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20 January 2013, Volume 40 Issue 1
Cloning and Function Analysis of Buffalo SOX2 Gene 5' Regulatory Region
ZHANG Hui-na, LIU Qing-you, LIU Shuai, LU Xin-mei, DENG Yan-fei, LUO Chan, SHI De-shun, CUI Kui-qing
2013, 40(1):  1-8. 
Abstract ( 350 )  
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To explore the transcriptional regulatory mechanism of buffalo SOX2 gene, its 5' regulatory region (2555 bp) were cloned, then five deletion mutants -2263, -1816, -1275, -660 and -407 bp were designed and constructed as EGFP reporter vectors respectively. The transcriptional activity of each deletion mutant was analysed by producing transgenic embryos and transfecting into buffalo fetal fibroblast (BFF). The results showed that the green fluorescent protein could be observed in all groups in pig embryos (4.5 d) except p-407-EGFP, and with the gradual reduction of the fragment, the activity of the deletion mutants had a highly significant decreasing trend(P<0.01). After transfecting into BFF 48 h, a small number of cells was able to see fluorescence in all groups except p-407-EGFP, and the transcriptional activity differences from each other were highly significant(P<0.01), the -2263 bp fragment had the highest activity, followed by -660 bp, then -1275 bp, and finally -1816 bp. No fluorescence was observed in p-407-EGFP group both embryo and BFF level. The results suggested that the -660~-407 bp was an integral part of the buffalo SOX2 gene basic promoter, -2263~-1816 bp contained the non-pluripotential cell-specific enhancer element, there were pluripotential cell-specific enhancer elements existed in -1816~-1275 bp and -1275~-660 bp.
Prediction on Structural Characteristics and Phylogenetic Evolution Analysis of MC1R Gene in Red Fox(Vulpes vulpes)
SONG Xing-chao, YANG Fu-he, BA Heng-xing, XU Chao, BAO Kun, XING Xiu-mei, WEI Hai-jun
2013, 40(1):  9-13. 
Abstract ( 322 )  
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In order to investigate the molecular characterization of melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) gene, the base composition and structure characteristics of red fox MC1R gene registered in GenBank were predicted and analyzed by the method of bioinformatics. In addition, the phylogenetic tree of MC1R protein was constructed by means of MEGA 5.05 software between 12 species. The results showed that the length of red fox MC1R gene coding sequence was 954 bp, which encoded 317 amino acids. The content of G+C was higher than that of A+T. The estimated molecular weight of MC1R protein in red fox was 34.8694 ku, with an isoelectric point of 9.13, belonged to the stable alkalinous protein with hydrophily. The MC1R protein of red fox contained 7 obvious strong transmembrane regions, 7 phosphorylation sites and the 157-threonine amino acid site could be phosphorylated by PKC. The main secondary structure of MC1R protein was α-helix, and it was a member of G protein coupled receptor family, contained a number of functional motifs. The similarity comparison and phylogenetic tree indicated that the evolutionary distance of red fox MC1R protein was the most homogeneous to arctic fox, dog and raccoon dog.
Construction of Tetracycline-inducible MC4R Gene Eukaryotic Expression Vector in Pig
XIE Yu, WANG Liang, ZHANG Dong-jie, LIU Di, SUN Ya-meng
2013, 40(1):  13-16. 
Abstract ( 299 )  
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Pig melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) gene was one of the major genes affect swine growing and finishing, to further study the biological function of the MC4R gene, preparation of high survival rate of transgenic pigs,through the use of Tet gene expression system,promoter regulatory region and transcription element of Tet-on and sequence of pig MC4R gene was amplified by PCR method. The above-mentioned components were linked into pcDNA3.1(+) to construct recombinant vector pcDNA3.1(+)-rtTA-PTight-MC4R by double digestions and connections methods. Restricted enzymes analysis and DNA sequencing showed that the sequence of the recombinant plasmid was correct and fragment was properly connected. Successfully constructed the Tetracycline-inducible pig MC4R eukaryotic expression vector, and in time-specific regulation of expression of the MC4R gene.
Effect of Herba Cistanchis on the Expression of the BMP2 Gene in Rat Osteoblasts
XING Xiao-xu, LIU Zhong-jie, HAN Bo
2013, 40(1):  17-21. 
Abstract ( 210 )  
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The objection of the study was to investigate the effect of Herba Cistanchis aqueous extracts on the bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) gene expression in rat osteoblasts. Osteoblasts were isolated from calvaria in neonatal rat and exposure to different doses of Herba Cistanchis aqueous extracts(5?10-5 to 5?10-1 mg/mL).RNA was isolated from osteoblasts cultured and BMP2 gene expression was detected by Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR. The results indicated that Herba Cistanchis aqueous extracts stimulated BMP2 gene expression.
Cloning and Construction of Eukaryotic Expression Vector of Chicken ST3GAL Ⅰ Gene
LIU Yuan-yuan, WANG Jun-ya, ZHANG Xiao-juan, CHEN Li-peng, YUE Xu-long, GAO Wen-ming, LI Shuang-liang, CUI Bao-an, LI Xin-sheng
2013, 40(1):  21-24. 
Abstract ( 424 )  
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Total RNA was extracted from intestinal of chicken by the method of Trizol. The α-2, 3-sialyltransferase Ⅰ(ST3GAL Ⅰ) gene’s cDNA was amplified by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction with specific primer. The amplified fragment was cloned into pGEM-T easy vector, then got the recombinant plasmid. Sub-cloning the ORF of ST3GAL Ⅰ gene of pGEM-ST3GAL Ⅰ and inserted the eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1(+). The target segment in recombinant plasmid was confirmed by PCR, restriction enzyme digestion and sequencing methods. The results indicated that ST3GAL Ⅰ gene was 1029 bp in length, the result of sequence was consistent with the sequence which included in GenBank, and without any mutation and deletion of codon. The length and directions of gene which inserted to eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1 (+) were all correct. The recombinant eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1(+)-ST3GAL Ⅰ had been constructed successfully, which laid the foundation for further eukaryotic expressing and studying of functional of ST3GAL Ⅰ gene.
Recent Research Advances in Target Cell of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 and its Cell Receptor
LI Peng, WANG Li-ping, ZHU Yan-ping, WANG Xuan-nian, ZHANG Gai-ping
2013, 40(1):  25-28. 
Abstract ( 390 )  
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Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is the primary causative agent of several syndromes collectively known as porcine circovirus-associated disease (PCVAD). However, the role of ligand epitope and cell receptor in pathogenesis of PCV2 is still uncertain.Receptor recognition is the first step in viral entry, and plays an important role in viral infectivity and pathogenesis.This paper reviews the current knowledge relating to interactions between PCV2 and its target cell surface receptors.
