类器官的研究进展及应用前景

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2021.06.011

Abstract

Abstract: Organoids are derived from self-organizing and self-renewing stem cells,they are cell clusters formed after 3D culture in vitro using the self-organizing properties of stem cells,they are closely related to the source organs and reproduce the 3D cell structure of the source organs.In addition,they provide a new model for exploring the pathogenesis of the source organ.The organoid system is derived from cells cultured in vitro by adding extracellular matrix (ECM) substrates,small molecules,and growth factors to medium and regulated by autocrine,paracrine or adjacent secretory signals.The interaction of these factors creates a dynamic environment that guides the self-renewal,differentiation and the self-assembly of stem cells in organoids.The organoids which derived the reprogramming method by induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) combined with 3D organoid,establishes contact between animal models and human clinical trials.It is a complement to study cell experiments in vivo.Compared with traditional cell culture methods,organoids provide the new models for studying developmental biology and pathophysiology of the source organ in vitro.It is also important in the field of regenerative medicine and personalized medicine.In the future,maybe it will be used to research the mechanism of action of nutrient,drugs,poisons and toxins,as well as used in the fields of drug screening and regenerative medicine.The development of organoid technology has enhanced people’s understanding of the physiological and biochemical functions of organs and tissues.In this article,the author introduces the culture and application of organoids such as intestine,brain,lung,liver,uterus,ovary,etc.which provides reference for the scientific research and application of organoids.

Key words: organoids; stem cell; 3D culture

CLC Number:

LI Juanjuan, ZHANG Juntao, ZHAO Yingbo, HE Laizeng, ZHANG Fan, LI Yiping, YAN Penghui, HU Saina, LYU Yulin, DENG Lixin, ZHANG Zhiping. Research Progress and Application Prospect of Organoids[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2021, 48(6): 1985-1994.

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Research Progress and Application Prospect of Organoids

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