不同谷物对断奶马驹肠道内容物酶活力、淀粉含量及VFA浓度的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2023.10.014

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】探究不同谷物对断奶马驹肠道内容物中酶活力、淀粉含量及VFA浓度的影响,为断奶马驹肠道发育健康、养分消化、饲粮搭配等提供参考依据。【方法】选择出生日期、体重(112.39 kg±7.50 kg)相近,5月龄断奶的哈萨克公马驹18匹,随机分为3组,每组6匹,分别补喂玉米、燕麦和大麦。在相同的粗饲料条件下,以等淀粉原则确定各组精料的补喂量,进行为期60 d的补饲试验。马驹屠宰后,采集各肠段内容物,测定淀粉酶活力、淀粉含量及挥发性脂肪酸(VFA)浓度。【结果】①燕麦组马驹小肠淀粉酶活力极显著高于玉米组(P＜0.01),显著高于大麦组(P＜0.05);玉米组马驹小肠β-淀粉酶活力极显著高于燕麦组和大麦组(P＜0.01)。②燕麦组马驹回肠支链淀粉含量极显著低于玉米组和大麦组(P＜0.01),直链淀粉含量显著低于玉米组(P＜0.05),粪便中支链淀粉含量显著高于大麦组(P＜0.05);玉米组马驹盲肠直链淀粉含量显著低于燕麦组(P＜0.05),极显著低于大麦组(P＜0.01),结肠直链淀粉含量也显著低于燕麦组和大麦组(P＜0.05)。③燕麦组与大麦组回肠总VFA含量极显著高于玉米组(P＜0.01);玉米组马驹盲肠戊酸含量显著高于燕麦组和大麦组(P＜0.05),异戊酸含量极显著高于燕麦组和大麦组(P＜0.01),结肠中戊酸含量极显著高于大麦组(P＜0.01)。【结论】玉米和燕麦淀粉对马驹小肠酶活力具有较好的改善作用;在马驹回肠中燕麦淀粉的消化利用效果较好;在马驹盲肠和结肠中玉米淀粉的消化利用效果较好。

关键词: 谷物; 断奶马驹; 酶活力; 淀粉含量; 挥发性脂肪酸

Abstract: 【Objective】 The experiment was aimed to investigate the effects of different grains on the enzyme activity,starch content and VFA concentration in the intestinal contents of weaned foals,and to provide a reference for the development and health of the intestinal tract,nutrient digestion and ration mix of weaned foals.【Method】 Eighteen Kazakh male foals with similar birth date and weight (112.39 kg±7.50 kg) and weaned at 5 months of age were selected and randomly divided into three groups of six foals each and supplemented with maize,oats and barley.Under the same roughage condition,the supplemental feeding amount of each group was determined by the principle of equal starch,and a 60 d supplemental feeding trial was conducted.After the foals were slaughtered,the contents of each intestinal segment were collected and the amylase activity,amylose content and volatile fatty acid(VFA)concentration were determined.【Result】 ①The small intestinal amylase activity of foals in the oat group was higher than that in the maize group (P＜0.01) and barley group (P＜0.05).The small intestinal β-amylase activity of foals in the maize group was higher than that in the oat and barley groups (P＜0.01).② The ileal branched-chain amylose content of foals in the oat group was lower than that in the maize and barley groups (P＜0.01),the straight-chain amylose content was lower than that in the maize group (P＜0.05),and the fecal branched-chain amylose content was higher than that in the barley group (P＜0.05).The cecum straight-chain amylose content of foals in the maize group was lower than that in the oat group (P＜0.05) and barley group (P＜0.01),and the colonic rectal starch content was also lower than that of the oat and barley groups (P＜0.05).③ Total ileal VFA concentration in the oat and barley groups were higher than that in the maize group (P＜0.01).Cecum valeric acid content (P＜0.05) and isovaleric acid content (P＜0.01) in the maize group were higher than that in oat and barley groups,and colonic valeric acid content was higher than that in the barley group (P＜0.01).【Conclusion】 Corn and oat starch showed better improvement of enzyme activity in the small intestine of foals.Oat starch had better digestion and utilization in the ileum of foals,while in the cecum and colon of foals,corn starch had better digestion and utilization.

Key words: grains; weanling foals; enzyme activity; starch content; volatile fatty acids

中图分类号:

S816.41

陈晖, 李超, 陈开旭, 臧长江, 马晨. 不同谷物对断奶马驹肠道内容物酶活力、淀粉含量及VFA浓度的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(10): 4005-4014.

CHEN Hui, LI Chao, CHEN Kaixu, ZANG Changjiang, MA Chen. Effect of Different Grains on Enzyme Activity,Starch Content and VFA Concentration in Intestinal Contents of Weanling Foals[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2023, 50(10): 4005-4014.

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