China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine

Review: Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFAs) Regulation of Genes Expression of Lipid Metabolism

LUAN Guangchun;WANG Jiaqi;BU Dengpan;LIU Shijun;LIANG Song;LIU Liang

2007, 34(12): 5-8.

Abstract ( 1811 )

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With the development of biologic technology, dietary fat, apart from being an important macronutrient, has recently gained broadly attention for play
ing key role in regulating gene expression. It is proved that polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) affect the transcription of a variety of genes by integration
with nuclear receptors and transcription factors, but not limited to, changes i
n membrane composition, intracellular calcium levels, and eicosanoid production.Therefore, this article will be review on advancement of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) regulation of genes expression in organism.

Research Advances of Conjugated Linoleic Acid in Animal Science

GUO Tianfen;WANG Xinrong;WANG Ling

2007, 34(12): 9-13.

Abstract ( 1631 )

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This research had summarized on the conjugated linoleic acid(CLA) for its structure,sources,combining and biology function,and gad prospected the progress of application for animal science so as to know more on the function for CLA,by the way of using and production more effective reasonable to bring out more economic profit for husbandry industry.

The Effects of Combined Polysaccharides from Herbs on Performance and Immune Function of Weaning Piglets

LIU Zhuying;CHEN Qinghua;HE Jianhua

2007, 34(12): 14-16.

Abstract ( 1881 )

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A single factorial trial was conducted to investigate the effects of added combined polysaccharides from herbs on performance and immune function of weaning piglets. threeline crossbred (Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire) weaning piglets(28 d, the same average weight ) were randomly assigned to 5 treatments and each treatment had 4 replicates with 8 piglet per replicate : control group: basal diet, groupⅠ:basal diet+antibiotic group, groupⅡ:basal diet+0.05% polysaccharides added , group Ⅲ:basal diet+0.10%polysaccharides added, group Ⅳ:basal diet+0.15% polysaccharides added. The experiment was conducted for 28days. The results showed: compared with control group, the average daily gain of group Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ increased by 9.34%,11.80%, 19.90% and 14.74 %( P<0.01) respectively; the feed/gain of groupⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ decreased by12.42%, 8.28%,17.75%，14.20%(P<0.05) respectively. Compared with control group and groupⅠ, the lymphocyte blastogensis of group Ⅲ and Ⅳ extremely significant difference with control group and groupⅠ, Ⅱ(P<0.01), compared with control group, the average stimulate index of lymphocyte blastogensis of group Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ increased by6.25%，8.04%，24.11%和69.64%respectively.In conclusion, the addition of combined polysaccharides in the diet improved growth performance and immune function of weaning piglets.

Influencing Factors of Porcine Feed Intake

GUO Huihui;LIU Qi;WANG Lixian;CHENG Duxue

2007, 34(12): 17-21.

Abstract ( 1878 )

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With the improvement of porcine performance, porcine feed intake became one of the significant factors which limited performance. Porcine potential genetic performance and benefits were directly affected by feed intake, so special interest was generated among farmers and animal breeders. Porcine feed intake was influenced by environment, feed, health, genetic features and so on. In physiology, porcine feed intake mainly controlled by feeding center and satiety center of hypothalamus, and was accurately regulated by several regulatory genes which interacted with each other. This review was focused on the regulatory mechanism, influencing factors of feed intake and research progression of major genes.

The Effects of the Unite Bran Instead of the Alfalfa Meal Powder upon the  Growthdevelopment of Guineapigs

YU Wangyi;LIU Leping;MENG Qiong;YIN Sheng

2007, 34(12): 28-29.

Abstract ( 1260 )

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In order to decrease the cost of the laboratory guineapigs' nutritiona
l palletized feeds and to raising the guineapigs' Economy benefit；Solution source of Crude Fiber. seventytwo guineapigs were weighed from 150 to 180 grams and were separated into three groups randomly. Whole feeding experiment lasted for 60 days，Study on Effects of it on Growth and Development of guineapigs. The experimental results indicate that: unite bran could instead of the alfalfa meal powder partly or completely, No effect was found on the GrowthDevelopmen and organ coefficient and biochemical parameters on guineapigs.

