不同饲养方式、去势对短角牛育肥、屠宰性能和肉品质的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2024.09.011

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】 The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different feeding methods, castration on growth and fattening, slaughtering performance and meat quality of Shorthorn were studied. 【Method】 18 Shorthorn with similar body weight at about 17 months of age were selected, including 12 bulls (divided into 2 groups:Grazing bull group and fattening bull group, with 6 bulls in each group) and 6 steers (fattening steer group).The bulls in grazing bull group were raised by grazing, and in fattening bull group and fattening steer group were fattened in a fence style and freely fed with total mixed ration (TMR).All bulls in three groups were fed and fattened until 24 months of age and slaughtered.The fattening performance, slaughter performance and meat quality of Shorthorn were measured. 【Result】 Under different feeding methods, the final weight, average daily gain (ADG), body slanting length, chest girth and abdominal circumference, carcass weight, slaughter rate, meat percentage, meat-bone ratio, carcass meat production rate, backfat thickness, loin muscle area, marling, total meat weight, as well as the weight of heart, liver, spleen, lungs, kidneys, and the crude fat and protein content of the longissimus dorsi muscle and biceps femoris muscle in fattening bull group were extremely significantly or significantly higher than those in grazing bull group (P＜0.01 or P＜0.05).The shear force and water content of the longissimus dorsi muscle and biceps femoris were significantly or extremely significantly lower than those in the grazing bull group (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01). Under the same feeding method, the ADG, loin muscle area, weight of choicest and premium cuts, heart and liver weight, shear force of the longissimus dorsi muscle, water content of the biceps femoris and longissimus dorsi muscle in fattening bull group were significantly or extremely significantly higher than those in the fattening steer group (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01), while marling，crude fat content of biceps femoris and longest back muscle, and crude protein content of the biceps femoris were significantly or extremely significantly lower than those in fattening steer group (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01). 【Conclusion】 Fattening could improve growth and slaughter performance, beef tenderness and nutritional levels, while castration could reduce the fattening and slaughter performance of Shorthorn.However, it could improve the marbling grade, tenderness, and beef quality of Shorthorn.Therefore, castration should be decided based on market demand.

Key words: Shorthorn; feeding methods; castration; fattenning performance; slaughter performance; meat quality

CLC Number:

S823.8

DAI Sifan, ZHANG Ruiyun, WANG Zibei, ZHI Li, ZHAO Minlin, ZHU Shengquan, YAO Xinrong, LIU Yiduan, WANG Lixing, QU Kaixing, WU Dongwang, MAO Huaming, LI Qing. Effects of Different Feeding Methods, Castration on Fattening,Slaughtering Performance and Meat Quality of Shorthorn[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2024, 51(9): 3817-3827.

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Effects of Different Feeding Methods, Castration on Fattening,Slaughtering Performance and Meat Quality of Shorthorn

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