China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine

Effect of Supplementation of Soybean Oil and Linseed Oil on Digestibility of Organic Matters and Fibers in Dairy Cows

HU Zhiyong;WANG Jiaqi;BU Dengpan;YANG Shuli;DENG Lufang; WEI Hongyang;ZHOU Lingyun

2007, 34(6): 5-8.

Abstract ( 1251 )

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Four primiparous Holstein cows with cannulas in the rumen and proximal duodenum were randomly assigned to four diets with a 4×4 latin square experiment. Cows in four treatment were fed high forage（60%DM） diets without oil supplement（CK）, 4% soybean oil（LOC1）, 4% linseed oil（LOC2） or mix of 2% soybean oil and 2% linseed oil（LOC3） on dry matter basis. The objective was to examine the effects of supplemental fat on intake, apparent ruminal digestibility, and total tract digestibility of DM,OM,NDF and ADF in dairy cows. The results indicated that intake, apparent ruminal digestibility, and total tract digestibility of DM,OM,NDF,ADF were not affected by the oil supplementation(P＞0.05）,however the fat supplement tended to reduce the digestibility of DM,OM,NDF,ADF on rumen and total tract.

Effect of Glutamine and Glycyl-glutamine on Daily Gain and Developing Performance of Immunity Organs of Yellow-feathered Broilers

HUANG Xiaoliang;HUANG Guanqing;HUANG Yinji

2007, 34(6): 9-11.

Abstract ( 1356 )

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The experiment was aimed to study the influence of Glutamine and Glycylglutamine supplementation on growth performance and immunity organ growth of Yellow-feathered Broilers. 90 Yellow-feathered Broilers at one day old were randomly divided into three groups with three repetitions and 10 Yellow-feathered Broilers each: one group was fed the basal diet as control group, and other groups were fed the basal diet supplied with 0.40% Glutamine and 0.20% Glycyl-glutamine. The trial lasted for 28 days. The results indicated that supplemental 0.40% Glutamine or 0.20% Glycylglutamine could enhance average daily gain and the growth immunity organ including Thoracic gland,Spleen,Bursa of Fabricius of Yellow-feathered Broilers. Supplemental 0.20% Glycyl-glutamine could significantly (P<0.05) increase average daily gain in the period of 1~7 d and the Bursa of Fabricius index on day 28 of the experiment. Supplemental 0.20% Glycyl-glutamine and 0.40% Glutamine had the same influence in enhancing the growth performance and the growth of immunity organ.

Effects of a New Type of Legume Extract on Performance and Immunity in Rex Rabbit

ZHANG Min;PAN Cunxia;YU Yongxiong;DONG Guozhong;LIU Yong

2007, 34(6): 12-14.

Abstract ( 1615 )

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48 Rex rabbits were divided in 4 groups at random, 12 rabbits per group, the little rex rabbits were 35 days old. 1.2 kg legume extract was added respectively in every basic diet of group Ⅰ，Ⅱ and Ⅲ,group Ⅳ was the contrast. The rabbits were fed in the uniform conditions. Effects of the new extract on the immune organ growth, the blood biochemistry index and performance were contrasted. Results showed that: first, the average daily gain of group Ⅰ was significantly weightier than the contrast by 22.80%, and the feed/growth of group Ⅰ was remarkably lower than the contrast by 18.49%(P<0.01), the rest groups had the advantage of put on weight and enhance feed rewards than the contrast. Second, experiment I had the trend of raising the ratio of eviscerated yield with giblet, and the blood biochemistry index, the immune organ/weight were decreased. All the results showed that the new type of legume extract could speed the growth of the little rabbits, enhance feed rewards, the immunity and strengthen disease resistance of the little rabbits.

Studies of Saccharicterpenin and Flavomycin on the Production and the Intestinal Bacilli of Early Weaned Piglets

TANG Xiaoling;LIU Xiaofei;ZHANG Shirui

2007, 34(6): 15-18.