Establishment of the Hybridoma Cell Lines of Monoclonal Antibody against Capsid Protein of Jaagsiekte Sheep Retrovirus
Siriguleng, YAO Hong-qiang, MA Xue-en
2013, 40(1):  28-32. 
Abstract ( 346 )  
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In order to obtain the monoclonal antibody (McAb) against CA protein of JSRV-NM strain, BALB/c mice were immunized with purified CA fusion protein expressed in E.coli. Myeloma cells SP2/0 were fused with the splenocytes of the fore times immunized mice by hybridomas technique, and six specific antibody-producing hybridomas were screened by indirect ELISA with CA fusion protein. Five hybridomas cells of them could product McAb steadily after 3 cycles of cloning, and three McAbs of them showed positive reaction to the CA protein expressed in eukaryotic cells by indirect immunefluorescence tests and western blotting analysis.The results indicated that we had obtained three hybridomas cells which could product specific McAb against CA protein of JSRV-NM strain steadily. The McAb against CA protein of JSRV-NM strain developed would be useful as a basis of diagnosis and epitope identification.
Separation and Screening Proteins Associated with Resistant to Schistosoma japonicum Infection from Tissues and Serum of Microtus fortis
CHENG Gang, XU Chun-juan, WANG Jing-ren, LI Shu-hong, ZENG Wen-hu
2013, 40(1):  33-35. 
Abstract ( 225 )  
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In order to comprehensive compare and screen potential proteins resistance to Schistosoma japonicum infection from tissues and serum of Microtus fortis, the heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, muscle, skin, bone marrow, brain tissue and serum protein of Microtus fortis were collected respectively. The same proteins obtained from rabbits, cattle and mice infected with Schistosoma japonicum as control. The individual soluble proteins were separated by SDS-PAGE and stained with kaomasi blue R-250. The band sizes and their differences were analyzed. Results showed that the 85 ku proteins fractions in serum was more obviously and highly expressed after 12, 45 days post-infection in mice than in Microtus fortis; the 135 ku proteins fractions in liver and serum of Microtus fortis was characterized and more highly expressed than other animals. It maybe an important effective molecule against Schistosoma japonicum infection in Microtus fortis.
Review of Potential Virulence Factors of Haemophilus parasuis
HOU Na, ZHANG Pei-jun, GONG Yu-mei, LI Shu-fang, HE Cheng, HE Yun-xia
2013, 40(1):  36-41. 
Abstract ( 434 )  
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Haemophilus parasuis can cause Glasser’s disease in swine, which is mainly secondary infection and characterized by a polyserositis syndrome. An increase in the incidence, morbidity and mortality associated with Glasser’s disease has caused significant economic losses to the pig farms. By reviewing several potential virulence factors involved in H. parasuis infection and the use of new experimental approaches, the overall knowledge of the virulence related study of H. parasuis has been gained.
Establishment and Application of RT-PCR Detection of Pocrine Kobuvirus
ZHANG Wen-bo, LENG Chuang, DUAN Jun, DENG Shun-zhou
2013, 40(1):  42-46. 
Abstract ( 273 )  
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A detection method for porcine kobuvirus (PKV) with RT-PCR technique was established to detect the 3D gene of PKV from the intestinal tract of diarrhea piglets, with the detection limit about 2.3 pg RNA. 50 samples of diarrhea piglets were detected by the RT-PCR method, the PKV positive rate of samples was 58 percent. The PCR detection method established in this study has the characteristics of sensitivity, high specificity and good repeatability, and could be used in molecular epidemiological investigation and rapid clinical diagnosis of PKV.
Establishment and Application of an Indirect ELISA for Detecting Wild Virus Antibodies to Porcine Parvovirus using NS1 Recombinant Protein
TANG Zhong-he
2013, 40(1):  46-49. 
Abstract ( 378 )  
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Using recombinant NS1 protein as coating antigen, an indirect ELISA was successfully developed to detect wild virus antibody to PPV. The results of detecting the positive sera of other five swine diseases(CSFV, PRRSV, PRV, PCV2, PEDV) using the method were negative. Coefficient of variability percent (C.V%) of intro-batch and inter-batch duplicative tests was less than 5% and 10%, respectively. Lowest antibody titer of positive control serum was 1:12800. Comparing with the HI assay, the concordance rate was 100%. Therefore, the NS1-ELISA had good specificity, sensitivity and repeatability, and could be used as a simple and rapid serology detection method for monitoring the anti-PPV wild virus antibody and epidemiologic survey of PPV.
Development and Application of Rapid RT-PCR Detection Kit for AIV H9 Subtype
CHENG Fu-liang, LIANG Jin, FAN Qun-ping, CHEN Tian-tian, SU Zhi-rui, NIE Zhao-jing, GU Wei
2013, 40(1):  50-53. 
Abstract ( 347 )  
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In order to establish a simple, sensitive, accurate and rapid PCR detection method and develop a one-step RT-PCR detection kit for AIV H9 subtype,one pair of specific primers was designed and synthesized according to the conserved gene of AIV H9 subtype in GenBank, and then PCR method of rapid detection of AIV H9 subtype was formed, and through optimizing the reaction conditions, a rapid detection kit was assembled, and lots of samples from suspected AIV H9 subtype were to be detected. The results showed that AIV H9 subtype one-step RT-PCR detection method was successfully established, and then developed a kit, in addition, the rate of detection to samples suspected AIV H9 subtype was up to 98%, the detection sensitivity was 101.5 ELD50, and the stability was good, in the cryopreservation case, it could survive for at least 12 months. Moreover, the operation was easy, fast, economic, effective. Detection of clinical samples confirmed that the kit was simple, rapid, high sensitivity, specificity, repeatability and stability, it was worthy to be promoted and applied.
Expression and Characterization of E0 Protein of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus
YAN Wei-hang
2013, 40(1):  54-56. 
Abstract ( 339 )  
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A fragment of about 650 bp was amplified by RT-PCR technique with specific primers based on BVDV genome sequence. Then the target fragment was directionally cloned into pET32a vector. After identifying with enzyme cut and sequencing, the recombinant plasmid was transformed into E. coli BL21(DE3). The recombinant protein E0 was expressed in inclusion body form in E. coli after induction with IPTG. After purification, the purified protein was analyzed by Western blotting, the results showed that the purified recombinant protein retained better antigenicity.
Study and Application on the ELISA Kit for Detecting Aflatoxins B1
WAN Yu-ping, LI Yong, WANG Feng-hong, HAN Jing-peng, QI Xiang-wu, SHI Li-li
2013, 40(1):  57-61. 