Advance in the Research of Quantitative Trait Loci and Candidate Genes Correlated with Fat Deposition on Porcine Chromosome 13

HE Xiaoping;PENG Zhongzhen;LIU Bang

2007, 34(12): 34-38.

Abstract ( 1292 )

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Fat deposition is always the key point of research. Many quantitative
trait loci have been mapped on porcine chromosome 13 at present. In this paper, we introduced quantitative trait loci and candidate genes correlated with fat deposition on this chromosome. We can quest for candidate genes for fat deposition by comparative genomics and positional candidate clone approach in future, and then do linkage analysis or association analysis to check the effects of candidate genes, and apply the study results to animal breeding at last. 

Study on Microsatellite Genetic Polymorphism of Wild and Domestic Apis Cerana Cerana Populations from Jiangsu Province

JI Ting;CHEN Jing;YIN Ling;BAO Wenbin;CHEN Guohong

2007, 34(12): 39-41.

Abstract ( 2004 )

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Genetic diversity of wild and domestic apis cerana cerana populations
from Jiangsu province was evaluated with 8 microstaellite loci. The genetic variability within populations and genetic differentiation between two populations were estimated, the results showed that in 8 microstaellite loci, the 31 alleles were found, the number of alleles per locus ranged from 1 to 7, mean numbers of effective alleles was 3.875, the average expected heterozygosity and PIC of all loci were 0.0993 and 0.0778, respectively. Mean numbers of effective alleles of red jungle fowl in wild and domestic populations were 3.83 and 4.17. Genetic differentiation index (FST) of these two populations was 4.9%（P<0.001）, Reynolds’genetic distance and gene flow between the two populations were 0.05024 and 4.852 respectively. These results indicate that the heterozygosity and the genetic
diversity of these two apis cerana cerana populations were rather low, and suggest a tendency towards intermixing.

Analysis of Polymorphism on KAP6.2 and KAP7 Gene in Three Goat Breeds with PCR-SSCP

ZHAO Junxing;REN Youshe;YUE Wenbin

2007, 34(12): 42-45.

Abstract ( 2086 )

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The polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism
（PCR-SSCP）was used to detected the polymorphism of keratin associated protein(KAP6.2, KAP7) in three goat breeds. The results show that the KAP7 didn't present polymorphism in all three breeds while the KAP6.2 shows three Genotypes: AA, AB and BB. The frequency of all pattern types analyzed by PCR-SSCP were Hardy We inberg equilibrium in Liaoning goat breed, however the same result didn't appear in Liaoning-Kelan crossed goat breed and LiCheng goat breed. The different genotype homozygote on KAP6.2 were cloned and sequenced. The results indicated that both AA and BB have nucleotide substitution , the AA genotype presents the following mutation: 107 bp(A-G)，196 bp(C-T)，199 bp(T-G)，252 bp(A-T)，265 bp(C-T)，291 bp(A-G)，292 bp(T-C)，345 bp(T-G)，and the BB genotype: 164 bp(T-C)，194 bp(T-C)，199 bp(T-G)，201 bp(C-G)，233 bp(A-G)，275 bp(A-G)，299 bp(A-G)，309 bp(G-C)，327 bp(A-G)，352 bp(G-T)。The sequence of amino acids was analyzed, the result showed that some of the mutations in AA and BB genotype caused amino acid change.

Research Relations on Polymorphism and Breeding Performance of ESR Gene

LI Yumei;BAI Xiujuan

2007, 34(12): 46-49.

