Abstract: The COⅠ genes in two newly discovered chicken breeds (Jinhu silky and Wahui) and indigenous chicken breed (Langshan) were amplified by sequencing, in order to post the genetic diversity of these two newly discovered resources and their heredity relation with other chicken breeds. The results showed that the selective sequence of COⅠhad 10 SNPs and 7 haplotypes, 3 SNPs were specific mutation sites, 5 haplotypes were specific haplotypes. The average nucleotide diversities of Jinhu silky, Wahui and Langshan were 0.068%, 0.051% and 0.0369%, respectively; the haplotype diversities of them were 0.4167, 0.3030 and 0.9000, respectively; the genetic diversity of Langshan was higher than the two newly discovered breeds. The Kimura 2-parameter distances between the breeds ranged from －0.002 to 0.236. The genetic distances of intrapopulation were less than that of interpopulation. It was feasible and effective to identify chicken breeds using DNA barcodes of COⅠ gene. 

Key words: indigenous chicken breeds; COⅠ gene; DNA barcoding; variety identification