不同地区长角血蜱的单倍型多样性、遗传分化及种群扩张研究

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2024.12.027

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】探究浏阳、信阳两地区长角血蜱的单倍型多样性(Hd)、遗传分化及种群扩张状况，为后续长角血蜱的种群遗传结构研究提供数据支撑和理论依据。【方法】试验以采集于两地区的30只长角血蜱为样品，对其线粒体cox1、nad5基因进行PCR扩增及测序，运用Clustal X、Dnasp 5.0和Network 4.6软件对两地区长角血蜱的单倍型多样性进行分析；运用Dnasp 5.0和Arlequin version 3.0软件探究两地区长角血蜱的遗传分化及种群扩张状况。【结果】长角血蜱cox1基因序列(776 bp)中共存在4个碱基突变位点，含5个单倍型(A1～A5，Hd=0.3609)，其基因分化系数(Gst)、遗传分化系数(Fst)、基因流(Nm)分别为―0.0154、―0.019和―26.82；长角血蜱nad5基因序列(519 bp)中共存在33个碱基突变位点，含17个单倍型(B1～B17，Hd=0.9402)，Gst、Fst、Nm分别为0.0316、0.0503和9.44；长角血蜱cox1+nad5基因序列(1 295 bp)中共存在37个碱基突变位点，含20个单倍型(C1～C20，Hd=0.9563)，Gst、Fst、Nm分别为0.0184、0.0451和10.59。表明两地区的长角血蜱之间尚未出现遗传分化。cox1、nad5及cox1+nad5基因的种群扩张分析结果显示，来自于浏阳、信阳两地区的长角血蜱均经历了多次种群扩张事件。【结论】来自于浏阳、信阳两地区的长角血蜱之间虽存在低水平的遗传变异和单倍型多样性，但它们之间却存在较高频率的基因交流，无明显的遗传分化，且浏阳、信阳两地区的长角血蜱经历了多次种群扩张事件。

关键词: 长角血蜱; 单倍型多态性; 遗传分化; 基因流; 种群扩张

Abstract: 【Objective】 This study was aimed to explore the haplotype diversity (Hd),genetic differentiation and population expansion of Haemaphysalis longicornis (H.longicornis) collected from Liuyang and Xinyang districts,so as to provide data support and theoretical basis for subsequent research on the population genetic structure of H.longicornis. 【Method】 A total of 30 H.longicornis were used as samples in this study.The sequences of cox1 and nad5 genes were amplified by PCR,and were then sequenced.The haplotype diversity of H.longicornis from two districts were analyzed using Clustal X,Dnasp 5.0 and Network 4.6 software.The genetic differentiation and population expansion of H.longicornis from two districts were analyzed by Dnasp 5.0 and Arlequin version 3.0 softwares.【Result】 There were 4 mutational sites and 5 haplotypes (A1-A5,Hd=0.3609) in the sequence of cox1 gene (776 bp),and the gene differentiation coefficient (Gst),fixation index (Fst) and gene flow (Nm) of cox1 gene were ―0.0154,―0.019 and ―26.82,respectively.There were 33 mutational sites and 17 haplotypes (B1-B17,Hd=0.9402) in the sequence of nad5 gene (519 bp),the Gst, Fst and Nm of nad5 gene were 0.0316,0.0503 and 9.44,respectively.There were 37 mutational sites and 20 haplotypes (C1-C20,Hd=0.9563) in the sequence of cox1+nad5 gene (1 295 bp),the Gst,Fst and Nm of the combined gene were 0.0184,0.0451 and 10.59,respectively.All results indicated that H.longicornis from Liuyang and Xinyang districts didn’t appear genetic differentiation.In the population expansion analysis of H.longicornis using cox1,nad5 and cox1+nad5 gene sequences,it was found that H.longicornis from Liuyang and Xinyang districts experienced multiple population expansions.【Conclusion】 H.longicornis from Liuyang and Xinyang districts had low level of genetic variation and haplotype diversity,but there was higher frequency of gene exchange among individuals,no obvious genetic differentiation was found among H.longicornis individuals,and there were population expansions for H.longicornis from Liuyang and Xinyang districts.

Key words: Haemaphysalis longicornis; haplotype diversity; genetic differentiation; gene flow; population expansion

中图分类号:

S852.74⁺6

李中波, 程天印. 不同地区长角血蜱的单倍型多样性、遗传分化及种群扩张研究[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2024, 51(12): 5405-5415.

LI Zhongbo, CHENG Tianyin. Haplotype Diversity,Genetic Differentiation and Population Expansion of Haemaphysalis longicornis Isolated from Different Districts[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2024, 51(12): 5405-5415.

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