Abstract ( 1349 )

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Estrogen receptor is a nucleic acid receptor of ligand activating transcription factor.Having the significance effect on animal breeding performance.
Estrin extensive physiology functions must mediate through estrogen receptor. Research mutation of ESR gene function domain on its albumen function and mammal breeding performance effect. Possessing theory and practice significance.Therefor investigate polymorphism and productive relations of ESR gene during the production in order to increase productive level.Nowaday more and more the people pay close attention to the issue.

Correlation and Path Analysis for Wool Traits of Chinese Merino Sheep

ZHAO Wensheng;ZHANG Yajun;CHU Mingxing

2007, 34(12): 49-51.

Abstract ( 1324 )

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The effect of staple length, live weight after shearing, wool bend score, wool oil score and fiber diameter on greasy weight was analyzed by path anal
ysis using data on 998 Chinese Merino sheep (Xinjiang type) of 12 months of age.The results showed that phenotypic correlation coefficient between the five traits and greasy weight was 0.5552, 0.7048, -0.0759, -0.0917 and

-0.0105, and direct path coefficient of the five traits to greasy weight was 0.2103, 0.6447, -0.0105, 0.0324 and 0.1141, respectively. It was concluded that live weight after shearing was a main factor affecting greasy weight in Chinese Merino Sheep (Xinjiang type).

Cloning and Sequence Analysis of Exon 2 of BMP15 Gene in Jining Grey Goats

JIAO Cailan;CHU Mingxing;WANG Jinyu;FANG Li;YE Sucheng

2007, 34(12): 52-55.

Abstract ( 1999 )

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The 857 bp fragment of exon 2 of bone morphogenetic protein 15（BMP15）gene was amplified successfully by PCR in both 10 does of high prolificacy breed (Jining Grey goat) and 10 does of low prolificacy breed (Inner Mongolia Cashmere goat), and then it was cloned and sequenced. The results showed that the differences between Jining Grey goat and Inner Mongolia Cashmere goat consisted of two nucleotide and two amino acid changes and the homology of nucleotide sequence between them was 99%. Homologies of nucleotide sequence and amino acid sequence of exon 2 of BMP15 gene between Jining Grey goat and chicken, house mouse,human, pig, cattle, sheep were 71% to 99% and 43% to 99%, respectively.

Application of 18S rRNA/rDNA to the Research of the Ruminal Protozoal Taxonomic System

ZHONG Xia;MAO Huaming;DENG Weidong

2007, 34(12): 56-58.

Abstract ( 1305 )

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The polymorphic nature and the difficulty of cultivation of rumen protozoa have hampered effective assessment of protozoal taxonomy by microscopic examinations.The application of molecular biotechnology based on sequence analyse of 18S rRNA/rDNA should provide important information in the ruminal protozoal taxonomy.So the technological process can be introduced in this artical.

Change of a 12-nt and Titer of HCLV in PK-15 Cells

KANG Wenhua;HAO Junfeng;PAN Chungang;NING Yibao

2007, 34(12): 59-61.

Abstract ( 1352 )

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HCLV strain was grown in Primary bovine testicular cells, from 1 to 34serial passages were made continuously. The result of Sequence analysis showed
The homologies of 3’-UTR nucleotide sequence was 100％ from 1 to 25 serial passages. 12-nt(ttttttctttttt) insertion began to change from 26 serial passages, two T more than 1 serial passages in 69 place from 26 to 27 serial passages, Two T more than 1 serial passages in 69 place from 28 to 29 serial passages, six T more than 1 serial passages in 69 place from 30 to 31 serial passages, two T lack than 1 serial passages in 69 place from 32 to 33 serial passages, ten T more than 1 serial passages in 69 place 34 serial passages, A to G in 86 place, T to C in 92 place. HCLV strain from 1 to 34 serial passages cultured in PK-15 cells, immuno fluorescence assay in 72 h, Detection the difference of HCLV from 1 to 34 serial passages. detection indicated the titer of HCLV began to decrease from 28 serial passages.

