猪流行性腹泻及新型疫苗研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2020.09.028

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 猪流行性腹泻（porcine epidemic diarrhea，PED）是危害养猪业健康发展的重要疾病之一，具有急性、高度传染性的特征，给养猪业造成了严重的经济损失。猪流行性腹泻病毒（porcine epidemic diarrhea virus，PEDV）感染会破坏动物机体的消化系统，造成患病猪食欲下降、呕吐以及严重腹泻等，且药物治愈后的仔猪也会因为生长发育不良等因素严重影响生产，给养殖户带来巨大的困扰。2010年PEDV高致病变异毒株在中国暴发流行，导致PED的发病率和死亡率大幅升高，严重影响中国养猪生产。此次PED的暴发流行引起了养猪行业的密切关注，相关研究领域的学者对PEDV致病机制和PED新型疫苗进行了更加深入的研究，亚单位疫苗、病毒活载体疫苗、细菌活载体疫苗、转基因植物疫苗和核酸疫苗5种PED新型疫苗相继被开发，并取得全新的突破和进展。与传统的PED灭活苗和PED弱毒疫苗相比，PED新型基因工程疫苗具有安全性好、制备简单、免疫效果好等优点。文章着重对PEDV发病机理和5种PED新型疫苗的研究进展展开综述，从而加深对PEDV和PED新型疫苗的了解，以期为PEDV感染的预防和控制措施提供参考。

关键词: 猪流行性腹泻(PED); 发病机制; 新型疫苗

Abstract: Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) is one of the important diseases that endanger the healthy development of the pig industry.It has acute and highly infectious characteristics,causing severe economic losses to the pig industry.Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) infection could destroy the animal's digestive system,cause the appetite of sick pigs to decline,vomit,and severe diarrhea.And the piglets cured by drugs will also have a serious impact on production due to factors such as poor growth and development,which will bring huge problems to the farmers.The outbreak of PEDV highly pathogenic mutant strains in China in 2010 led to a significant increase in the incidence and mortality of PED,which severely affected pig production in China.The outbreak of PED has drawn close attention from the pig industry.Scholars in related research fields have conducted more in-depth research on the pathogenic mechanism of PEDV and the new PED vaccine.Five new types of PED vaccines,including subunit vaccine,virus live vector vaccine,bacterial live vector vaccine,transgenic plant vaccine and nucleic acid vaccine,have been developed successively,and new breakthroughs and progress have been made.Compared with the traditional PED inactivated vaccine and PED attenuated vaccine,the new PED genetically engineered vaccine has the advantages of good safety,simple preparation,and good immune effect.This article focuses on the pathogenesis of PEDV and the research progress of five new PED vaccines,so as to deepen our understanding of new PEDV and PED vaccines,in order to provide references for prevention and control measures of PEDV infection.

Key words: porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED); pathogenesis; new vaccine

中图分类号:

S858.28

郭思杰, 刘俊琦, 李玉娟, 孙志良. 猪流行性腹泻及新型疫苗研究进展[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2020, 47(9): 2935-2944.

GUO Sijie, LIU Junqi, LI Yujuan, SUN Zhiliang. Research Advances on Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea and New Vaccine[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2020, 47(9): 2935-2944.

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