Abstract ( 273 )  
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This study was to aim to use ELISA method for rapid screening of the aflatoxins B1(AFB1) residues. Coupled AFB1 to bull serum albumin(BSA) and ovalbumin(OVA) to obtain AFB1-BSA and AFB1-OVA respectively. Specific antibody against AFB1 was prepared with AFB1-BSA and ELISA kit,and had been successfully developed for detecting AFB1 residues. The IC50 of the kit was 128.8 ng/L,linear detection range was 50~1800 ng/L with the lowest detection limit less than 100 ng/kg. The recovery of AFB1 in edible oil,peanut and cereal was more than 71.3%. Coefficient of variation for repeatability tests was less than 14.2%.Therefore,the kit was simple,fast,sensitive,and would be play an important role in AFB1 residues detection in the plant food.
The Latest Research Progress on Transgenic Plant Vaccines
ZHOU Yan, ZHAO Qian, HE Nan-nan, YUAN Zhong-yao
2013, 40(1):  61-65. 
Abstract ( 253 )  
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Along with the development of molecular biology technology and the recombinant DNA technology, and with the deepening research of genetic engineering vaccine, traditional vaccine has already reflected many defects, using the technology of plant genetic engineering to develop new vaccine has become the focus of vaccine research gradually. This paper introduced the definition of transgenic plant vaccine firstly, and summarized its advantages. Compared with traditional vaccine, the transgenic plant vaccine was cheaper, safer, more efficient, easier to be transported and stored. Therefore, transgenic plant vaccine was becoming a hot issue in vaccinology. At present, the number of transgenic plant vaccine found in foreign countries more than 10 kinds. Also the paper reviewed transgenic plant vaccine’s present situation and mainly introduced the latest research progress, including its immune protection effect. Some issues and countermeasures were discussed with regard to the further development of plant-based on vaccine, as well as prospect of studies on plant-based vaccine were also introduced.
Development and Application of One Step RT-PCR Method for Detection of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus
WANG Chun-qing 
2013, 40(1):  66-69. 
Abstract ( 341 )  
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To establish a rapid bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) pathogen detection methods, based on BVDV gene sequence in GenBank, we synthesized one pair of primers, established one step RT-PCR for BVDV detection. The method was used for infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (IBRV), classical swine fever virus(CSFV), bovine para influenza virus 3 (BPIV3), all of the PCR results were negative, the sensitivity was 1 ng RNA. The established one step PCR method had good specificity, sensitivity, reproducibility, it could detect very low levels of BVDV quickly and accurately, it provided a kind of rapid, sensitive, specific and precise molecular biology detection method for pathogen detection and molecular epidemiology of material such as BVDV.
Development and Application of RT-PCR Method for Detection of Duck Tembusu Virus
LI Guo-ping
2013, 40(1):  69-72. 
Abstract ( 526 )  
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To establish a rapid duck Tembusu virus(DTMUV)pathogen detection methods, based on DTMUV gene sequence in GenBank, we synthesized one pair of primers, established a RT-PCR for DTMUV detection. The method was used for detecting duck hepatitis virus (DHV-Ⅰ), Newcastle disease virus(NDV), egg drop syndrome virus(EDSV), duck enteritis virus (DEV), all of the PCR results were negative, the sensitivity was 1 ng RNA, the established RT-PCR method had good specificity, sensitivity, reproducibility, it could detect very low levels of DTMUV quickly and accurately, it provided a kind of rapid, sensitive, specific and precise molecular biology detection method for pathogen detection and molecular epidemiology of material such as DTMUV.
Research Progress of DNA Vaccine
YANG Hai, WANG Fang-yu
2013, 40(1):  72-76. 
Abstract ( 405 )  
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DNA vaccine was the third generation of vaccine, and had reflected the competitive advantages and application potential in the past. DNA vaccine was developed on the basis of molecular biology technologies.Compared with traditional vaccines,it had more advantages,such as good immune effect, low production cost, and convenient for the clinical application, but it also could be found safety concerns. To provide the references for DNA vaccine researchers,the DNA vaccine history,immune mechanism and research status quo were summarized, and the viewpoint about its security was presented in present paper.
Isolation and Identification of Swinepox Virus JX01 Isolate from Jiangxi Province
DENG Shun-zhou, JIANG Xin-hua, LENG Chuang, ZHANG Wen-bo
2013, 40(1):  77-81. 
Abstract ( 358 )  
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A virus was isolated by PK15 cells culture from skin vesicles on nursery pigs in Jiangxi province. The virus could be replicated in PK15 cells without cytopathgenic effects(CPE). The virus isolate was identified as swinepox virus (designated as SWPV-JX01) by PCR which amplified P35 gene of SWPV, and phylogenetic tree analysis based on P35 gene showed that SWPV-JX01 was 97.9% identify to reference strain(AF410153.1) of SWPV. The rabbits and Kunming mice were artificially infected by SWPV-JX01, and the P35 gene of SWPV was detected by PCR in different tissues of infected rabbits and mice. The results indicated that SWPV-JX01 could be replicated in rabbits in vivo, but could’t be replicated in mice in vivo.
Cloning and Sequence Analysis of IL-8 Gene in Qinghai Semifine-wool Sheep
LIU Cun
2013, 40(1):  81-84. 
Abstract ( 242 )  
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This experiment was conducted to study molecular evolution, cloning and sequence analysis of Qinghai Semifine-wool sheep interleukin-8 (IL-8) gene. A pair of specific primers was designed based on GenBank. The IL-8 gene was amplified by RT-PCR and cloned into pMD18-T vector. The positive recombinant plasmids which was transformed to E.coli DH5α was identified by PCR and restriction enzyme digestion and sequenced analysis. The results showed that sheep peripheral blood lymphocytes was amplified bands consistent with the expected size (370 bp), the homology analysis showed that IL-8 gene was more conservative, which homology was 96.1% to 99.0%.
Effect of Phytase Transgenic Corn on Growth Performance, Carcass Traits and Meat Quality of Broilers
GUO Jiang, LÜ Lin, LIU Song-bai, LI Su-feng, WANG Guang-ying, ZHANG Li-yang, LI Ang, LUO Xu-gang
2013, 40(1):  85-88. 
Abstract ( 330 )  
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This experiment was conducted to research the effects of phytase transgenic corn (PTC) replaced of isogenic conventional corn (CC) on broilers diets. A single-factor completely randomized design was used. A total of 160 AA male broilers (one-day-old) were randomly allotted by body weight to two treatments (ten replicate cages of eight chickens per cage). Broilers of the control group were fed with CC diet,and broilers of the treatment group were fed with PTC diet. During the period of experiment,the concentrations of all nutrients (containing available phosphorus) in the diet of the two groups were equal. The experiment lasted for 42 days. The experiment had two phases (0 to 21 days and 22 to 42 days). The results showed that there were no significant differences in the average daily gain,average daily feed intake,or feed conversion ratio on each phase(P>0.05),and 42 d carcass traits and most indexes of meat quality between the control group and the treatment group(P>0.05).There were significant differences in the b* value of breast muscle and pH24 h in leg muscle(P<0.05),and extremely significant differences in pH24 h of breast muscle and b* value,shearing force,drip loss in leg muscle between the two groups(P<0.01). These results indicated that PTC diet had no more adverse effects on the above indicators than the control diet during the experiment period. Therefore,PTC could completely replace CC in using as energy raw materials in broilers diet,and decrease the amount of inorganic phosphorus and reduce environmental pollution.