The Anatomic Study on the Digestive Organs in the Wuzhishan Miniature Pig Inbred-line

JIN Erhui;SHAN Tongling;ZHANG Yong;MU Yulian;FENG Shutang;PENG Kemei;LI Kui;LIU Huazhen;TANG Wenhua;YANG Shulin

2007, 34(12): 66-69.

Abstract ( 1421 )

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Observed the anatomic characteristic of digestive organ by the gross anatomic methods, and measured the anatomic parameters of digestive organ in the Wuzhishan miniature inbred-line in this study. The result showed that the anatomic parameters of some digestive organs in the 4-months old Wuzhishan miniature pig inbred-line were more similar to that of human, but not that of the 2-months old. There were large diversity between the morphology of small intestine, large intestine and pancreas in the Wuzhishan miniature pig and human. Indicated that some digestive organs of the 4-months old Wuzhishan miniature inbredline were more suitable to transplant than the 2-months old, but some organs were not suitable to transplant whole organ, being likely to corpuscular transplant. This experiment provided basic data for the comparative medicine and the xenotransplantation.

Review: Bio-hydrogenation Theory for Milk Fat Depression Syndrome

LIANG Song;WANG Jiaqi;BU Dengpan;LIU Shijun;LIU Liang

2007, 34(12): 70-73.

Abstract ( 1951 )

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Milk fat is the most variable component subjected to dietary changes. Diets high in concentrates or containing unsaturated fatty acids always lead to Milk Fat Depression Syndrome (MFD), which is highly detrimental to the dairy industry. The theories trying to explain the MFD are mainly classified into two aspects. In one kind of theories, it is thought that milk fat precursor deficiency is the direct cause for MFD, which is proved incomplete recently. The other kind of theory considers that during rumen biohydrogenation, some unique fatty acid is formed, which inhibit mammary fatty acid synthesis including trans fatty acid theory and biohydrogenation theory. Molecular mechanism underlying mammary fat synthesis involved two key regulation proteins SREBP and S14. This paper gives a review on biohydrogenation theory.

Isolation and Identification of Bovine Clinical Mastitis Pathogenic Bacteria

HUANG Ying;YIN Xiaomin;LI Lihao;ZHAO Huafen;HAN Lifang;YANG Hua;ZHAO Deming

2007, 34(12): 74-76.

Abstract ( 1545 )

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Dairy mastitis happens frequently in cattle farm. Because of the complicated cause and no effective therapy, it has brought the cattle farms large economic loss. A series of experiments were designed to discover the reason why the disease happen in the cattle farm.76 bacterium were isolated from 105 samples of dairy mastitis, including 58 of streptococcus agalactiae(76.32%), 18 of escherichia coli(23.68%). The result demonstrates that Streptococcus agalactiae is main bacterium causing bovine clinical mastitis, the next is escherichia coli. It is important for the prevention and cure of bovine clinical mastitis.

Effects of Hemorrheology Parameters of Dairy Cows with Endometritisbefore and after Prevention and Treatment with Qinggong Herbal

OU Hongping;LU Yajuan;LIN Juchun;CAO Suizhong;LIU Changsong

2007, 34(12): 81-83.

Abstract ( 1316 )

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Using the blood viscosity degree instrument, to observe the hemorrheology parameters of dairy cows with endometritis with chinese herbalQinggongsan. The results showed: whole blood viscosity , whole blood reduced viscosity , plasma viscosity , erythrocyte accumulation index , and rigid coefficient of red blood cell of dairy cows suffering from endometritis were higher than that of normal dairy cows and decreased after being cured by use of the Qinggongyao, There were no significant difference of the hemorheology parameter between the control gourp determined primary and the trial group befour the treatment(P>0.05);No changes of PCV were found in all groups of dairy cows in the experiment (P>0.05). conclusion: Qinggong herbal could improve the microcirculation disturbance and decrease the blood apparent viscosity of the ill cows, and had a function of promoting blood flow. 

