Key words: A single factorial experiment was designed to study the effects of urea and molasses silage on the fermentation quality of the rubbed sheath of sugarcane. Group 1 was used as control; and the sheath of sugarcane for was ensilaged directly; the other 4 groups were added by 0.6% urea; 1.0% urea; 5% molasses and 5% molasses + 0.6% urea in the sheath of sugarcane respectively. The ensiling period was lasted for 90 days. The results indicated that the protein level of the sheath of sugarcane; treated with 0.6% urea; 1% urea and 0.6% urea + 5% molasses; were significantly increased; and there were no significant difference among 4 experimental groups. Treated with urea; the pH value of the ensiling sheath of sugarcane was higher and the appearance was also affected. In the ensiling sheath of sugarcane treated with 5% molasses and 0.6% urea + 5% molasses; the crude fiber(CF )level was decreased; the content of the soluble carbohydrate was increased; pH value and the appearance were also improved. Conside