微/纳材料对食源性致病菌的抗菌作用研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.02.041

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 食源性致病菌(foodborne pathogens)是引起动物和人类食源性疾病最重要的致病因素。常见的食源性致病菌有沙门菌、致泻性大肠杆菌、弯曲杆菌、副溶血性弧菌、志贺菌、金黄色葡萄球菌等。食源性致病菌具有强大的侵袭和定植能力，可污染多种蔬果及动物源性食品，并可沿“农场-餐桌链”传播。由于抗生素的滥用，食源性致病菌耐药性现象日益严重。传统的抗菌药物逐渐难以应对日益严重的细菌耐药性问题，导致食源细菌性疾病面临治疗药物选择受限、生物利用度差、毒性难以控制等诸多挑战。随着纳米技术的发展，多种微纳材料(micro/nano materials)逐步应用于生物医学领域，展示出优异的治疗性能。微纳材料主要指平均粒径在微米或纳米级的一系列复合材料。抗食源性致病菌感染研究中的微纳材料主要是指将微米材料与纳米材料结合而成的药物递送系统，兼具微米和纳米尺度材料的优势，具有生物相容性良好、靶向性药物递送、可控与长效释放及多重抗菌作用等多种优势。笔者综述了微纳材料的基本概念、常见种类、独特优势及微纳材料在各种抗食源性致病菌感染中的研究进展，探讨了微纳材料在应对多种食源性细菌感染、缓解抗生素耐药性问题中的应用潜力以及目前存在的应用瓶颈，以期为微纳材料在食源细菌性疾病治疗中的研究和应用提供参考。

关键词: 食源性致病菌; 纳米材料; 微米材料; 微纳材料

Abstract: Foodborne pathogens are the most important pathogenic factors causing foodborne diseases in animals and humans.Common foodborne pathogens include Salmonella, diarrheagenic Escherichia coli,Campylobacter,Vibrio parahaemolyticus,Shigella and Staphylococcus aureus.Due to their strong invasion and colonization ability,these bacteria can contaminate a variety of fruits and vegetables and animal-derived foods,and spread through the “farm-to-table chain”.Due to the abuse of antibiotics,these bacteria have developed resistance to antibiotics,which makes it difficult for traditional antibiotics to deal with the increasingly serious bacterial resistance problem,thus making the treatment of foodborne bacterial infections faced with many challenges such as limited drug selection,poor bioavailability and difficult toxicity control.With the development of nanotechnology,various micro/nanomaterials have been gradually applied in the field of biomedicine,and have shown excellent therapeutic effects.Micro/nanomaterials mainly refer to a series of composite materials with an average particle size at the micron or nano level.In the treatment of foodborne pathogens,micro/nanomaterials are mainly drug delivery systems formed by combining micron and nano materials,which have the advantages of micron and nano scale materials,and have good biocompatibility,targeted drug delivery,controllable long-term release,and multiple antibacterial effects.The authors summarize the basic concepts,common types,special advantages and progress in the treatment of different foodborne pathogens of micro/nanomaterials.It also discusses the application potential and current challenges of micro/nanomaterials in solving various foodborne bacterial infections and alleviating antibiotic resistance,which will help promote the further exploration and application of micro/nanomaterials in the treatment of foodborne cell infections.

Key words: foodborne pathogens; nanomaterials; micromaterials; micro/nanomaterials

中图分类号:

S859.79⁺1

李清萌, 谢言之, 沈建忠, 马晓溦. 微/纳材料对食源性致病菌的抗菌作用研究进展[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2025, 52(2): 922-933.

LI Qingmeng, XIE Yanzhi, SHEN Jianzhong, MA Xiaowei. Research Progress of Micro/nanomaterials in the Treatment of Foodborne Pathogens[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(2): 922-933.

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