Effect of Quercetin on Production Performance and Lipids Metabolism of Laying Hens
ZHANG Lin, LI Yao, FENG Xiang-an, LIU Ying, JIN Fang, HU Lin-lin, SUO Yan-li, LIU Hong-nan, LIU Yan-guo
2013, 40(1):  89-93. 
Abstract ( 430 )  
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The trial was designed to study effect of quercetin on production performance of laying hens,and explored mechanism of action at lipids metabolism. Two hundred and forty laying hens of 29-week-age were randomly allotted into the control and three treatment groups. Each group had six replicates and ten laying hens per replicate. The control group was fed with the basal diet and the test groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ were fed with the basal diets supplemented with 0.02%,0.04% and 0.06% quercetin,respectively. The experiment lasted for 8 weeks. The results showed that compared with the control group,the test group Ⅰincreased significantly laying rate and serum insulin content,decreased significantly lipid content in liver(P<0.05),the test group Ⅱ increased significantly content of lipid and total phospholipid in yolk,serum estradiol and insulin content,decreased significantly feed-egg ratio, lipid content in liver (P<0.05), and serum TG (P<0.01). There was a decreasing trend in LDL-C content(P>0.05),the test group Ⅲ increased laying rate,content of lipid and total phospholipid in yolk, but there were no significant differences(P>0.05). In conclusion,0.04% quercetin improved production performance and phospholipid content in yolk,decreased lipid content in liver.
Research Progress on Carbohydrate Response Element Binding Protein
TANG Hui, PAN Zhi-xiong, WANG Ji-wen, YI Jun, WANG Huai, YI Li-sheng, DENG You-fei, GAN Jia, E MU Qu-zhe, FU Mao-zhong
2013, 40(1):  93-98. 
Abstract ( 303 )  
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Glycolipid metabolism is the foundation of the energy sources of normal growth and development in human and animals,directly affects the animal lipid traits,therefore it has become the breakthrough point of cultivating high quality livestock and poultry breed. Carbohydrate response element binding protein(ChREBP) plays an important role in regulation of animal glycolipid metabolism in recent years,especially in major site of glycolipid metabolism-liver.In this review,the author summarised the structure characteristics,tissue distributions,mechanism of glucose-responsive,biological functions,gene expression regulation of ChREBP,and it might provide theoretical basis for following research.
Safety Evaluation of Adding Flavonoid from Oxytropis Glabra DC in Forage for Mice
ZHANG Ling, CHEN Gen-yuan, WU Shu-qi, WANG Shuai, MA Chun-hui
2013, 40(1):  99-102. 
Abstract ( 302 )  
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The experiment was aim to evaluate the clinical safety on feeding the different does of flavonoid from Oxytropis glabra DC in diet for mice. 48 mice aged from 6-week-old to 8-week-old were randomly divided into 4 groups,the average body weight of mice was (20±2)g, there were 12 mice in every group, every group had 6 male mice and 6 female mice.The control group was fed complete feed,the experimentⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ groups were fed with the adding of 10,30,50 mg/kg flavonoid from Oxytropis glabra DC.The trial period was 30 d. The results revealed that fed with flavonoid from Oxytropis glabra DC had no any abnormal clinical symptoms.The serum biochemical indicators,hematological indices and organ coefficients exsited in normal limits. It showed that flavonoid from Oxytropis glabra DC in forage had no subchronic toxicity, and was safety for mice.
Effects of Gross Saponins from Tribulus terrestris on Ruminal Fermentation Characteristics in vitro
FENG Zhi-hua, GAO Yan-xia, GONG Jian-gang, LI Jian-guo
2013, 40(1):  103-107. 
Abstract ( 410 )  
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The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of gross saponin from Tribulus terrestris(GSTT) on ruminal fermentation characteristics in vitro using dual-flow continuous culture system.It was concluded that adding with 0,0.15,0.30 and 0.60 g/L of GSTT had no effect on ruminal pH and the concentration of total volatile fatty acids (TVFA)(P>0.05). Molar proportion of acetate,acetate to propionate ratio as well as NH3-N concentration significantly decreased(P<0.05),molar proportion of propionate significantly increased(P<0.05) with the concentration of GSTT adding.Theses results indicated that GSTT had a potential to be used as a rumen modulator to change the fermentation patterns and improve the utilization efficiency of energy and protein. Overall,it was suitable for supplementing 0.30 g/L GSTT.
Effects of Different Concentration of Chitosan Oligosaccharide on Immune Function in Layer Quails
CHEN Hong, ZANG Su-min, HOU Wei-ge
2013, 40(1):  108-111. 
Abstract ( 311 )  
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The experiment was designed to study the supplementing with different concentration of chitosan oligosaccharide on immune function of layer quails in diet.Selected 1 day old 240 Korean quails were divided into 6 groups randomly,2replicates in each group and 20 quails per replicate.Ⅰgroup was fed with the basal diet,Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ and Ⅵ groups were fed with the adding of 0.01%,0.05%, 0.10%, 0.15% and 0.20% chitosan oligosaccharide. Trial period was 35 days. The results showed that the chitosan oligosaccharide could significantly improve the quails bursal relative weight (P<0.05), significantly increase the relative weight of thymus and spleen relative weight (P<0.01),significantly improve the quails serum IgG and IgM content (P<0.05),maintain high serum antibody titer against Newcastle disease virus (P<0.05),significantly increase the content of complement C3 (P<0.05).Therefore,adding chitosan oligosaccharide could promote the growth and development of immune organs of quails and improve immunity,enhance the ability of resistance to infectious diseases, adding 0.05% chitosan oligosaccharide effect was the best.
Research Progress on Effects of Stress on Production Performance, Behaviour and Blood Physiological-biochemical Indexes in Pigs
YANG Pei-ge, GU Xian-hong
2013, 40(1):  111-116. 
Abstract ( 409 )  
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Significant changes of production performance,behaviour and blood physiological-biochemical indexes were found under stress conditions, and stress could damage animals.Thus,it was suggested that every efforts should be made to prevent stress,especially severe stress in livestock production,so as not to affect the orderly production,damage animals welfare and reduce economic benefits.The influence of weaning,cold,heat,transportation and slaughter stress on production performance,behaviour and blood physiological-biochemical indexes in pigs were mainly reviewed in this paper.
Isolation, Culture and Identification of Porcine Male Germline Stem Cells
KOU Xiao-qin, LIU Peng, LI Ying, YAN Hua, TANG Zhong-lin, MU Yu-lian, YANG Shu-lin, ZHOU Rong, AO Hong, LI Kui
2013, 40(1):  117-122. 