Abstract ( 1413 )

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A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of on performance and Intestinal Bacilli ,one hundred twenty twenty-one-days of Early Weaned Piglets were randomly assigned to five treatments with three replicates.there were eight piglets perreplicate. Feed and water were provided ad limbitum.All of piglets were fed with a common corn soybean meal based diet. Treatments were as follows:the control group(no Saccharicterpenin and no Flavomycin),the group treatment Ⅱ contained 250 mg/kg Saccharicterpenin,the group treatment Ⅲ contained 500 mg/kg Saccharicterpenin, the group treatmentⅣcontained 250 mg/kg Saccharicterpenin plus 4 mg/kg Flavomycin , the group treatment Ⅴcontained 4 mg/kg Flavomycin.The results showed that:Supplemented with Saccharicterpenin the ADG and ADFI of piglets were higher,compared to control group,the average final wt of treatment Ⅱ，Ⅲ，Ⅳ，Ⅴwas higher 4.00%，12.30%,5.21%,2.64%;the ADG of group treatment was significantly improved(P<0.05).FCR was highter when 250 mg/kg Saccharicterpenin and Flavomycin were combined than alone.

Effect of Rumen NH3-N and MCP of Tibetan Sheep with Control-releasing Urea Diet

LI Lin;XUE Bai

2007, 34(6): 19-21.

Abstract ( 1447 )

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The aim of this study is to discuss the effect of rumen NH3-N and MCP of Tibetan sheep with controlreleasing urea diet. Four two-year old Tibetan sheep fitted with permanent rumen fistula were fed quantificational different CP diet(containing urea diet(CP%=22.12%), without urea diet(CP%=22.02%), controlreleasing urea diet(CP%=21.97%) respectively every period. The results indicated that: pH and NH3-N concentration change quickly in rumen of Tibetan sheep with contain urea diet in a day, but slowly with without urea diet and control-releasing urea diet. Changing range of MCP is great, but releasing speed of energy and NH3-N is synchronous, compounding quantity of MCP is very much. There is terribly remarkable differences between control-releasing urea diet and containing urea diet, so is there between control-releasing urea diet and without urea diet (P<0.01). pH,NH3-N concentration and MCP content in rumen of Tibetan sheep with control-releasing urea diet is better than those of contain urea diet and without urea diet, that's show control-releasing urea diet is well about adding CP diet for Tibetan sheep and it is safe and high efficient CP nutrition diet.

MA Li1,LENG Jing2,3,CHEN Kelin2,3,GUO Rongfu2,3

MA Li;LENG Jing;CHEN Kelin;GUO Rongfu;

2007, 34(6): 22-25.

Abstract ( 1328 )

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To study the effects of hemp seed meal on production performance of broiler chickens，an experiment was conducted using a total of 200 one-day-old Tegel broiler chickens to investigate the effects of hemp seed meal to corn soybean diets on production performance in broiler chickens. Chickens were randomly divided into 5 treatments(40 for each treatment, 8 for each replicate). The basal diet was used as control group, and the experiment lasted for eight weeks. There were three physiological stages includingⅠ(1 to 14 days),Ⅱ(15 to 35 days) and Ⅲ(36 to 56 days) in this trial. The result showed: Compared with the control, the cumulative growth, average daily feed intake(ADFI) and average daily gain(ADG), improved in test groups(P>0.05). The feed: gain ratio(F/G) decreased, and the death rate also decreased in 1 to 56 days. It also can be concluded from the curve that there were no significant differences of palatability , between test and control group(P>0.05)；Meanwhile hemp seed meal had effect of rising on the indexes of growth potential, such as growth rate, F/G. According to the result of the test, the 3.8% at the age of 1~14 days，the 6.4% at the age of 15~35days and the 2.5% at the age of 36~56days in proportion were better in F/G.

Review of Studies on Penicillic Acid

CHEN Zhi;WU Jing;YUAN Hui

2007, 34(6): 28-30.

