China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine ›› 2021, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (10): 3614-3624.doi: 10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2021.10.012

• Animal Nutrition and Feed Science • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Comparative Analysis of Gut Bacterial Composition of Grazing Male Yaks at Different Ages Based on 16S rRNA Sequencing Technology

GUO Wenjie1,2,3, LIU Shujie1,2,3, CUI Zhanhong1,2,3, SUI Lu1,2,3   

  1. 1. Qinghai Academy of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China;
    2. Qinghai Yak Engineering Technology Research Center, Xining 810016, China;
    3. Key Laboratory of Plateau Grazing Animal Nutrition and Feed Science of Qinghai Province, Xining 810016, China
  • Revised:2021-07-20 Online:2021-10-20 Published:2021-09-30

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Abstract: The gut bacterial composition of grazing male yaks at different ages were compared and analyzed to provide a basis for the regulation of bacterial function. Rectal fecal samples were collected from 0.5-year-old (Ac group), 1.5-year-old (Bc group), 2.5-year-old (Cc group) and 3.5-year-old (Dc group) grazing male yaks in Xiewu town, Yushu prefecture, Qinghai province. 16S rRNA sequencing technology was used to analyze the bacterial composition of yaks at different ages. Alpha diversity and Beta diversity were calculated by Qiime software. PCoA diagram was drawn by R software. Anosim analysis was used to test the difference between groups. Mothur method and the SSUrRNA database of SILVA132 were used for species annotation analysis, and Tax4Fun was used for functional prediction of gut bacterial. The results showed that the increase of age had a significant effect on the number of OTUs and Simpson index (P<0.05), and simpson index of gut bacterial composition was the lowest in Cc group. The results of Beta diversity analysis showed that there were significant differences between Cc and Ac, Dc groups, and between Ac and Dc groups (P<0.05). At the phylum level, the relative abundance of Firmicutes in each group was the highest, and that of Bacteroidetes was the second. The relative abundance of Firmicutes in Bc and Cc groups were significantly higher than that in Ac and Dc groups (P<0.05). The relative abundance of Verrucomicrobia was significantly different among different age groups and the highest in Cc group (P<0.05). At the genus level, with the increase of age, the relative abundance of Alloprevotella increased gradually (P<0.05). There were significant differences in some non-dominant Romboutsia, Oscillibacter, Akkermansia and Mailhella between groups (P<0.05). In function prediction, the metabolic function of yaks gut bacterial showed the highest relative abundance, which was more than 44% in each group. The expression abundance of functional genes of amino acid metabolism, signal transduction and cell motility in Cc group were significantly higher than that in Ac and Dc groups (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the expression abundance of functional genes among Ac, Bc and Dc groups (P>0.05). In summary, the gut bacterial composition of grazing male yaks changed in diversity with the increase of age. The changes of gut bacterial composition of 2.5-year-old yaks indicated that the protein digestion, metabolism and immunity of yaks were high at this stage, which provided a good foundation for fattening.

Key words: 16S rRNA sequence; grazing yak; gut bacterial composition; function prediction

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