鸡无尾性状的分子机制研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2018.01.020

《中国畜牧兽医》 ›› 2018, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (1): 154-161.doi: 10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2018.01.020

鸡无尾性状的分子机制研究进展

胡斯乐^1,2, 陶萨如拉³, 王月星^1,2, 王位^1,2, 王艳欣^1,2, 齐旺梅⁴, 张文广^1,2

1. 内蒙古农业大学动物科学学院, 呼和浩特 010018;
2. 动物遗传育种与繁殖内蒙古自治区重点实验室, 呼和浩特 010018;
3. 鄂尔多斯市家畜改良工作站, 鄂尔多斯 017000;
4. 内蒙古农业大学兽医学院, 呼和浩特 010018

收稿日期:2017-08-22 出版日期:2018-01-20 发布日期:2018-01-20
通讯作者: 齐旺梅, 张文广 E-mail:qiwangmei@imau.edu.cn;atcgnmbi@aliyun.com
作者简介:胡斯乐(1985-),女,内蒙古兴安盟人,博士生,研究方向:数量基因组学暨家禽性状遗传机理研究,E-mail:huslee@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目（31560622、31260538、30960246、31672385）

Research Progress on Molecular Mechanisms of Rumpless Trait in Chicken

HUsile^1,2, TAO Sarula³, WANG Yuexing^1,2, WANG Wei^1,2, WANG Yanxin^1,2, QI Wangmei⁴, ZHANG Wenguang^1,2

1. College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Animal Science, Breeding and Reproduction of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot 010018, China;
3. Livestock Improvement Station of Ordos City, Ordos 017000, China;
4. College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China

Received:2017-08-22 Online:2018-01-20 Published:2018-01-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

动物的尾巴具有改变方向、控制升降、调整速度、支撑身体、防御、攻击、保温、示警、逃生和捕食等作用。鸟类的尾巴在飞行过程中起到平衡身体的关键作用，但在进化过程中尾部却出现了缩短和融合现象，如中国的瓢鸡及智利的Araucana鸡。作者简述了近年来关于鸡无尾性状的解剖学研究成果，发现无尾鸡在胚胎发育HH19期（Hamburger和Humilton标准分期）就已经出现无尾现象，而在结构上无尾鸡缺乏尾脂腺、尾羽、镰羽、尾椎骨和尾综骨。同时作者分析了导致尾部体节停止发育的分子遗传机制，包括周期性表达基因的转录调控影响尾部延伸过程、后端化因子梯度诱导尾部形成、Hox基因影响体节特化过程及基因突变有可能导致的无尾现象等，从而提出了可能导致家禽无尾性状的胚胎发育时期的关键分子及信号通路，包括Irx1和Irx2基因、Notch信号通路、Wnt信号通路、Fgf信号通路、RA信号通路等。研究鸡无尾性状的分子机制不仅可深入了解脊椎动物胚胎发育中尾部发育机制，更有利于揭示鸟类在进化过程中发生的尾部缩短及融合的机理。

关键词: 瓢鸡; 无尾性状; 体节发育; 分子遗传

Abstract:

The tail of an animal has the functions of direction changing,movement and speed controlling,body supporting,defense,attack,heat preservation,warning, escape and predation.The tail of birds plays a key role in maintaining balance during flight,but in evolution,the tail appears to shorten and fuse,such as Piao chicken in China and Araucana chicken in Chile. The authors reviewed the anatomy research about rumpless characters of chicken in recent years,the results showed that there had been shown rumples phenomenon in the period of Hamburger and Humilton 19 stage,and rumpless chicken were lack of uropygial gland,rectrix,sickle feather, caudal vertebra and pygostyle. At the same time,the author analyzed the molecular genetic mechanism of caudal vertebrae development arrest,including the transcriptional regulation of the periodic expression genes that influenced the tail extension process, the back-end factors gradient induces tail formation, the Hox gene influenced the process of segmental specialization,and gene mutation that might lead to rumpless phenomenon. The author proposed the key molecular and signaling pathways in embryonic development,including Irx1 and Irx2 genes,Notch signaling pathway,Wnt signaling pathway,Fgf signaling pathway and RA signaling pathway. The study of the molecular mechanism of rumpless chicken not only could understand the mechanism of tail development of vertebrate in embryo development, but also helped to reveal the evolution process of tail shortening and fusion in birds.

Key words: Piao chicken; rumpless trait; somite development; molecular inheritance

中图分类号:

S831.2

胡斯乐, 陶萨如拉, 王月星, 王位, 王艳欣, 齐旺梅, 张文广. 鸡无尾性状的分子机制研究进展[J]. 《中国畜牧兽医》, 2018, 45(1): 154-161.

HUsile, TAO Sarula, WANG Yuexing, WANG Wei, WANG Yanxin, QI Wangmei, ZHANG Wenguang. Research Progress on Molecular Mechanisms of Rumpless Trait in Chicken[J]. , 2018, 45(1): 154-161.

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鸡无尾性状的分子机制研究进展

Research Progress on Molecular Mechanisms of Rumpless Trait in Chicken

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