抗菌增效剂药动学与残留消除研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2016.12.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

抗菌增效剂可以增强抗生素的抗菌活性、减少细菌耐药性的产生、提高治疗效果。药动学研究是临床上制定给药方案，评价药效的重要指标；残留消除研究可以了解药物的残留靶组织、残留标识物，进而制定适宜的休药期。作者简述了艾地普林、甲氧苄啶、二甲氧苄啶3种抗菌增效剂的药动学及残留消除规律，着重对比艾地普林与甲氧苄啶在不同动物体内的药动学参数，显示与甲氧苄啶相比艾地普林具有更长的消除半衰期及更大的表观分布容积，且甲氧苄啶在不同动物体内的消除半衰期差异较大，二甲氧苄啶常作为肠道的抗菌增效剂使用。目前多采用高效液相色谱法及和其他色谱联用的方法，对抗菌增效剂进行药动及残留消除研究，并且也证明了该方法专一性好、灵敏度高。当前由于抗生素的不合理使用甚至滥用导致的药物失效以及细菌耐药性的问题越来越普遍，而抗菌增效剂的出现为解决该类问题提供了新的方向。通过对3种抗菌增效剂在不同动物体内的药动学及残留消除研究，有利于深入了解各种药物在不同动物体内共性和差异性规律，以期发现该类药物在临床使用中存在的问题并且不断地完善抗菌增效剂在临床上的应用。

关键词: 抗菌增效剂; 艾地普林; 甲氧苄啶; 二甲氧苄啶; 药动学; 残留消除; 分析方法

Abstract:

Antibacterial synergist can enhance the antibacterial activity of the antibiotics, reduce bacterial resistance and improve treatment effect. Pharmacokinetic study is to develop dosage regimen and evaluate efficacy in clinical.Elimination of residual study can understand drug residual target tissue and residual marker to formulate appropriate withdraw time. This review briefly describes the aditoprim, trimethoprim,diaveridine of three kinds of antibacterial synergist pharmacokinetic and residue elimination rule, emphatically when contrast aditoprim to trimethoprim in the pharmacokinetic parameters of different animals. We can conclude aditoprim with longer elimination half-life and larger apparent volume of distribution, and trimethoprim elimination half-life is different in different animals, diaveridine is often used as intestinal antibacterial synergist. Recently researchers always use high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method or chromatographic combination method to study antibacterial synergist on pharmacokinetics and residues elimination research, it shows that the method has good specificity and high sensitivity. Currently due to the irrational use even abuse of antibiotics leading to drug failure and bacterial drug resistance problems, the presence of the antibacterial synergist for solving this problem provide a new direction, and three kinds of antibacterial synergist in different animals pharmacokinetic and residues elimination research is helpful to understand various kinds of drugs commonalities and differences in different animals, in order to find problems of this kind of drug in clinical using and continuously perfect applications of antibacterial synergist in clinical.

Key words: antibacterial synerists; aditoprim; trimethoprim; diaveridine; pharmacokinetics; elimination of residual; analytical method

中图分类号:

S859.7

孙灵灵, 袁宗辉, 李梅, 黄玲利. 抗菌增效剂药动学与残留消除研究进展[J]. 《中国畜牧兽医》, 2016, 43(12): 3141-3148.

SUN Ling-ling, YUAN Zong-hui, LI Mei, HUANG Ling-li. Research Progress on Pharmacokinetics and Residue Elimination of Antibacterial Synergist[J]. , 2016, 43(12): 3141-3148.

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