非遗传因素对新疆地区荷斯坦奶牛在群寿命的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2020.03.021

Abstract

Abstract: In order to explore the influence of various factors on the life span of Holstein dairy cows and understand the utilization of dairy cows,the outlier and performance data of 4 057 Holstein dairy cows in large-scale cattle farms in Changji area of Xinjiang from 2011 to 2018 were collected in this study.The effects of field,year,season and cull type on the stray parity and herd life in Holstein cattle were analyzed by SAS 9.2 software,and the least square and multiple comparative analysis were carried out.The results showed that both the year and the type of cull had a extremely significant effect on the number of stray parity and the herd life in the group (P<0.01),and the effect of the field and the season of strays on the number of stray parity and the herd life in the group was not significant (P>0.05).With the increase of stray years,the number of extraneous fetuses decreased first,then increased and then decreased.The number of stray parity in 2016 was the highest (3.222 births),which was higher than that in other years (P<0.01);The number of the stray parity was the lowest in 2018,and it was extremely significantly lower than that of the other years (P<0.01);In 2015,the herd life in the group was higher than that of other years.In 2018,the herd life in the group was the lowest,and it was 1 890.692 days,and was extremely significantly lower than that of other years (P<0.01);According to the seasons,the stray parity in spring was lower than that in other seasons,and the herd life in the group was lower than that in autumn and winter (P<0.01;P<0.05).The stray parity and herd life in-group days in the cull type of limb-hoof disease was extremely significantly higher than other kinds of diseases (P<0.01),and the breast disease was extremely significantly lower than other kinds of diseases (P<0.01).Therefore,by analyzing the influence of various factors on the stray parity and herd life in-group days,it could provide a theoretical basis for the daily management of dairy cows in large-scale pastures,so as to improve the comprehensive use efficiency of dairy cows and prolong their life.

Key words: stray parity; herd life; analysis of influencing factors; Holstein cattle

CLC Number:

S823

ZHAO Fanfan, WANG Dan, MA Yanjun, MA Xinbing, GE Jianjun, ZHANG Xiaoxue, ZHANG Menghua, XU Lei, JIANG Hui, SANG Zhagen, HUANG Xixia. Effect of Non-Genetic Factors on Population Life of Holstein Dairy Cows in Xinjiang[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2020, 47(3): 822-827.