Abstract ( 1225 )

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The penicillic acid mainly is the metabolite which produces by the Penicillium cyclopium，may achieve 2% in the feed highest content. The penicillic acid harms one of fish breeding and poultry raising common mold toxin,feeds for a long time including the penicillic acid feed,can cause the animal liver to be tumescent, the liver cell denaturation and can suppress the zooblast DNA synthesis,Serious may cause the zooblast DNA break. The penicillic acid can have the union toxicity with other mold toxin, if affects together with other mold toxin can have a bigger toxicity. This article to aspect and so on penicillic acid structure, nature, harm, toxic, examination method and detoxication mechanism research has carried on the summary.

Research on the Rule of Development and Growth and Body Measurements Traits of Rugao Chicken

WANG Kehua;DOU Taocun;GAO Yushi;FAN Meihua

2007, 34(6): 40-43.

Abstract ( 1328 )

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Studies on the rule of body growth of 0-20-week-old Rugao chicken as well as 12-week-old body measurements traits. The results were as follows: ①the difference of the bodyweight between male and female chicken was significant (P<0.01), the coherence of the bodyweight among the male chickens was relatively low; ②Gompertz model can excellently described the growth model of chicken bodyweight (R2>0.996), the growth point of inflection was at 6~7 weeks. The heritability of mature and fastigium bodyweight were 0.09, the heritability of estimate of the weight at birth、the average growth speed, fastigium growth age was 0.21, 0.32 and 0.37, respectively; ③The estimating results of the variance component and heritability of the bodyweight had significant difference when using wholesib and half-sib genetic model. The heritability of male chicken bodyweight was significant higher than that of female chicken (both of them had high heritability) when calculated by whole-sib genetic model. Bodyweight heritability descended with the increasing of the age in general, and the maternal effects was smaller when the age increased. The maternal effects on male was larger than female; the male chicken bodyweight heritability calculated by half-sib genetic model were different from that of female chicken: smaller before 7 week-old,equal at 8-9-week-old, larger at 10-12week-old; ④The male body measurements traits were significant larger than female (P<0.01) except that the chest angle was not significant. ⑤The correlation between 12-week-old chest angle and other body measurements traits was not significant. Most of other measurements had significant correlation (P<0.05, P<0.01). ⑥The heritability of live weight, body length, chest bone length,metatarsus length, metatarsus circumference, coronal length, coronal height, coronal color, metatarsus color, chest angle, chest width was 0.53, 0.11, 0.64, 0.92, 0.42, 0.16, 0.15, 0.52, 0.25, 0.16 and 0.40 respectively.

Production of Porcine Transgenic Embryos Expressing GFP by Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection(ICSI)

MIAO Xiangyang;FANG Changge;SHAO Jianjun;ZHU Ruiliang;REN Huiying

2007, 34(6): 44-46.

Abstract ( 1678 )

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Intracytoplasmic sperm injection(ICSI), which is a new technique of embryo engineering of domestic animals, can solve the problem of porcine polyspermy. Porcine ICSI was conducted using repeatedly frozen/thawed intact sperm or sperm head which were incubated with GFP gene for 30 minutes.The expression rate of GFP gene in ICSI oocytes activated by CaCl2 was higher than that of ICSI oocytes activated by electrical pulse. The result showed that SMGT-ICSI procedure for the production of transgenic porcine embryos was feasible.

Study on the Polymorphism of α1-fucosytransferase Gene in Four Western Pig Breeds

WU Shenglong;JU Huiping;SUN Pengxiang;BAO Wenbin;;ZHU Guoqiang;LI Bichun;XIE Kaizhou;CHEN Guohong

2007, 34(6): 52-54.

