头距；x4，前后乳头距；x5，后乳头距；x6，乳区面积。本研究进一步阐明了地中海奶水牛不同胎次乳房性状之间存在相关性，而乳房性状与泌乳性能之间的相关性受胎次的影响。

关键词: 地中海奶水牛; 乳房性状; 泌乳性能; 入选主成分; 评估模型

Abstract: In this study,a selected principal component evaluation model for the udder traits was established by analyzing the correlation between udder traits of different parities and the correlation between udder traits and lactation performance in Mediterranean buffaloe.The study was helpful to breed high-yielding buffalo with excellent udder characteristics.A total of 123 Mediterranean buffalo with 1 107 records were employed in this study,the correlation analysis was performed using SAS 9.2 CORR process,and the selected principal component evaluation model was established using PRINCOMP process.For 1-4 parities,the 270 d milk yield increased with the increasing parity.At 1 to 2 parities,the front teat length were extremely significantly positively correlated to the hind teat length (P<0.01).There was a significant positive correlation between the front teat length and the hind teat length at 3 parities and above (P<0.05).At 1 to 4 parities,the teat area was extremely significantly positively correlated with the front teat distance,front and hind teat distance,as well as hind teat distance (P<0.01).Additionally,the front teat distance was extremely significantly positively correlated with hind teat distance (P<0.01).At more than 4 parities,the front and hind teat distance was significantly positively related to the milk yield and milk protein (P<0.05),and extremely significantly positively related to the milk fat (P<0.01),at the same time,the area of the teat was significantly positively related to the lactation performance (P<0.05);At 1st to 2nd and 4th parities and above,there was a very significant positive correlation among milk production,milk protein and milk fat (P<0.01),and there was a significant positive correlation among lactation performance at 3rd parity (P<0.05).The selected principal component evaluation model was Y=0.2631x1+0.1186x2+0.0862x3+0.0796x4+0.1039x5+0.0042x6-6.9689,in formula,x1,Front teat length;x2,Hind teat length;x3,Front teat distance;x4,Front and hind teat distance;x5,Hind teat distance;x6,Teat area.This study further revealed that there was a strong correlation among udder traits in different parities of Mediterranean buffalo,and the correlation between teat length and lactation performance was affected by parities.

Key words: Mediterranean buffalo; udder traits; lactation performance; selected principle component; assessment model

中图分类号:

S823.8⁺3

华丽萍, 李梓芃, 李俊, 刘双行, 杨利国, 梁爱心. 地中海奶水牛乳房形态结构与泌乳性能的关联分析[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2020, 47(7): 2104-2112.

HUA Liping, LI Zipeng, LI Jun, LIU Shuanghang, YANG Liguo, LIANG Aixin. Correlation Analysis Between Udder Morphology and Lactation Performance in Mediterranean Buffaloe[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2020, 47(7): 2104-2112.

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