急性非洲猪瘟脑损伤及NF-κB介导脑水肿形成机制研究

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2022.03.027

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】 The experiment was aimed to study the acute brain injury caused by African swine fever virus (ASFV) and the related pathological mechanisms of NF-κB mediated brain edema under experimental conditions.【Method】 Eighteen healthy Landrace pigs were randomly divided into two groups:Challenge group (n=13) and control group (n=5).The challenge group was injected intramuscularly with the ASFV strain Pig/HLJ/18 with a dose of 10² HAD₅₀/mL (HAD₅₀:half of the red blood cell adsorption), the control group was injected with the same volume of normal saline, and the experiment lasted for 15 days.During the experiment, the clinical symptoms were observed, the dead pigs were dissected and the brain lesions were observed.Virus localization was performed by in situ PCR, HE staining and toluidine blue staining were used to observe the histological changes of brain.Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, IFN-γ, NF-κB, MMP-9, and AQP-4 in brain tissue.【Result】 9 pigs in the challenge group showed clinical neurological symptoms, and the main brain lesions were meningeal congestion and different degrees of brain parenchymal edema.ASFV was mainly located in cerebral microvessels.The early stage of the lesion was mainly cerebral edema, loose structure of cerebral cortex, widening of perivascular space, swelling and rounding of neurons and light staining.In the middle and late stage, in addition to the characteristics of cerebral edema, cerebral vascular congestion, a large amount of micro thrombosis and lymphocyte infiltration were also seen.Immunohistochemical results showed that TNF-α, IL-1β, IFN-γ, NF-κB, and MMP-9 were mainly expressed in neurons and glial cells in the challenge group, and the positive cells of AQP-4 were mainly astrocytes around capillaries.Compared with the control group, the positive expression rates of the above 6 factors in the challenge group were extremely significantly higher (P<0.01).【Conclusion】 In summary, the main manifestations of acute African swine fever brain injury were meningeal vascular congestion, hemorrhage and brain parenchymal edema, and histological lesions showed viral encephalitis.ASFV infected the brain and promoted abnormally high expression of inflammatory factors.By activating the NF-κB signaling pathway, it regulated the transcription of TNF-α, IL-1β and IFN-γ, which increased the production and release of these inflammatory factors, expanded the inflammatory response, and affected the permeability of the blood-brain barrier.It could also up-regulate the expression of MMP-9 and AQP-4, destroy the blood-brain barrier, and promote the occurrence and development of cerebral edema.

Key words: African swine fever; brain edema; inflammatory factor; NF-κB

CLC Number:

S852.65⁺1

LUO Ying, ZHANG Xiandong, LI Hui, LI Qiaofeng, LIU Weiqi, FU Jingjing, HUANG Luqi, DENG Hua, YANG Hong. Study on Acute African Swine Fever Brain Injury and NF-κB Mediated Brain Edema Formation Mechanism[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2022, 49(3): 1048-1056.

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Study on Acute African Swine Fever Brain Injury and NF-κB Mediated Brain Edema Formation Mechanism

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