Abstract ( 1212 )

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The polymorphism of FUT1 gene in 122 pigs from 4 western pig breeds including Durco, Yorkshire, Landrace and Pietrain were investigated by means of PCR-RFLP. The results showed that different genotype of this FUT1 locus have been detected in the 4 pig breeds, but the AA genotype was only detected in Duroc and Pietrain. The result of Chi Square test showed that the difference of gene frequency between Landrace and Pietrain was greatly significant(P＜0.01), Landrace was significantly different to Duroc(0.01＜P＜0.05), and Yorkshire was significantly different to Pietrain too(0.01＜P＜0.05).

Expression of Phosphodiesterase in Porcine Ovary and Influence of Relative Herbs on Its Activity

CHEN Wu;GU Jinni;JIANG Daixun;ZHANG Bing;LIU Jie;YU Tongquan;LU Ping;MU Xiang

2007, 34(6): 55-58.

Abstract ( 1769 )

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Objective: To detect gene express and activity of phosphodiesterase (PDE) existed in porcine ovary and to study the mechanism of relative herbs for the data accumulation of breed disorder diseases. Method:PDE gene expression was detected by RT-PCR after the extraction of total RNA from the ovary of China experimental miniature pig; prescriptions like Cuiqing San and single herb were selected and the influence on PDE activity was analyzed, which was calculated by cAMP/cGMP content change examined with HPLC before and after the reaction. Results: mRNAs of PDE1A, 1B, 1C, 2A, 3A, 3B, 4A, 4B, 4D, 5A, 7A, 7B, 8A, 8B, 9A, 10A, 11A were expressed in porcine ovary except for mRNA of PDE4C in 18 subtypes examined; there was strong PDE activity in the ovary, and the activity of cGMP-PDE was stronger than that of cAMP-PDE. Each herb in Cuiqing San had powerful inhibition on cGMP-PDE activity, and Yinyanghuo was the most powerful herb. Conclusion:There are abundant PDE isoenzyme in porcine ovary, which exert important effect in the regulation of ovary function by cyclic nucleotide level, and the action of Cuiqing San is bound with its significant inhibition on cGMP-PDE activity.

The Establishment of ELISA Method for Detecting Porcine Resistin

LENG Yang;LIU You;LIU Yanfen;WANG Qun;PAN Yingbin;GAO Zhijie

2007, 34(6): 58-60.

Abstract ( 1170 )

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The purified resistin was used as antigen for immunizing rabbit to obtain resistin specific antisera. The ELISA for resistin detection is developed initially by optimizing conditions of ELISA action.The results showed that the working concentration of antigen-antibody was 1∶200 and 1∶400, the lowest detectability of resistin was about 193.75 ng/ml.The established ELISA method was shown to be sensitive,specific and reproducible.

Effect of Citrus on Milk Performance and Apparent Digestibility of Dairy Cows

ZHANG Shirui;YI Xuewu;LIU Hailin;LIU Yanying;TAN Xin 

2007, 34(6): 61-63.

Abstract ( 1722 )

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A feeding trial with 12 dairy cows was conducted to investigate the effects of citrus on milk performance and apparent digestibility. The results showed that: 4% FCM, milk fat content, milk solids content, milk fat product, and milk solids product in experiment group by supplemented citrus was extremely significantly (P<0.01), compared with control group, The citrus improved milk nutrients content and apparent digestibility of total mixed ration in experiment group.

Establishment of the Method of Detecting the Residues of DFLX by Indirect Competitive Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

LI Zhenhua;SIKANDAER Maihemuti;WEI Dong;ZHANG Naisheng

2007, 34(6): 79-81.

Abstract ( 1240 )

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DFLX hapten was coupled to BSA and OVA, DFLX-OVA was coating antigen, DFLX-BSA was immunity antigen. The indirect competitive ELISA for DFLX was developed. The result of experiment that the optimal concentration of the coating antigen, polyclonal antibody against DFLX and sheep anti-rabbit IgG were 1.25 μg/L, 1∶10000 and 1∶4000 respectively. Quantization of the DFLX was linear from 0.1~10 ng/L. with the detection limit being 0.2 ng/l. The coefficients of variation of intra-assay and inter-assay were 3.81%and 6.25% respectively. Then, the regression equation was y=0.7975-0.125x（R2=0.989）and there was a standard curve. So indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was established to detect rapidly the residues of DFLX in food of animal origin.

