睡眠剥夺对哺乳动物消化系统的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2021.04.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 睡眠剥夺对动物和人体的生理结构和功能产生多方面的负面影响，可引发多种疾病甚至死亡，尤其与机体的消化吸收和新陈代谢等过程密切相关。作者主要围绕睡眠剥夺对胃、肠、肝脏等器官的结构和功能所造成的影响进行了归纳和总结，并针对睡眠剥夺对机体氧化应激水平、细胞因子浓度和激素分泌等产生影响，进而引起消化系统紊乱的可能机制进行了分析。除此之外，食物摄入等对睡眠剥夺动物的状态也有所影响。睡眠剥夺对消化系统的影响包括使消化道黏膜及肝细胞遭受损伤、胃运动功能下降、肠道菌群紊乱及胃肠激素、胰岛素分泌异常等，进而影响机体能量代谢，减缓其从损伤中恢复的速度，患各种恶性疾病的概率也增加。睡眠剥夺作为一种应激原，会显著提升机体的氧化应激水平，令细胞的代谢负担加大，多种生物大分子，特别是DNA被破坏；细胞因子如肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）的释放增加则使炎症反应广泛发生；激素分泌也是这些损伤过程中的一环，若损伤不断发展，则导致患恶性肿瘤风险加剧。在实践也发现了一些可对睡眠剥夺状态产生影响的食物和药物，但其机制尚不明确。目前，针对睡眠剥夺对机体消化系统乃至全身范围内的损伤机制研究尚有许多空白，未来仍需进行广泛、深入的研究。

关键词: 睡眠剥夺; 消化系统; 氧化应激

Abstract: Sleep deprivation has negative effects on both animals' and humans' physical structures and functions.It can lead to multiple diseases,even cause death,especially connect to the body's digestion and metabolism.This article mainly summarizes the effects of sleep deprivation on the structure and function of stomach,intestine,liver and other organs,and focuses on the effects of sleep deprivation on the body's oxidative stress level,cytokine concentration and hormone secretion,and why they may cause digestive system disorders.In addition,food intake also affects the state of sleep deprived animals.The effects of sleep deprivation on the digestive system include damage to the digestive tract mucosa and liver cells,decreased gastric motility,dysbiosis of the gut microbiota,abnormal secretion of gastrointestinal hormones and insulin,etc.,which in turn affects energy metabolism of the body,slows down its recovery from damage,and increases the chance of getting malignant diseases.Sleep deprivation,as a stressor,will significantly increase the body's oxidative stress level,increase the metabolic burden of cells,and do harm to a variety of biological macromolecules,especially DNA.The increased release of cytokines such as TNF-α leads to widespread inflammation,hormone secretion is also a part of the damage process.If the damage continues to develop,it will increase the risk of cancer.Practice has also proved that some foods and drugs can affect sleep deprivation,but the mechanism is still unclear.At present,there are still many unknowns in the mechanism research of sleep deprivation on the digestive system and even the whole body,and there are broad research prospects.

Key words: sleep deprivation; digestive system; oxidative stress

中图分类号:

贾丽妍, 王钰雯, 黄佳琦, 陈耀星, 王铁, 曹静, 董玉兰, 王子旭. 睡眠剥夺对哺乳动物消化系统的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2021, 48(4): 1179-1187.

JIA Liyan, WANG Yuwen, HUANG Jiaqi, CHEN Yaoxing, WANG Tie, CAO Jing, DONG Yulan, WANG Zixu. Effects of Sleep Deprivation on the Digestive System of Mammals[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2021, 48(4): 1179-1187.

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