云南省中华鼠耳蝠体表寄生虫感染调查及分析

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2023.07.031

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】了解云南省中华鼠耳蝠体表寄生虫感染情况，分析云南省中华鼠耳蝠体表寄生虫感染影响因素，为开展相关媒介传播性人兽共患病的防治提供科学依据。【方法】本研究于2021年7月至2022年8月间在云南省境内3处采样点捕获到中华鼠耳蝠，采集并依据鉴定资料鉴别其体表寄生虫，使用完全随机设计四格表资料的χ²检验（Chi-quare test）、独立样本t检验（independent-samples t test）、线性相关（linear correlation）和SPSS 26.0软件统计分析中华鼠耳蝠体表寄生虫感染情况。【结果】在捕获的53只中华鼠耳蝠中，有49只感染体表寄生虫，体表寄生虫感染率较高（92.45%）；中华鼠耳蝠体表采集到的2 841只寄生虫均属于革螨科和蛛蝇科成员，且以鼠耳蝠螨（Spinturnix myoti）、柯氏蝠螨（Spinturnix kolenatii）和织金巨刺螨（Macronyssys zhijinensi）为优势虫种。不同性别中华鼠耳蝠体表寄生虫感染差异显著，雌性中华鼠耳蝠寄生虫感染的平均多度（t=-4.566，P<0.01）和平均感染强度（t=-4.58，P<0.01）均极显著高于雄性；而中华鼠耳蝠体型（前臂长和体重）与其体表寄生虫平均多度并无相关性。【结论】云南省中华鼠耳蝠体表寄生虫感染普遍，不同性别中华鼠耳蝠之间体表寄生虫感染存在差异，存在性别偏倚的情况；中华鼠耳蝠体型与总体表寄生虫感染平均多度之间并无显著相关性。本试验结果将补充国内较稀缺的蝙蝠体表寄生虫研究，并为某些媒介传播性人兽共患病的预防提供重要理论指导。

关键词: 中华鼠耳蝠; 体表寄生虫; 革螨; 蝙蝠蝇; 人兽共患病

Abstract: 【Objective】 This study was aimed to investigate the ectoparasite infection of Myotis chinensis (M.chinensis) in Yunnan province, to analyze the factors affecting ectoparasite infection of M.chinensis in Yunnan province, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of related vector-borne zoonoses.【Method】 The M.chinensis were captured at three sampling sites in Yunnan province between July 2021 and August 2022, and its surface parasites were collected and identified based on identification data.The χ² test (Chi-square Test), independent-samples t-test, linear correlation, and SPSS 26.0 software were used to statistically analyze the infection status of ectoparasite infections in M.chinensis.【Result】 Of the 53 M.chinensis captured, 49 were infected with ectoparasites, with a high rate of ectoparasite infection (92.45%).All 2 841 ectoparasites collected from the surface of M.chinensis belonged to the Gamasina and Nycteribiidae, with S.myoti, S.kolenatii and M.zhijinensis as the dominant species.The mean abundance (t=-4.566, P<0.01) and mean intensity (t=-4.58, P<0.01) of parasite infections were extremely significantly higher in females than in males, while there was no correlation between body size (forearm length and body weight) and mean abundance of parasites.【Conclusion】 The prevalence of ectoparasite infections in M.chinensis in Yunnan province was high, and there were differences in ectoparasite infection between the sexes of M.chinensis, with a sex-bias.There was no significant correlation between the body size of M.chinensis and the mean frequency of ectoparasite infection.The experimental results would fill in the scarce research on bat ectoparasites in China and provide important theoretical guidance for the prevention of certain vector-borne zoonoses.

Key words: Myotis chinensis; ectoparasite; gamasid mite; bat fly; zoonoses

中图分类号:

S852.71

张现政, 黄晓宾, 王玉娟, 杨金颋, 郑小燕. 云南省中华鼠耳蝠体表寄生虫感染调查及分析[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(7): 2915-2922.

ZHANG Xianzheng, HUANG Xiaobin, WANG Yujuan, YANG Jinting, ZHENG Xiaoyan. Investigation and Analysis of Ectoparasites of the Myotis chinensis in Yunnan Province[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2023, 50(7): 2915-2922.

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