Study on Milk-yield Performance of Crossbreeding F1 by Red Holstein and Improved Simmental

ZHANG Xizhong;LI Jun;YANG Xiaomin;JIN Guang;ZHAO Naixi;ZHANG Shemin

2007, 34(12): 84-85.

Abstract ( 1477 )

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In order to increase milk yield of improved Simmental the experimental used Red Helstein crossbreed improved Simmental. The resultes show: average milk-yield of F1(parity is 1,2,3) in lactation period reached 4010.33kg. Milk fat, solid-not-fat, protein and lactosum is 3.54%, 8.52%, 2.72% and 4.70% respectively. In conclusion red crossbreeds can be used reserve resource of dairy cattle and utilized.

Progress in Mucosal Immune Adjuvants

LI Yanshen;DAI Jianjun;YU Qinghua

2007, 34(12): 86-90.

Abstract ( 1210 )

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Mucosal immune plays an important part in defensing against pathogeny
invaders. Mucosal and systemic immune response can be induced by mucosal administration. However, the vaccine is often degraded by the digestive lipid through the gastroenteric tract and many vaccines can cause immune tolerance. In order toimprove organism mucosal immunity and system immune response to the antigens, different kinds of mucosal immune adjuvant have been studied. The research progress of mucosal immune adjuvants in recent years was summarized in this article.

Research Progress on the Pathogenic Mechanism of Meningitis Infected by Streptococcus Suis Serotype 2

SHEN Yan;CUI Li;HUA Xiuguo

2007, 34(12): 92-94.

Abstract ( 1680 )

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Streptococcus suis serotype 2 (SS2) caused world pig industry huge los
ses, and is also recognized as a zoonotic agent causing human disease. The pathogenesis of S suis infections is poorly understood. This review discusses the pathogenic mechanism of meningitis infected by SS2.

The Use of Proteomics in Meat Quality: Present and Future

ZHU Yaqing;HAN Jianzhong;WANG Yanbo

2007, 34(12): 125-128.

Abstract ( 1688 )

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Protein is functional unit of almost all biological processes. Proteome refers to the entire complements of proteins that are expressed in a cell or tissue type under special conditions and times. The analysis of muscle proteome can provide voluminous information, thus reveals structures and functions of the proteins which determine variety of mechanisms underlying meat physiological processes. The present review introduced the relativity of meat quality and promeotics, and discussed the use of proteomics in meat quality based on the increased meat quality questions in the modern meat production. Furthermore, the prospect of proteomics in the meat quality would also be forecasted.

Study on Hybridization Effect of Zhuanghe Big Bone Chicken and Sichuan Mountain Wugu Chicken

WANG Hongcai;MA Wei;WANG Jun;SU Yuhong

2007, 34(12): 134-135.

Abstract ( 1482 )

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Zhuanghe big bone chicken and Sichuan mountain wugu chicken were used in this trial, growth and development and egg performance were studied through pure breeding and reciprocal cross, the result is as follows: growth rate、egg production and meat performance of the cross group are significantly higher than the pure breeding group, but there is no significant differences of age at first egg between the cross group and the mountain wugu chicken pure breeding group.

The Function of Embryo Transfer Technology in Our Country Animal Husbandry in Future

LANG Hongyan;LIU Xiaohui;WANG Xiaoyang;WANG Daguang; WANG Hao;LV Liliang

2007, 34(12): 136-138.

Abstract ( 1198 )

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Our country’s economy development and the socialism new ruralreconstruction all need to develop the animal husbandry, and in the animal husbandry the grass gourmet livestock industry must be first developt because of our country’s condition of many people and little land. But the one of main obstacles of developing the grass gourmet livestock industry is Proportion of high production individual is too low and the economic efficiency is too bad. The fastest effective method to solve this problem is the application of embryo transfer technology, This had decided the embryo transfer technology will act vital role in the animal husbandry development in our country in future.　

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