Biological Technology in Veterinarian Clinical on Application

SONG Wenxue;XIE Guanghong;WANG Zhe

2007, 34(6): 93-95.

Abstract ( 1714 )

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In recent years, the depth and breadth of biological technology to the rapid development. And the development of its animal disease diagnosis prevention and treatment there is no clear line between technology and play an irreplaceable role. If both for breeding transgenic animals, it can also be used in production of vaccines and drugs;DNA vaccines have the dual role of prevention and treatment; Monoclonal antibody immunity not only for diagnosis,guide can also be used for passive immunization and drug therapy.Biotechnology is not a single technology but rather a comprehensive technology system, especially in the veterinary clinic application development, the need for a variety of technologies, disciplines and areas of mutual penetration and coordinate with each other.

Effect of Se on Levels of IL-2，IL- 6 and TNF-α in Murine Serum

LI Xia;LIU Yongming;QI Zhiming;MENG Jiaren;LIU Shixiang;LI Jianxi

2007, 34(6): 98-100.

Abstract ( 1538 )

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Changes of levels of IL-2， IL-6 and TNF-α in sera of mice were observed after the mice were treated with different doses Se of 0.025 mg/kg， 0.05 mg/kg and 0.1 mg/kg respectively. Results were as follows. Se had functions to decrease the level of IL-2 in a dose dependent manner and lower the level of TNF-α significantly， and on the contrary the level of IL-6 significantly. The results showed that Se can enhance immune functions and adjust the levels of Cytokines in mice.

Research Present Condition of Antibacterial Peptides and its Application Overview in Livestock Husbandry

SHU Dailian;REN Min;WANG Jue

2007, 34(6): 100-104.

Abstract ( 1419 )

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Antibacterial peptides are aclass of peptides with anti-extrogenous pathogen activities．They are derived from biological defnce system and possess antibacterial，antifungus，antiviruses，antiparasite and anticancer cell actions．The antibacterial peptides types，and their antibacterial mechanism，genetic engineering，application overview in Livestock husbandry and the possible problems in clinical were summarized in this paper．

Investigation of the Technique for Trypsinization in the Culture of Cerebral Cortical Neurons

BAI Yu;ZHAO Deming

2007, 34(6): 105-107.

Abstract ( 1415 )

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The aim of this study was to investigate the optimal conditions for trypsinization in the culture of cerebral cortical neurons. Methods: The cerebral cortical region was dissected out from newborn rats, and then was treated with different concentration of trypsin at different time, in which the effects of trypsinization on cell viability were compared by cell morphology and cell count. Results: The cortical neurons with higher production and viability were obtained under the trypsinization condition of a final concentration of 0.25％ tripsin at 37℃ for 5 min. The results show that 0.25％ tripsin at 37℃ for 5 min made more monolayer cells and improved the viability of neurons. 

Progress in Tetanus Vaccine Research

CAI Hua;XIE Guanghong;LI Xiaobing;TANG Xiaochun;ZHOU Liguang;WU Qiong;OUYANG Hongsheng;WANG Zhe

2007, 34(6): 107-108.

Abstract ( 1310 )

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This article explains the origin, hazard, history of Tetanus toxin and developments in Tetanus vaccine, and also including the manufacture of Tetanus Toxoid and its demerits. It presented the good quality and application prospect of gene vaccine, subunit vaccine and genetically engineering vaccine.

Isolation and Identitication of PRV SA Strain and Construction of gE-delection Transfer Vector

GUAN Yu;SHEN Zhiqiang;QU Guanggang;LV Sufang;REN Yanling;LI Shuguang;WANG Yujiong

2007, 34(6): 109-111.