References

[1] MOSTAFA G Z,EASA R,HASAN B,et al.Analysis of culling records and estimation of genetic parameters for longevity and some production traits in Holstein dairy cattle[J].Journal of Applied Animal Research,2017,45(1):524-528.
[2] VAN PELT M L,MEUWISSEN T H,DE JONG G,et al.Genetic analysis of longevity in Dutch dairy cattle using random regression[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2015,98(6):4117-4130.
[3] 朱凯,刘光磊.北美与欧洲奶牛平衡育种概况及相关思考[J].中国奶牛,2015,13:27-31. ZHU K,LIU G L.General situation and related thinking of balanced breeding of dairy cows in North America and Europe[J].Chinese Dairy Cattle,2015,13:27-31.(in Chinese)
[4] ALBERT D V,黄鸿威,邹杨,等.延长奶牛使用年限的经济效益分析[J].中国奶牛,2014,Z2:68-75. ALBERT D V,HUANG H W,ZOU Y,et al.Economic benefit analysis of prolonging the service life of dairy cows[J].Chinese Dairy Cattle,2014,Z2:68-75.(in Chinese)
[5] WEIMANN C,ERHARDT G,BLÜMEL J,et al.Quantitative trait loci mapping of functional traits in the German Holstein cattle population.[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2003,86(1):360-368.
[6] 储明星,李瑞林,王秀田,等.奶牛淘汰原因的调查分析[J].中国奶牛,1995,2:29-30. CHU M X,LI R L,WANG X T,et al.Investigation and analysis on the reasons for the cull of dairy cows[J].Chinese Dairy Cattle,1995,2:29-30.(in Chinese)
[7] 郭刚,罗杨,刘善超,等.奶牛淘汰原因与淘汰时泌乳天数关系研究[J].中国奶牛,2012,17:47-49. GUO G,LUO Y,LIU S C,et al.Study on the relationship between the causes of cull of dairy cows and the days of lactation at the time of cull[J].Chinese Dairy Cattle,2012,17:47-49.(in Chinese)
[8] KNAUS W.Dairy cows trapped between performance demands and adaptability[J].Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture,2009,89(7):1107-1114.
[9] ANSARI L M,MOHEBBI F M,ROWSHAN G A.Causes of culling in dairy cows and its relation to age at culling and interval from calving in Shiraz,Southern Iran[J].Veterinary Research Communications,2012,3(4):233-237.
[10] VERGARA O,ELZO M,CERÓN M M.Genetic parameters and genetic trends for age at first calving and calving interval in an Angus-Blanco Orejinegro-Zebu multibreed cattle population in Colombia[J].Livestock Science,2009,126(1-3):318-322.
[11] 张梦华,王爱芳,黄锡霞,等.非遗传因素对中国荷斯坦牛DHI测定指标的影响[J].家畜生态学报,2015,36(6):35-39. ZHANG M H,WANG A F,HUANG X X,et al.Impact of non-genetic factors on DHI determination index of Chinese Holstein cows[J].Acta Ecologiae Animalis Domastici,2015,36(6):35-39.(in Chinese)
[12] 朱新荣,李文豪,刘学成,等.奶牛场常见疾病调查[J].中国奶牛,2017,324(4):37-40. ZHU X R,LI W H,LIU X C,et al.Investigation on common diseases in dairy farms[J].Chinese Dairy Cattle,2017,324(4):37-40.(in Chinese)
[13] 张瑞华,张峥臻,张克春.上海地区规模奶牛场牛只淘汰原因与胎次、月份关系的研究[A].第五届中国奶业大会论文集[C].2014. ZHANG R H,ZHANG Z Z,ZHANG K C.A study on the relationship between the causes of cattle cull and the number of parity and months in Shanghai dairy farms[A].Proceedings of the 5th China Milk Conference[C].2014.(in Chinese)
[14] 李权武,武浩,陈立强,等.成乳奶牛淘汰原因的调查与分析[J].动物医学进展,2000,S1:140-142. LI Q W,WU H,CHEN L Q,et al.Investigation and analysis on the causes of eliminating milk dairy cows[J].Progress in Veterinary Medicine,2000,S1:140-142.(in Chinese)
[15] PUNSMANN T,DISTL O.Length of productive life and longevity in dairy cows:Heritability of traits for longevity and their genetic correlations with milk performance and functional traits[J].Zuchtungskunde,2017,89(2):125-139.
[16] 鄢新义,刘澳星,董刚辉,等.北京地区中国荷斯坦牛长寿性及其影响因素分析[J].中国畜牧杂志,2016,52(23):1-6. YAN X Y,LIU A X,DONG G H,et al.Analysis of longevity and its influencing factors in Chinese Holstein population in Beijing[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Science,2016,52(23):1-6.(in Chinese)
[17] 魏趁,葛建军,张梦华,等.非遗传因素对西门塔尔牛主要经济性状的影响[J].中国农业大学学报,2017,22(6):91-99. WEI C,GE J J,ZHANG M H,et al.Effects of non-genetic factors on main economic traits of Simmental cattle[J].Journal of China Agricultural University,2017,22(6):91-99.(in Chinese)
[18] 张闯.夏秋季节奶牛易发病症的防治措施[J].当代畜禽养殖业,2012,5:32-33. ZHANG C.Prevention and cure measures of susceptible diseases in dairy cows in summer and autumn season[J].Contemporary Livestock and Poultry Breeding Industry,2012,5:32-33.(in Chinese)
[19] 魏趁,葛建军.非遗传因素对西门塔尔母牛繁殖性状的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2017,53(1):39-43. WEI C,GE J J.Effects of non-genetic factors on reproductive traits of simmental cows[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Science,2017,53(1):39-43.(in Chinese)
[20] 叶森克里德.牛常见疫病及防治方法[J].甘肃畜牧兽医,2018,48(1):64-65. YESENKLYDE.Common epidemic diseases of cattle and their control methods[J].Gansu Animal and Veterinary Sciences,2018,48(1):64-65.(in Chinese)
[21] VAKKAM K I J,TAPONEN S,HEIKKIL A M,et al.Bacteriological etiology and treatment of mastitis in finnish dairy herds[J].Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica,2017,59(12):33-38.
[22] 张敬旸.江苏5个典型牧场奶牛产奶性能、繁殖性能及淘汰状况的调查研究[D].南京:南京农业大学,2016. ZHANG J Y.Investigation of milk production and reproductive performance of dairy cow in large dairy farm[D].Nanjing:Nanjing Agricultural University,2016.(in Chinese)
[23] 张巧娥,刘定鑫,刘云翔,等.宁夏中地生态牧场奶牛淘汰原因与胎次和月份的关系研究[J].西南大学学报(自然科学版),2019,41(1):21-26. ZHANG Q E,LIU D X,LIU Y X,et al.Research of the relationship of the causes for dairy cattle culling with parity and month[J].Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition),2019,41(1):21-26.(in Chinese)

Effect of Non-Genetic Factors on Population Life of Holstein Dairy Cows in Xinjiang

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

References

Related Articles 5

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments

[1]	XU Haoqi, XU Jingyi, HU Lirong, ZHANG Fan, LUO Hanpeng, ZHANG Hailiang, SHI Rui, LI Xiang, LIU Lin, LIU Qiaoxiang, GUO Gang, WANG Yachun. Polymorphism of PIK3CB Gene and Its Association Analysis with Reproductive and Milk Production Traits in Chinese Holstein Cattle [J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2022, 49(9): 3438-3452.
[2]	ZHANG Hailiang, CHEN Ziwei, SHI Rui, TIAN Jia, GAO Xuhong, WEN Wan, WANG Yachun. Analysis of Culling Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Longevity in Holstein Cows in Ningxia [J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2021, 48(1): 200-208.
[3]	ZHAO Fanfan, GE Janju, LI Hongyan, ZHANG Menghua, WEI Chen, WANG Dan, DU Jianwen, XU Lei, JIANG Hui, SANG Zhagen, HUANG Xixia, TAN Shixin. Effects of Somatic Cell Score on Milk Yield and Milk Composition in Holstein Milk in Xinjiang [J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2019, 46(11): 3323-3331.
[4]	WANG Dan, LIU Kui-guo, MANATI·Hashan, ZHANG Meng-hua, WEI Chen, XIAILI·Yiming, ZHANG Chao, JI Peng-fei, HUANG Xi-xia. Analysis of Factors Influencing the Mortality Rates of Xinjiang Brown Cattle and Holstein Cattle Calves [J]. , 2017, 44(5): 1363-1368.
[5]	CHEN Ren-jin, WANG Zhen-zhen, YANG Zhang-ping, ZHU Xiao-rong, JI De-jun, MAO Yong-jiang. Genetic Polymorphism of TLR4 Gene and its Associations with Somatic Cell Score in Chinese Holstein Cattle [J]. , 2013, 40(11): 134-138.