餐厨废弃物饲料化技术及其在动物生产中的应用

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2021.12.016

中国畜牧兽医 ›› 2021, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (12): 4478-4487.doi: 10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2021.12.016

餐厨废弃物饲料化技术及其在动物生产中的应用

崔艺燕¹, 邓盾¹, 田志梅¹, 鲁慧杰¹, 刘志昌¹, 李家洲¹, 马现永^1,2, 张琦³, 兰永辉³

1. 广东省农业科学院动物科学研究所, 畜禽育种国家重点实验室, 农业农村部华南动物营养与饲料重点实验室, 广东省畜禽育种与营养研究重点实验室, 广东畜禽肉品质量安全控制与评定工程技术研究中心, 广州 510640;
2. 岭南现代农业科学与技术广东省实验室茂名分中心, 茂名 525000;
3. 深圳市腾浪再生资源发展有限公司, 深圳 518000

收稿日期:2021-05-20 出版日期:2021-12-20 发布日期:2021-12-02
通讯作者: 马现永 E-mail:407986619@qq.com
作者简介:崔艺燕(1987-),女,广东佛山人,硕士,助理研究员,研究方向:动物营养、生态养殖与环境控制,E-mail:958117076@qq.com
基金资助:
广东省农业科学院农业优势产业科学团队建设项目（202118TD）；饲料产业技术体系创新团队建设项目（2020KJ115）；广东省农业科学院人才项目（R2017PY-JG001）；广东省基础与应用基础研究基金（2020A1515010591）

Feed Technology of Food Waste and Its Application in Animal Production

CUI Yiyan¹, DENG Dun¹, TIAN Zhimei¹, LU Huijie¹, LIU Zhichang¹, LI Jiazhou¹, MA Xianyong^1,2, ZHANG Qi³, LAN Yonghui³

1. State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Meat Quality and Safety Control and Evaluation Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China;
2. Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming 525000, China;
3. Shenzhen Teng-Lang Recycling Development Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518000, China

Received:2021-05-20 Online:2021-12-20 Published:2021-12-02

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 餐厨废弃物(food waste,FW)的资源利用受到广泛关注。FW焚化、填埋、堆肥、厌氧消化等技术因其面临的环境可持续性问题而受到越来越多的批评。饲料化技术可以将FW转化为高价值的饲料,从而减少固体废物的排放、养殖成本和环境污染,但该技术应符合减少、再利用和回收有机废物的处理原则。作者综述了FW的饲料化技术及其在动物生产中的应用。FW饲料化技术主要包括热处理、酶处理、藻类培养、昆虫过腹、发酵技术。其中热处理可以确保微生物安全性,是其他技术的预处理技术。藻类培养和昆虫过腹技术可以将FW转化为植物和昆虫蛋白,避免同源污染,但尚不清楚藻类和昆虫在FW利用过程中是否会造成污染物积累。酶处理和发酵技术可以将FW中大分子转化为小分子。酶的催化性能和稳定性容易受外界条件的影响,需要考虑特殊的酶制剂。发酵技术的机械化程度和资源利用率高,其核心是微生物,需要筛选有效的、能充分利用FW的微生物。目前FW在畜牧业中的应用较少,在其生产和应用中要特别注意用量和使用时间。为了使FW饲料真正作为动物饲料进入食物链,研究人员必须对不同动物(含不同生长阶段)的生长性能和产品特性进行研究,以确保动物健康及动物产品对人类健康没有负面影响。

关键词: 餐厨废弃物; 饲料化技术

Abstract: The resource utilization of food waste (FW) has received widespread attention.Incineration, burying and composting, anaerobic digestion are increasingly criticized for their problems of environmental sustainability.Feed processing technology can convert FW into high-value feed, reducing solid waste emissions, breeding costs, and environmental pollution.Feed technology is in line with the principles of reduction, reuse and recycling of organic waste treatment.The authors reviewed the feed technology of FW and its application in animal production.Feed technology mainly includes heat treatment, enzyme treatment, algae culture, insect breeding, and fermentation technology.Heat treatment can ensure the safety of microorganisms, which is the pretreatment technology of all technologies.Algae culture and insect breeding technology can transform waste sugars and amino acids into plant and insect proteins and avoid homologous pollution.However, it is not clear whether algae and insects can accumulate pollutants in the process of FW utilization.Enzyme treatment and fermentation technology can transform macromolecules into small molecules.The catalytic performance and stability of enzymes are easily affected by external conditions, so it is necessary to consider special enzyme preparations.Fermentation has a high degree of mechanization and resource utilization.The core of fermentation technology is microorganism, which should be effective and able to make full use of FW.The application of FW in animal production is less at present.In the production and application, it is need to pay attention to the dosage and use time of FW feed.In order to make FW feed really enter the food chain as animal feed, researchers must study the growth performance and product characteristics of different animals (include different growth stages) to ensure that animal health and their products have no negative impact on human health.

Key words: food waste; feed technology

中图分类号:

S816.69

崔艺燕, 邓盾, 田志梅, 鲁慧杰, 刘志昌, 李家洲, 马现永, 张琦, 兰永辉. 餐厨废弃物饲料化技术及其在动物生产中的应用[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2021, 48(12): 4478-4487.

CUI Yiyan, DENG Dun, TIAN Zhimei, LU Huijie, LIU Zhichang, LI Jiazhou, MA Xianyong, ZHANG Qi, LAN Yonghui. Feed Technology of Food Waste and Its Application in Animal Production[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2021, 48(12): 4478-4487.

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餐厨废弃物饲料化技术及其在动物生产中的应用

Feed Technology of Food Waste and Its Application in Animal Production

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