Abstract ( 1384 )

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The brain Sample of swine that had been doubtfully infected Aujeszky's disease was obtained .The sample was treated and inoculated into Vero and the cell indicated CPE after 7 generations.PCR analysis showed the virus was PRV.The virus was inoculated into other cells and the BHK-21 cell was the optimization for the virus with TCID₅₀ 10^-9.25/0.1 ml .The PM gene fragment that contains YFP express frame,and the PL and PR fragment used for recombination that were cloned from PRV gE gene,were sequentially inserted into pBluescript(M13-) vector.The results of identitication showed that the gE-delection transfer vector had been successfully constructed.

Acute Toxicity Experiments of Chinese Herbal Compound on Mice

CHEN Zhongwei;LIU Wei;ZHAO Wu

2007, 34(6): 112-113.

Abstract ( 1747 )

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In order to study the clinical effect and the acute toxicity of Chinese herbal compound, a total of 100 mice were divided into 10 groups, 3 groups of which were orally given Jinhua by 6667, 10000 and 15000 mg per kilogram body weight respectively, and 6 groups of which were celiacly injected Jinhua by 10000, 12000, 14400, 17280, 20740 and 24880 mg per kilogram body weight respectively. The results showed that, even orally given Chinese herbal compound Jinhua by 15000 mg per kilogram body weight to the mice, not any toxicity or sideeffect were observed. The LD₅₀ of celiac dosage of Chinese herbal compound was 16660 mg per kilogram body weight. The results indicate that the Chinese herbal compound is safe.

Diagnosis and Treatment to Coenurus Cerebralis of Yak

TIAN Shengzhu

2007, 34(6): 116-117.

Abstract ( 1277 )

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By looking into 1~2 year-old yaks in banma county,We found that 67 yaks were infected with coenurus.Through examining in the lab and the mechanism of the incidence of the disease, When Sulphadiazine Na and Pyrquinoketone Compound injection were used in treatment, Most of the sick yaks were cured except for those which had been ill for too long time.

Primary Analysis on the Death Cause of the Blue Sheep(Pseudois Nayaur) in the South of the Qilian Mountains

NAN Mujia;WANG Yunping

2007, 34(6): 118-120.

Abstract ( 1220 )

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Qinghai Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine Station, Xining 810000, China

Prepapation of Bovine Thrombin and External Haemostat for Animal

GAO Chao;GAO Xuejun;JIN Peng;HONG Qin;CHEN Qi

2007, 34(6): 129-131.

Abstract ( 1418 )

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To provide external haemostat for animal, prothrombin,Fxa,FV,phosphate lipid and Ca²⁺were used to make thrombin through orthogonal experiment designment and eventually thrombin was made into external haemostat according to demanding of veterinary clinic .We can draw the conclusion that the external haemostat made in this test is fit for animal external use in clinic,and is much more advance than other coagulant.

Study on Growth Performance of Murrah×Local Buffalo(F₁)

ZHANG Jicai;WANG Ankui;FU Meifen;ZHENG Jinlin;WANG Zhe;YANG Guorong

2007, 34(6): 138-139.

Abstract ( 1298 )

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This paper showed that the Murrah×Local buffalo(F1) birth weight was 36.40 kg, adult average live weight were 558.9 kg under the 24-hour-grazing system at Xiaoshao, Kunming through 3 years study.

The Expectation and Development of China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

LI Li;ZHAO Liansheng;DAI Ye

2007, 34(6): 156-158.

Abstract ( 1601 )

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China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine is a publication of institute of animal science, and is supervised by Ministry of Agricultural. As one of academic journals in animal sciences and veterinary sciences, it plays a main platform for academic intercommunion. Its precursor is Animal Science Abroad and it starts publication in1974. The author reviewed the process of the development, and analyzed the impact factor, then discussed the development and future of China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine.

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