电化学生物传感器在真菌毒素检测中的研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2019.09.033

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 真菌毒素是真菌在食品或饲料中生长所产生的代谢产物，这些低分子质量化合物既是天然存在的，同时也是无法避免的。真菌通过两种途径进入食物链，一方面可以直接从受真菌毒素污染的植物性食品成分进入食物链；另一方面也可以通过食物中产毒真菌生长的间接污染进入食物链。真菌毒素广泛存在于成熟的玉米、谷物、大豆、高粱、花生和饲料作物中。食用受真菌毒素污染的食物或饲料会对人和动物造成急性或慢性毒性。真菌毒素除了有直接食用受霉菌毒素污染的食物和饲料造成的不良影响外，还有因为摄入动物源性食品，如肉类、牛奶或鸡蛋，含有真菌毒素的残留物或代谢物而引起的公众健康问题。目前虽然已经鉴定出超过400种真菌毒素，但食物中广泛存在的6种毒素：黄曲霉毒素、赭曲霉毒素、玉米赤霉烯酮、伏马菌素、呕吐毒素及T-2毒素，已在世界范围内引发了持续的食品安全问题。该论文总结了6种真菌毒素的毒性，重点分析了近年来电化学生物传感器在这几种真菌毒素检测中的研究进展，旨在通过一系列的总结分析去展望其在真菌毒素检测方面的发展前景。

关键词: 电化学免疫传感器; 电化学适配体传感器; 电化学酶传感器; 真菌毒素

Abstract: Mycotoxins are metabolites produced by the growth of fungi in food or feed,these low molecular weight compounds are naturally occurring and also unavoidable.Fungi enter the food chain through two ways:On the one hand,they can enter the food chain directly from plant food components contaminated with mycotoxins;On the other hand,they can enter the food chain through indirect contamination of the growth of poisonous fungi in food.Mycotoxins are widely found in mature corn,grains,soybeans,sorghum,peanuts and forage crops.Eating foods or feeds contaminated with mycotoxins can cause acute or chronic toxicity to humans and animals.In addition to the adverse effects of direct consumption of food and feed contaminated by mycotoxins,mycotoxins also have public health problems caused by intake of animal-derived foods,such as meat,milk or eggs,residues or metabolites containing mycotoxins.Although more than 400 mycotoxins have been identified,6 toxins are widely found in food:Aflatoxin,ochratoxin,zearalenone,fumonisin,vomiting toxin and T-2 toxin,which have caused persistent food safety problems around the world.This review summarizes the toxicity of 6 mycotoxins,focusing on the recent advances in the detection of these biomyxins by electrochemical biosensors,aiming to prospectively develop their prospects for mycotoxin detection through a series of summaries.

Key words: electrochemical immunosensor; electrochemical aptamer sensor; electrochemical enzyme sensor; mycotoxins

中图分类号:

S852.662

张莉蕴, 王延新, 王玉可, 欧亚红, 彭大鹏, 王旭, 王玉莲, 潘源虎, 谢书宇, 陈冬梅, 黄玲利, 陶燕飞. 电化学生物传感器在真菌毒素检测中的研究进展[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2019, 46(9): 2769-2777.

ZHANG Liyun, WANG Yanxin, WANG Yuke, OU Yahong, PENG Dapeng, WANG Xu, WANG Yulian, PAN Yuanhu, XIE Shuyu, CHEN Dongmei, HUANG Lingli, TAO Yanfei. Research Progress on Electrochemical Biosensors in Detection of Mycotoxins[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2019, 46(9): 2769-2777.

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