China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine ›› 2024, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (6): 2605-2620.doi: 10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2024.06.035

• Preventive Veterinary Medicine • Previous Articles    

Research Progress on Cross-species Transmission and Prevention and Control Techniques of Hepatitis E Virus

HE Zhenwen1,2,5, LIU Dingyu1,3, LIU Baoling1, ZHANG Pian1, WANG Xiaohu1, WANG Gang1, HUANG Yuan1, CHEN Jing1, DU Zongliang4, CAI Rujian1   

  1. 1. Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Techniques of Guangdong Province of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Livestock Disease Prevention of Guangdong Province, Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China;
    2. College of Animal Science & Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China;
    3. The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430000, China;
    4. Qingyuang Longfa Pig Breeding Co., Ltd., Yingde 511500, China;
    5. Dongguan Zhongtang Town Agricultural Technical Service Center, Dongguan 523220, China
  • Received:2023-12-01 Published:2024-06-01

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Abstract: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a zoonotic pathogen mainly transmitted by fecal-oral route and is considered to be one of the major causes of acute hepatitis in humans.HEV can be divided into 8 genotypes,and the distribution of each genotype is related to the region and level of industrialization,among which HEV-3 and HEV-4 have zoonotic transmission capacity and can cause infection in human and various animal hosts.Besides human,pig is the most common host of HEV.With the deepening of research,it is found that HEV hosts are diverse,including cattle,sheep,deer,rabbit,camel and other animals,and there is a possibility of cross-species transmission among animal hosts.The cross-species transmission of HEV is formed through adaptive evolution in the process of frequent exchanges between human and animal hosts,constrained by the specificity differences of host cell receptors and cytokines.HEV genetic recombination facilitates the emergence of new strains adapted to hosts and may also promote new transmission pathways,thereby facilitating the cross-species transmission of HEV.The study of HEV transmission routes shows that transmission routes vary according to genotype,and consumption of animal products carrying HEV,especially undercooked animal products,is the main cause of human infection with HEV-3 and HEV-4.In addition,water contamination,occupational exposure,blood transfusion and organ transplantation are also important transmission routes of HEV.According to various potential transmission routes,HEV can be prevented by relevant prevention and control measures,including adequate heating of animal food to inactivate HEV,disinfection and purification of water sources,occupational protection and vaccination.In order to better understand and grasp the epidemic law of HEV,local monitoring of HEV should be strengthened and relevant prevention and control strategies should be formulated.This paper reviewed HEV etiology,cross-species infection and prevention and control technology,in order to promote the in-depth understanding of HEV cross-species transmission and provide reference for HEV prevention and control.

Key words: Hepatitis E virus (HEV); zoonosis; cross-species transmission; prevention and control technology

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