Abstract ( 357 )  
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This study was aimed to explore the suitable conditions for the isolation,culture of pig male germline stem cells, and establish the in vitro culture system. The cells were isolated from the neonatal pig test by the two step enzyme digestion method, and cultured for further identification, compared the enrichment efficiency of cells on laminin and gelatin due to the different adherence velocity. And then the cells were identified for the alkaline phosphatase activity and the expression of the stem cell marker protein OCT-4. The results showed that laminin was more suitable for the enrichment and growth of porcine germline stem cells. The enrichment efficiency and proliferation rate of cells using laminin method was obviously superior to which using gelatin sorting. The cultured mGSCs had the similar morphology and proliferation characteristics to mGSCs of mouse. The expression of OCT-4 was positive in target cells, while it was negative in feeder cells-sertoli cells. The target cells showed strong expression of alkaline phosphatase, while nothing was detected in feeder cells-sertoli cells. The results showed that, we have established the preliminary culture system of porcine germline stem cells, with well maintained stem cell activity, normal replication function and differentiation potentials.
Effect of Endotoxemia on Activity of ComplexⅠof Mitochondia in Liver and Protection of Aminoguanidine in Broilers
SHI Dong-mei, WANG Yan, XIANG Rui-ping, HUANG PU He-ping, ZHANG Hua, TANG Zhao-xin, XU Jia-hua, WANG You-ling, ZHANG Sheng
2013, 40(1):  122-124. 
Abstract ( 313 )  
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A total of 90 30-day-old commercial broilers were divided randomly into three groups that were respectively treated with LPS (lipopolysaccharide from Salmonella typhimurium, 5 mg/kg), AG (aminoguanidine, 300 mg/kg)+LPS and saline (2 mL/kg). After the injection of drugs, livers were taken from 6 killed chicken per group at five time points, i.e. 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 h. At every time point, the mitochondria were determined for the evaluations of the concentrations of complexⅠ. The results indicated that LPS decreased significantly the activity of complexⅠof mitochondria in liver in broilers from 1 to 9 h(P<0.05). After the injections of AG, at 1 h, AG didn’t change the activity of complexⅠ(P>0.05), and increased significantly the activity of complexⅠat 3 h(P<0.05), and didn’t change the activity of complexⅠfrom 5 to 7 h(P>0.05), and decreased significantly the activity of complexⅠat 9 h(P<0.05),of the mitochondria in liver in broilers. It might be concluded that the LPS induced the damnification of mitochondria, resulted the disfunction of energy metabolism, decreased the production of ATP energy, resulted the impediment of activity of complexⅠ. AG played an important role in the objection of LPS and the protection of broilers.
The Structure and Regulation of Growth Hormone on Dairy Lactation
PAN Long, BU Deng-pan, SUN Peng, ZHOU Ling-yun
2013, 40(1):  125-130. 
Abstract ( 418 )  
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Lactating is mainly regulated by growth hormone as the core of growth hormone family. Nevertheless, the mechanisms of the regulation are intricate, which are reviewed in order to impose thorough understanding to the mechanisms, based on the basis of previous studies on the composition and structure in this paper.
Research Progress on Milk Protein Synthesis Signal Pathway
SHI Lin-lin, ZHAO Feng, GAO Xue-jun, LI Qing-zhang
2013, 40(1):  130-135. 
Abstract ( 290 )  
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This review makes an introduction on the composition of milk protein synthesis about JAK-STAT and PI3K/AKT-mTOR signal pathways, the roles and the control mechanisms of the milk protein synthesis, also the regulation of hormones on these signal pathways. The research progress related to JAK-STAT and mTOR signal pathways is summarized. The review lays the foundation for grasp integrally and researching deeply of milk protein synthesis signal pathways.
Study on the Polymorphisms of LALBA Gene 5' Regulation Region in Cattle
YANG Yong-qiang, GONG Yu, JIAO Ren-gang, HUI Yan-ting, LIU Ruo-yu
2013, 40(1):  136-140. 
Abstract ( 370 )  
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In order to analyze the polymorphisms of LALBA gene 5'regulation region in cattle. Two cattle breeds (Wuchuan Black cattle and Guizhou Holstein cow) with significant difference in breeds property were selected to construct DNA pools, a total of 1126 bp sequences of LALBA 5'regulation region and part of exon 1 were obtained by designing 1 pair specific primers. The results showed that 5 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were found in the 5'regulation region which included T-114C, C-166T, A-225C, C-344T, T-778C respectively and T-114C was specific to Wuchuan Black cattle. Furthermore, bioinformatics tools were used to predict the core region of the promoter and identify various transcription factors binding sites. It demonstrated that 5 new transcription factors binding sites emerged while 11 previous transcription factors binding sites disappeared which included one located in the core region of promoter results from the SNPs found in this study, the remarkable change of secondary structure of RNA was also detected but the CpG islands was not found by using various softwares.
Bottleneck Effect Analysis of Five Pony Populations in China
YANG Sheng-lin, XU Long-xin, YANG Hai-bing, LI Ai-ping
2013, 40(1):  140-144. 
Abstract ( 396 )  
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Thirteen microsatellite loci were used to analyze genetic equilibrium of five pony populations in China (Debao, Guizhou, Ningqiang, Sichuan, Yunnan). According to the allele frequency,under IAM, TPM and SMM three models, the sign test and Wilcoxon sign-rank test were used to analyze bottleneck of five pony populations. The results showed that Debao and Yunnan pony were observed in the significant level under IAM and Wilcoxon sign-rank test(P<0.05), Ningqiang pony was observed in the significant level under SMM and sign test(P<0.05), but no one population in the significant level under TPM model(P>0.05). The results revealed significant level suggesting possible cryptic demographic in Debao, Yunnan and Ningqiang pony. The exploit and conservation priorities about pony populations in China were determined according to the result of the present study.
Polymorphisms Analysis of Toll-like Receptor 4 Gene Intron 2 in Four Different Chicken Breeds
TAO Zhi-yun, XU Wen-juan, SONG Wei-tao, SONG Chi, HU Yan, SHAN Yan-ju, CHEN Kuan-wei, LI Hui-fang
2013, 40(1):  145-148. 
Abstract ( 288 )  
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The genetic distribution of the polymorphisms of intron 2 of TLR4 gene in four different chicken breeds including Xianju, Baier, Qingyuan, Anka chicken were tested by PCR-SSCP and DNA sequencing in this study. The results indicated that a G1894C mutation existed in four different chicken breeds.There were three genotypes of AA,AB and BB in all the breeds. The results showed that inspected locus was high diversity,the average polymorphism information content (PIC) were Xianju chicken 0.570, Baier chicken 0.597, Qingyuan chicken 0.583, and Anka chicken 0.588, respectively, and were accorded with the law of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The genotypes of G1894C polymorphism locus was no significant differences between the positive and negative groups after chickens infected with Salmonella pullorum (P>0.05).Genotype distribution of G1894C polymorphism locus was highly significant difference between Xianju and Baier chicken (P<0.01), which would provide scientific basis and technological supporting for resistance-related gene analysis in future.
