猪呼吸道疾病综合征药物防控技术研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2020.03.023

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 猪呼吸道疾病综合征（PRDC）在养猪业中广泛流行，发病原因复杂，由多种细菌、病毒、寄生虫及环境应激等因素共同引发，普遍造成猪生长迟缓和猪肉品质下降，还有相当比例的病猪死亡，严重影响养猪业的发展。胸膜肺炎放线杆菌（APP）、副猪嗜血杆菌（Hps）、链球菌（SS）是常见的细菌性病原，而猪繁殖与呼吸障碍综合征病毒（PRRSV）、猪圆环病毒2型（PCV2）、伪狂犬病毒（PRV）是常见的病毒性病原，合理用药防治PRDC十分关键。头孢喹肟、氟苯尼考及加米霉素等抗生素因抗菌谱广、抗菌活性强、在猪体内药代动力学特征优良等优点被广泛用于防控细菌性感染的猪呼吸道疾病。对于病毒性感染的猪呼吸道疾病，常用的抗病毒药物有细胞因子及中药，尤其是中药，不仅可以抗病毒还可增强机体免疫力，应用前景非常广阔。文章系统地阐述了上述抗菌药物的抗菌机理、药效学及药动学，详细介绍了上述抗病毒药物的抗病毒机理及其在病毒性猪呼吸道疾病上的应用，以期为合理用药防控PRDC提供一定的建议。

关键词: 猪呼吸道疾病综合征(PRDC); 细菌; 病毒; 抗菌药物; 抗病毒药物

Abstract: Porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC) is widespread in pig industry,which is the result of a combination of bacteria,viruses,parasites,bad breeding administration conditions and so on,it has caused slow growth and death of pigs so that resulted in huge economic losses.Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (APP),Haemophilus parasuis (Hps) and Streptococcus suis (SS) are the main bacterial pathogens,while porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), porcine circovirus virus type 2 (PCV2) and pseudorabies virus (PRV) are common viral pathogens.Cefquinome,florfenicol and gammamycin can effectively prevent and control bacterial infections because of broad antibacterial spectrum,strong antibacterial activity and excellent pharmacokinetic characteristics in pigs,and for viral infections the commonly used drugs are cytokines and traditional Chinese medicines,especially traditional Chinese medicines,which not only can resist viruses but also enhance the body's immunity has a very broad application prospect.This article systematically expounds the antibacterial mechanism,pharmacodynamics (PD) and pharmacokinetics (PK) of the above antibacterial drugs,at the same time,the antiviral mechanism and application of the above antiviral drugs are introduced in detail.Through this review in order to provide some suggestions for the rational use of drugs to prevent and control PRDC.

Key words: porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC); bacteria; viruses; antibacterial drugs; antiviral drugs

中图分类号:

S852.6

朱敏娟, 米坤, 蒲善菊, 谢书宇, 袁宗辉, 黄玲利. 猪呼吸道疾病综合征药物防控技术研究进展[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2020, 47(3): 837-847.

ZHU Minjuan, MI Kun, PU Shanju, XIE Shuyu, YUAN Zonghui, HUANG Lingli. Research Advances on Drug Prevention and Control Technology for Porcine Respiratory Disease Complex[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2020, 47(3): 837-847.

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