Research of the Effects of Different Adjuvants Multiple Vaccines for Cow Mastitis Immunization on Mice
LI Hong-sheng, LUO Jin-yin, WANG Xu-rong, LI Xin-pu, YANG Feng, YU Jie, XU Ji-ying, YAN Zuo-ting
2013, 40(1):  149-152. 
Abstract ( 247 )  
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This study was performed to investigate the effects of two adjuvants (aluminum hydroxide gel and propolis) multiple vaccines for cow mastitis immunization on mice. Rosette-forming cells (E-RFC) and lymphocyte transformation rate (LTR) of mice were chosen for immune response analysis after immuned at 7, 14, 21, 30 and 45 d, respectively. The results showed that the cellular immune level was improved significantly by both aluminum hydroxide gel and propolis, and reached peak at 30 d (P<0.01). However, at 30 and 45 d, propolis group showed the extremly higher E-RFC and LTR level than aluminum hydroxide gel group (P<0.01), which meaned that propolis, compared with aluminum hydroxide gel, could induce stronger sensitization degree of the multiple vaccines to T cell in mice. This study could provide scientific data for elucidating the immunization principle of multiple vaccines and screening the suitable adjuvant for vaccine.
Molecular Epidemiological Investigation of Genes Related with the Major Adhesion Factors in Shiga Toxin-producing Escherichia coli from Yak
SONG Ding-zhou, YU Xue-hui, TANG Cheng, LI Jian, RAN Dan-dan
2013, 40(1):  153-157. 
Abstract ( 257 )  
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The assay was aimed to investigate the prevalence of the major adhension factors in Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli from Yak.By using the method of PCR to detect the adhension factors of eae,saa,iha genes in the 70 STEC isolates from the healthy Yak in Sichuan Ganzi,Aba and other places,some of the adhension genes were cloned and sequenced. The results showed that the carried rates of saa and iha genes were 71.42%(50/70) and 78.57%(55/70) respectively in 70 STEC strains from Yak, none of the STEC isolates carried the eae gene(0/70), the homology of saa and iha genes was 100% and 93% to 99% respectively with the reference sequences in GenBank.STEC isolates from the healthy Yak didn’t have eae gene which encoded by LEE virulence island, the carried rates of other adhension virulence genes saa, iha was higher.
Research Progress of the Etiology and Prevention of Bovine Respiratory Disease
FAN Ying, ZHANG Ji-yu, ZHOU Xu-zheng, LI Bing, LI Jian-yong, NIU Jian-rong, WEI Xiao-juan, LI Jin-shan, YANG Ya-jun
2013, 40(1):  157-163. 
Abstract ( 380 )  
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The outburst of bovine respiratory disease is mainly caused by single infection and mixed infection of bovine herpes virus 1, bovine respiratory syncytial virus, bovine viral diarrhoea virus, bovine parainfluenza virus 3, bovine coronavirus, bovine mycoplasma, and pasteurella multocida. The focus of this review was to summarize the etiology of these pathogens and the corresponding prevention research.
Isolation,Identification and Antibiotics Sensitivity of Intestinal Salmonella of Non-human Primates
ZHAO Bo, LI Bo, WANG Qiang, YU Jian-qiu, YANG Guang-you, CHEN Hong-wei
2013, 40(1):  164-168. 
Abstract ( 257 )  
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A total of 384 fecal samples were collected from 13 zoological gardens and examined for intestinal Salmonella. 153 strains of Salmonella were isolated and identified by series of tests, including isolation of bacteria, biochemical tests, etc. The separation rate was 39.84%. According to the CLSI, antimicrobial susceptibility test, against 22 kinds of common antibiotics and other antibiotics, was carried out for the 153 strains of Salmonella. Our results indicated that the 153 strains of Salmonella showed varying degrees of drug resistance. They were of the highest resistance to carbenicillin (drug resistance rate,95.42%). They had the highest sensitivity to imipenem (sensitivity rate,90.20%). The phenomenon of multiple drug resistance occurred in all strains of Salmonella. One of these strains was resistant to 18 kinds of antibiotics. 123 strains, 80.39% of all strains isolated, were indentified to be resistant to 2 to 12 kinds of antibiotics. Variance analysis of resistance to 22 kinds of common antibiotics was conducted, and the results suggested that there were differences in drug resistance among the Salmonella strains collected from 13 zoological gardens.
Pathogenicity and Identification Methods of the Nontuberculous Mycobacteria
CHEN Fei-fei, WANG Chun-fang, QIAN Ai-dong
2013, 40(1):  169-171. 
Abstract ( 300 )  
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Nontuberculous Mycobacteria belonged to the Mycobacterium of Mycobacteriaceae of the Actinomycetales, the nontuberculous Mycobacteria distributed widely and could infect domestic animals and humans. In recent years, an increasing number of nontuberculous Mycobacteria disease had been discovered and reported, it had caused the researchers’s attention and interest. Because the nontuberculous Mycobacteria and Mycobacteria tuberculosis were similar in clinical manifestations, they were difficult for diagnosis. This paper expounded the pathogenicity of nontuberculous Mycobacteria from three aspects, susceptible population, infected part, growth in terms of infection and chronic, and illustrated their clinical symptoms, then compared several analysis and identified methods such as traditional method, phage analysis, polymerase chain reaction technology and nucleic acid probes. It supported that when the clinical characterization was similar, not only using traditional method for identification, but also using multiple separation method for combination of separation identification. It could reduce time and save cost, and we should continue to research and develop new analysis and identify methods.
The Influences of Probiotics on Intestinal Microflora in Piglet
CHEN Li-xian, HU Ting, XU Ke, WANG An-ru
2013, 40(1):  172-174. 
Abstract ( 445 )  
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For studying the influences of probiotics on intestinal microflora in piglet,60 heads of about 7.5 kg "Duroc ? Landrace ? Large white pig"original breeding,were randomly divided into 2 groups,3 replicates in each group,each replicate 10 heads. The piglets were divided into the experiment group and control group, the control group was fed with basal diet, the test group was fed with basal diet +0.1% probiotic.Detecting clusters of piglet growth performance and intestinal flora. The results showed that probiotics could significantly reduce piglet diarrhea rate (P<0.05) and promote the growth of piglet.The results showed that Lactobacillus, Bifidobacteriub and Clostridium perfringens were inhabitants,while Escherichia coli and Enterococcus were not inhabitants. There was significantly less aerobes (P<0.05) and more anaerobes,especially Lactobacillus and Bifidobacteriub in the intestines from the piglet fed the diets containing probiotics than those in the control group (P<0.01). Probiotics significantly decreased in the number of Clostridium perfringens (P<0.05). Therefore, added with probiotic agent could effectively improve the intestinal microflora in piglet.
Schmallenberg Virus
ZHU Lai-hua, ZHENG Xiao-long, WANG Qun, XIAO Xi-zhi, DENG Ming-jun, WEI Nai-lin, YU Hong-guang, XIN Xue-qian, SUN Tao, ZHAO Yu-ran, WANG Gong-pu
2013, 40(1):  175-179. 
Abstract ( 543 )  
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Schmallenberg virus (SBV) infection is a new emerging livestock disease, provisionally named after Schmallenberg town in Germany where it was first identified in late 2011. So far the virus has been detected in Europe, including Belgium, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Italy, Luxembourg, Spain, the UK and Denmark. Also, Austria, Poland, Sweden and Finland detected antibodies in cattle, sheep and goats, respectively. Genetic characterisation has shown that SBV is closest to the Simbu serogroup of the Bunyaviridae family, genus Orthobunyavirus that are known pathogens in ruminants, and aretransmitted through arthropod vectors such as mosquitoes (Culicidae) or midges (Culicoides). The virus has been associated with two different profiles of clinical signs: brief mild/moderate disease (milk drop, pyrexia, diarrhoea) in adult cattle and stillbirths and birth defects in newborn ruminants (cattle, sheep and goats). There is no evidence that the SBV could cause illness in humans, as other comparable viruses are not zoonotic, but it cannot be excluded at this stage. Though there is currently no specific treatment or vaccine for SBV, vaccination is a possible option for controlling the disease as a vaccine exists for the similar virus Akabane. As it is a newly identified virus there are still aspects that remain unknown at this point until more research has been done.
Research Progress on DNA Methylation and Regulation of Mammary Gland Lactation in Dairy Cows
ZHENG Yi-wen, WANG Chun-mei, GAO Xue-jun, LI Qing-zhang
2013, 40(1):  179-182. 
Abstract ( 402 )  
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DNA methylation is the earliest epigenetic modified way that results in the silencing of gene expression,and it plays an important role in maintaining the normal cellfunction,genetic imprinting,embryonic development. Recent researches viewed that DNA methylation involvoed in regulation of gene expression associated with mammary gland growth and lactation.With the development of DNA methylation researches,more and more applications would be found on dairy production and genetic breeding.The author reviewed DNA methylatiion,mammary gland lactation related gene DNA methylation and the application of DNA methylation on the dairy cows.
Effect of Different Forage to Concentrate Ratio Diets on Health of Dairy Cows in Perinatal Period
JIANG Shi-kai, SUN Peng, BU Deng-pan, ZHAO Xiao-wei, ZHANG Peng, WANG Lin-feng
2013, 40(1):  183-186. 
Abstract ( 345 )  
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The experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of different forage to concentrate diets on cow’s health. Ten Chinese Holstein cows with same expected calving date, similar body weight and body condition score were randomly assigned into two treatments,low quality forage (corn straw) and high concentrate diet(the proportion of F and C was 4:6), and high quality mixed forage (Chinese wildrye, alfalfa hay and corn silage) and low concentrate diet(the proportion of F and C was 6:4). Compared with MF treatment, cow feed CS diet increased dry matter intake (DMI) in prepartum and postpartum period, and the increase extent of DMI in CS treatment was faster than cow in MF treatment. Meanwhile, urine pH was higher in MF treatment than CS treatment (P<0.01), but there was no difference in blood pH between two treatments(P<0.05). Furthermore, MF diets tended to increase disease occur rate after calving. These results indicated that low quality forage and high lever of concentrate diet tended to exhibit positive effects on postpartum cow’s health.
Influence of Isoflavones on the Proliferation and Lactation of Mammary Epithelial Cells in Dairy Cow
MU Ying, JIANG Lian-zhou
2013, 40(1):  187-190. 
Abstract ( 382 )  
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Effect of isoflavones on the proliferation and lactation of mammary epithelial cell of dairy cow were determined in vitro. The mammary epithelial cells during the logarithm growing period were cultured with serum-free medium for 24 h and synchronized. The experiments were assigned into 5 groups(0,1,10,100 and 1000 mg/L isoflavones).After 48 h treated with different concentration of isoflavones,the proliferations and viabilities of cells were determined by CASY cell count technology. The secretion of β-casein and lactose of cells were determined by high efficiency liquid chromatography(HPLC) and the secretion of triglyceride of cells were determined by triglyceride test kit. The results showed that 10,100 and 1000 mg/L isoflavones significantly improved dairy cow mammary epithelial cell proliferation(P<0.05) and the secretion of β-casein,lactose and triglyceride compared with the control group(P<0.05).Therefore,10,100 and 1000 mg/L of isoflavones could advance the proliferation and lactation of mammary epithelial cell of dairy cow,and it was concentration-dependent.
Correlation Analysis of Somatic Cell Score and Milk Composition of Dairy Cows in Near Hohhot
HUANG Chun-hua, HUGE Ji-letu, GE Gen, HOU Rong-lun, BAI Jun-sheng, XIAO Liang, HASI Su-rong
2013, 40(1):  191-196. 
Abstract ( 372 )  
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Measuring and analyzing the somatic cell count(SCC) and milk composition of Holstein cows from two farms in Hohhot suburb, to study the variation of SCC in milk and the correlations between somatic cell score(SCS) and milk composition of Holstein cows. Collecting the milk sample with standard methods, and measuring the milk sample with Bentley FTS/FCM 400 Combi, and then analyzing the data statistically. The results showed that SCC was lowest in 1st parity(P<0.01) and highest in 7th parity(P<0.01); SCC in the early stage of lactation was lower than middle and late stages of lactation(P<0.05); while SCC from lower 100×103/mL to higher 1000×103/mL, the milk yield and the content of lactose were statistically significant(P<0.01) decreased about 6.07 kg(22.97%) and 0.40%(8.06%), the content of fat and the content of protein  wre statistically significant(P<0.01) increased about 0.32%(8.31%) and 0.26%(8.05%). The content of fat in autumn and winter were statistically significant(P<0.01) higher than the content of fat in spring and summer, the content of protein was the highest in autumn and the lowest in spring(P<0.01), the content of lactose was the highest in spring(P<0.01) and lower in autumn and winter. SCC was the highest in winter and the lowest in autumn(P<0.01), the whole year average showed statistically significant(P<0.01) positive correlation between SCS and fat content(0.034) and protein content(0.111), and statistically significant(P<0.01) negative correlation between SCS and daily milk yield(-0.172) and lactose content(-0.283). Therefore, SCC tended to increase with advancing parity, the daily milk yield and lactose content tended to decrease with advancing SCC, the fat content tended to increase with advancing SCC, the milk composition and SCC were affected by the seasons differently, SCC significantly affected daily milk yield and the contents of milk fat, protein and lactose.
Diagnosis of a Co-infection Caused by Infectious Bronchitis Virus and Escherichia coli in Three-Yellow Chickens
CHEN Zhen, SHI Shao-hua, LIN Su, ZHU Chun-hua, LIU Bin-qiong, CAI Guo-zhang, LIN Yu, HUANG Yu
2013, 40(1):  196-198. 
Abstract ( 302 )  
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Infectious bronchitis virus and Escherichia coli were the two serious dangers of the chicken industry. A group of Three-Yellow chickens had been experienced a co-infection caused by infectious bronchitis virus and Escherichia coli in southeastern region of Fujian province in spring to summer interfacing of 2011,characterized by overt symptoms and lesions. The causative agents had been isolated, a Escherichia coli strain with serotype of O78 identified by agglutination test, and a infectious bronchitis virus, named as FJ/11/05, identified by RT-PCR. Sequencing of M gene of FJ/11/05 indicated that there were closer relations between FJ/11/05 and American strains (M41 and Beaudette). However, a distinguished diversion exited in FJ/11/05 and vaccine strains (H120 and D41).
Instruction Function in Drug Administration on the New PK-PD-MSW Modeling Based on Mutant Prevent Concentration
LIAO Xue-ling, ZHANG Bing-xu, DING Huan-zhong
2013, 40(1):  199-203. 
Abstract ( 389 )  
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Development history of pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic(PK/PD) model for antimicrobial drugs was reviewed in the present article, including the important role of new PK/PD model in inhibition bacterial resistance mutation, intruction in the rational design of drug regimen and new drug investigation. In addition, problems of clinical application of PK/PD model were also discussed.
Comparative Therapy Tests of Several Medicines to Rex Rabbit Mites Disease
LI Chong, JIN Sheng-zao, LIU Xin
2013, 40(1):  203-205. 
Abstract ( 287 )  
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In order to explore the effect of drugs combination to treat the rex rabbit mites disease, we divided 50 diagnosed mites disease rex rabbits into 5 groups randomly, each group had 10. Group A was treated with ivermectin, group B was treated with ivermectin combine miticide; group C was treated with ivermectin combine amitraz, group D was treated with ivermectin combine tangerine peel active principle acetate, group E was treated with ivermectin combine trichlorfon. The results showed that cure rate of group A was 60%, cure rate of group B was 80%, cure rate of group C was 90%, cure rate of group D was 90%, cure rate of group E was 70%, it indicated that the ivermectin combine amitraz and ivermectin combine tangerine peel active principle acetate treat rex rabbit mites disease had the best effect.
Initially Constructing of Mink Breeding Ram-breeding Flock
ZHONG Wei, LI Guang-yu, LIU Han-lu, SUN Wei-li, ZHAO Jia-ping, LI Dan-li, CHANG Zhong-juan, XU Chao, CAO Xin-yan, WANG Kai-ying, ZHAO Jing-bo, BAO Kun, YANG Chen-jie
2013, 40(1):  206-209. 
Abstract ( 329 )  
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The paper for standard black mink in Jilin Zuo-jia area as a example, according to the standard of seed selection, quantifying the performance of seed selection, specifically quantifying the reproductive performance of selected female mink and growing performance of weaning young mink as well as fur performance of ripe mink, optimizing the standard mink to construct breeding ram-breeding flock in order to improve colony quality. It provided concrete manipulation standard for production practice and established the foundation for next breed selection of mink.
Effect of Different Proportion of Wheat Bran and Corn Straw on the Growth Performance in Yellow Powder Larva
WANG Chun-qing, MA Ming-long, DING Xiu-wen, LÜ Shu-chen
2013, 40(1):  210-212. 
Abstract ( 351 )  
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In order to study the effect of different proportion of wheat bran and corn straw on the Yellow powder larva growth performance trait, 1000 5 to 6-age Yellow powder larva were selected and randomly divided into five groups,the control group was fed wheat bran, testⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ groups were fed 20% wheat bran and 80% corn straw,40% wheat bran and 60% corn straw,60% wheat bran and 40% corn straw and corn straw, respectively. The results indicated that body weight, body length,protein content of the testⅠ and Ⅳ groups were significant differences compared with the control group (P<0.05). The body weight, body long,the protein content of test Ⅱ and Ⅲ groups were no significant differences compared with the control group(P>0.05),and economic benefits of test Ⅱ group increased by 15.15% per kilogram. Therefore,wheat bran and corn straw ratio in test Ⅱ group was the most suitable for breeding of Yellow powder larva.
Research Progress on Phytoestrogen in Production of Animal Husbandry
WANG Xiao-qian, HE Jian-bin, KOU Yun
2013, 40(1):  213-216. 
Abstract ( 292 )  
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The phytoestrogen is a kind of bioactive substance existing in plants,it’s similar with animal estrogen,and it has ability to integrate with target cell. It has some kinds of physiological functions and bidirectional adjustment,such as it can promote animals willgrow,enhance the body immunity,improve animals’egg laying and milk performance,prevent cancer and so on. It is a major component of some medicine. Due to have enormous medical value,people begin to pay attention to it and use it in human disease treatment,improve animal husbandry productivity in recent years. The author will review that for plant estrogen action mechanism and the effect of phytoestrogen on improving the production performance of dairy cows,egg quality,the farrowing of sow and the survival rate of piglet.
Research Application of Manganese in Layers Breeding Production
HAN Xiao-hua, HAN Tian-long, WANG Min, ZHANG Guang-he, LI Zhi-ming
2013, 40(1):  216-219. 
Abstract ( 334 )  
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It has been given more and more attention in these layers diseases which are caused by manganese deficiency or excess,and bring huge economic losses and difficulties in husbandry. The author introduced the biological function and application of manganese in layers breeding production,illustrated the manganese deficiency or poisoning clinical symptoms and cure measures,which provided the reference for veterinarians and farmers.
Comparative Study on the Dissolution Rate of Chemical Composition in Different Size Epimedium
LI Yan-ling, LIU Yong-lu, ZHAO Jian-ping
2013, 40(1):  220-222. 
Abstract ( 281 )  
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Comparing the difference of dissolution rate and total dissolution of icarii and flavonoids in different size herba epimedii. The icarii and flavonoids in the herba epimedii were determined by HPLC and UV spectrophotometer. The results showed that the dissolution rate and total dissolution of icarii and flavonoids in herba epimedii were increased when the size was more slim, and the dissolution of 400 mesh was the most. Compared with 300 mesh, the dissolution rate and total disslution of 500 mesh were reduced. Therefore, the 400 mesh was the best for herba epimedii.